Handbook On Moving Corrections And Sentencing Forward

This volume addresses major issues and research in corrections and sentencing with the goal of using previous research and findings as a platform for recommendations about future research, evaluation, and policy. The last several decades witnessed major policy changes in sentencing and corrections in the United States, as well as considerable research to identify the most effective strategies for addressing criminal behavior. These efforts included changes in sentencing that eliminated parole and imposed draconian sentences for violent and drug crimes. The federal government, followed by most states, implemented sentencing guidelines that greatly reduced the discretion of the courts to impose sentences. The results were a multifold increase in the numbers of individuals in jails and prisons and on community supervision—increases that have only recently crested. There were also efforts to engage prosecutors and the courts in diversion and oversight, including the development of prosecutorial diversion programs, as well as a variety of specialty courts. Penal reform has included efforts to understand the transitions from prison to the community, including federal-led efforts focused on reentry programming. Community corrections reforms have ranged from increased surveillance through drug testing, electronic monitoring, and in some cases, judicial oversight, to rehabilitative efforts driven by risk and needs assessment. More recently, the focus has included pretrial reform to reduce the number of people held in jail pending trial, efforts that have brought attention to the use of bail and its disproportionate impact on people of color and the poor. This collection of chapters from leading researchers addresses a wide array of the latest research in the field. A unique approach featuring responses to the original essays by active researchers spurs discussion and provides a foundation for developing directions for future research and policymaking.

This handbook surveys American sentencing and corrections from global and historical views, from theoretical and policy perspectives, and with attention to a number of problem-specific issues.

INTRODUCTION -- The Consequences of Sentencing and Punishment Decisions--Beth M. Huebner and Natasha A. Frost -- I. CONSEQUENCES OF PUNISHMENT DECISIONS -- 1.Historical Trends in Punishment and the Lens of American Federalism--Michael C. Campbell and Paige E. Vaughn -- 2.Collateral Sanctions: The Intended Collateral Consequences of Felony Convictions--Tanya N. Whittle -- II.BROAD IMPACTS -- 3. The Collateral Consequences of Incarceration for Housing--David S. Kirk -- 4.Residential Insecurities and Neighborhood Quality Following Incarceration--Brianna Remster and Cody Warner -- 5.Impact of Incarceration on Employment Prospects--Robert Apel and Anke Ramakers -- 6.Incarceration, Reentry, and Health--Chantal Fahmy and Danielle Wallace -- 7.The Psychological Effects of Contact with the Criminal Justice System--Thomas P. LeBel and Matt Richie -- 8.Impacts of Incarceration on Children and Families--Miriam Northcutt Bohmert and Sara Wakefield -- 9.Impacts of Conviction and Imprisonment for Women--Miriam Northcutt Bohmert, Matthew Galasso, and Jennifer Cobbina -- III. CONSEQUENCES OF SENTENCING DECISIONS -- 10.Punished for being Punished: Collateral Consequences of a Drug Offense Conviction--Ashley Nellis -- 11.Compounded Stigmatization: Collateral Consequences of a Sex Offense Conviction--Kimberly R. Kras, Morgan McGuirk, Breanne Pleggenkuhle, and Beth M. Huebner -- 12.The Hidden Consequences of Visible Juvenile Records--Megan C. Kurlychek and Riya Saha Shah -- 13.Deportation as a Collateral Consequence--Carlos E. Monteiro -- IV. INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXTS--14.Mass Jail Incarceration and Its Consequences--Joshua C. Cochran and Elisa L. Toman -- 15.Collateral Consequences of Pretrial Detention--Natalie Goulette and John Wooldredge -- 16.The Impact of Restrictive Housing on Inmate Behavior: A Systematic Review of the Evidence--Ryan M. Labrecque and Paula Smith -- 17.The Impacts of Privatization in Corrections: The State of Evidence and Recommendations for Moving Forward--Andrea Montes Lindsey and Daniel P. Mears -- V.BROAD IMPLICATIONS--18.Raise the Age Legislation as a Prevention Approach to Address Mass Incarceration--Danielle Tolson Cooper and Jennifer L. Klein -- 19.Mass Incarceration in Jail and Family Visitation--Emma Conner -- 20.The Hardest Time: Gang Members in Total Institutions--David C. Pyrooz and Meghan M. Mitchell -- 21.Exportation Hypothesis: Bringing Prison Violence Home to the Community--Don Hummer and Eileen M. Ahlin

* Provides a much-needed focus on adjustment and support in the carceral setting, including behavioral and physical health considerations * Showcases the work of leading criminologists in sentencing and corrections * Ideal for use in graduate-level courses in courts, corrections, and law enforcement

The Handbook on Prisons and Jails brings together some of the brightest scholars and thinkers in the field to offer a wide range of perspectives for understanding the experiences of persons incarcerated or working/volunteering within carceral institutions. The assembled chapters consider what is known in the area while identifying emerging areas for theoretical, empirical, and policy work. The volume includes contributions on numerous topics and areas related to penal control, containment, living, and/or working in carceral institutions and addresses methodological considerations for doing research with individuals incarcerated in jail or prison. This collection is essential reading for scholars and students seeking an up-to-date guide to contemporary issues facing corrections and sentencing. It also provides practitioners with valuable resources for developing socially informed policies and practices.

The Handbook on Pretrial Justice covers the front end of the criminal legal system from pretrial diversion to pretrial detention or release. Often overlooked, the decisions made at the earliest phases of the criminal legal system have huge implications for defendants and their families, the community, and the system itself, and impact the entire criminal legal system. This collection of essays and reports of original research explores the complexities of pretrial decisions and practices and includes chapters in the following broad areas: the consequences of detention, pretrial decision-making, community supervision, and risk assessment. The book also includes a section looking at pretrial justice outside of the U.S. Each chapter summarizes what is known, identifies the gaps in the research, and discusses the theoretical, empirical, and policy implications of the research findings. This is Volume 6 of the American Society of Criminology’s Division on Corrections and Sentencing handbook series. The handbooks provide in-depth coverage of seminal and topical issues around sentencing and correction for scholars, students, practitioners, and policymakers.

The Routledge Handbook on Global Community Corrections assesses and analyzes the status of community corrections systems around the world, highlighting inter-regional and intra-regional variations in their design, implementation, and impact on policy and practice. Covering both probation and parole, this handbook brings together leading international experts to examine the myriad of systems developed under the broad heading of community corrections to manage community corrections populations at the pre-adjudication, adjudication, and post-release stages. Chapters are designed to consider the following questions: How many offenders are placed in community corrections systems around the globe? What are the key design features of these community corrections systems? What do we know about the effectiveness of community corrections within and across global regions? This is an essential reference text for all those engaged with community corrections, probation, and post-release policy in criminal justice.

"In the Oxford Handbook of Developmental Psychology and the Law, eminent scholars from varied disciplines detail how developmental science and the law shape one another across the lifespan. The chapters address fundamental questions about how human development influences laws and practices in the legal system and how the law and its practices influence development. The chapters, as well, reveal how the potential for, and consequences of, victimization and perpetration-whether they be criminal or civil acts-are impacted by and impact development. The diversity of topics, range of influences across the lifespan, and complexities of developmental and legal influences are on display throughout the volume. In Section I, which spanned Infancy and Childhood to Adolescence, authors covered such topics as prenatal and infant abuse; the development of antisocial behavior in children and adolescents; questioning of minor victims, witnesses, and suspects; treatment of youth in juvenile, criminal, and specialty courts but also in immigration, custody, and adoption hearings, and finally in schools and prisons. In Section II, which spanned Adulthood to Aging, authors addressed some of the same topics, but here from the perspective of younger and older adults. These include antisocial behavior in adults, the experiences of elder adults as victim/witnesses, and experiences in prison, especially among parents and the elderly. Other topics were covered as well, including persons with developmental disabilities involvement in the courts, reentry transitions after incarceration, and reproductive and end-of-life legal rights. Across this comprehensive volume, authors demonstrate the immense value of research for policy and practice and viewing legal involvement through the lens of lifespan development"--