Hemodynamic Monitoring Using Echocardiography In The Critically Ill

The hemodynamic evaluation of patients with acute circulatory failure and respiratory failure has in the past usually been performed using invasive procedures but in recent years less invasive monitoring devices have been introduced. Echocardiography can be used for both the diagnosis and the management of circulatory and respiratory failure. This book provides all the essential information required by readers in order to perform optimal hemodynamic management of the critically ill based on echocardiographic guidance. After an introductory section on basic principles, hemodynamic assessment using echocardiography is discussed in detail. The diagnosis and management of all types of circulatory and acute respiratory failure by means of echocardiography are then rigorously considered, and specific situations such as thoracic trauma and acute aortic syndrome are examined. The final section is devoted to future issues and applications.

This book, part of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine textbook series, teaches readers how to use hemodynamic monitoring, an essential skill for today’s intensivists. It offers a valuable guide for beginners, as well as for experienced intensivists who want to hone their skills, helping both groups detect an inadequacy of perfusion and make the right choices to achieve the main goal of hemodynamic monitoring in the critically ill, i.e., to correctly assess the cardiovascular system and its response to tissue oxygen demands. The book is divided into distinguished sections: from physiology to pathophysiology; clinical assessment and measurements; and clinical practice achievements including techniques, the basic goals in clinical practice as well as the more appropriate hemodynamic therapy to be applied in different conditions. All chapters use a learning-oriented style, with practical examples, key points and take home messages, helping readers quickly absorb the content and, at the same time, apply what they have learned in the clinical setting. The European Society of Intensive Care Medicine has developed the Lessons from the ICU series with the vision of providing focused and state-of-the-art overviews of central topics in Intensive Care and optimal resources for clinicians working in Intensive Care.

This book offers readers a better understanding of how to perform echocardiography in their daily intensive care unit (ICU) work. With numerous practical examples highlighting the indices and hemodynamic monitoring profiles that physicians could encounter, it considers echocardiography not merely as a simple imaging technique, but as a practical diagnostic and hemodynamic monitoring tool. The booklet is richly illustrated with figures explaining how to perform echo, and includes numerous tables, simple equations and normal and abnormal values. Echocardiography in ICU, a pocket guide written by the leading international experts in the field, is an excellent source of information and guidance for all residents and physicians working in ICU, emergency medicine, anesthesia and cardiology as well.

This book describes the pathophysiological significance of the hemodynamic monitoring parameters available to the clinician and their role in providing reliable and reproducible information on the cardiocirculatory status of a patient in shock. It is explained how measurements of these parameters enable the intensivist to understand the patient’s condition and to make more informed treatment decisions in order to optimize the hemodynamic status and improve the prognosis. Full guidance is provided on measurement of intravascular blood pressures, cardiac output, and derived variables. Methods of cardiac output determination based on the classical pulmonary thermodilution, transpulmonary thermodilution, echocardiography, and Doppler techniques are reviewed. Techniques based on calibrated and non-calibrated pulse contour analysis are discussed, with attention to their limitations. Furthermore, the dynamic indices of fluid responsiveness, their clinical applications, and issues related to their use are addressed. Care is also taken to explain the physiological concepts underlying various devices used by anesthesiologists and intensivists.

Dr. Michael Pinsky has assembled an expert team of authors on the topic of Hemodynamic Monitoring. Articles topics include: The interface between monitoring and physiology at the bedside; Defining goals of resuscitation in the critically ill; Minimally invasive hemodynamic monitoring; Bedside ultrasound for the intensivist; Invasive hemodynamic monitoring; Functional hemodynamic monitoring; Using what you get: dynamic physiological signatures of critical illness; and Effect of organizational issues on resuscitation effectiveness.

SECTION 1: PHYSICS AND PHYSIOLOGY SECTION 2: CARDIAC OUTPUT MEASUREMENT SECTION 3: DOWNSTREAM PARAMETERS AND OTHERS SECTION 4: TYPES OF SHOCK SECTION 5: ASSESSING CARDIAC FUNCTION SECTION 6: SUPPORTING THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM SECTION 7: ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN THE CRITICALLY ILL Index

This is the newest volume in the softcover series "Update in Intensive Care Medicine". It takes a novel, practical approach to analyzing hemodynamic monitoring, focusing on the patient and outcomes based on disease, treatment options and relevance of monitoring to direct patient care. It will rapidly become a classic in the approach to patient monitoring and management during critical illness.