Hydrogen Embrittlement Theory And Prevention Of Hydrogen Damage In Metals And Alloys

Hydrogen evolution and permeation are encountered during electroplating, corrosion, and cathodic protection. Hydrogen accumulates in areas of high stress and may reach a critical concentration, potentially causing fractures and catastrophic damage. Hydrogen Embrittlement Theory and Prevention of Hydrogen Damage in Metals and Alloys explores the theory of hydrogen permeation in metals and alloys, hydrogen embrittlement, stress corrosion cracking, and passivity materials selection as well as electrochemical and non-electrochemical methods for prevention of hydrogen-induced damage. Our goal is to help the next generation of engineers and scientists (i) understand the theory of hydrogen embrittlement and stress corrosion cracking as wells as hydrogen damage prevention strategies, (ii) design models for developing hydrogen damage-resistant alloys, and (iii) prevent damage of different industrial components due to the presence and localization of hydrogen in metals. To accomplish these objectives, the book offers case studies of hydrogen permeation, hydrogen embrittlement, mechanical properties of alloys, hydrogen damage control, and solved problems (with solutions) for the topics covered in the book. The book is self-containing and targets also senior graduate university corrosion engineering courses. The senior undergraduate students have the necessary mathematical exposure and ability to follow the subject. The book is useful for undergraduate corrosion courses taught in chemical, electrochemical, mechanical engineering, chemistry, metallurgy, and material science and will serve as references for individual study. Provides a comprehensive explanation on hydrogen permeation, hydrogen embrittlement, and hydrogen-induced stress corrosion cracking, creating difficulties in development of efficient strategies to preventing different types of hydrogen damage in metals and alloys Prepares the next generation of materials scientists, chemical engineers, and mechanical engineers to advance the hydrogen damage prevention strategies to a higher level and to develop advanced alloys resistant to hydrogen embrittlement and hydrogen-induced damage Discusses hydrogen-induced damage and hydrogen embrittlement mechanisms and the electrochemical and non-electrochemical prevention strategies as well as design of alloys resistive to hydrogen adsorption and embrittlement Includes solved case studies, corrosion analysis, and solved problems designed to help the reader to understand the fundamental principles from thermodynamics and electrochemical kinetics the chapters in the book are updated with data published in papers and reviews in the last 20 years, including the latest research and results

The book presents a collection of chapters on the current problems associated with hydrogen damage. It discusses the effect of hydrogen on material properties and its interaction with the material microstructure, physical features of hydrogen transport in metals and alloys, as well as applicable methods of measuring concentration of hydrogen in solid media.

This book is designed to help metallurgical, chemical, mechanical and reliability engineers responsible for the safe operation and maintenance of equipment made of steel.

This report deals with the deleterious effects of hydrogen gas on steel at elevated temperatures and/or pressures. Hydrogen attack on steels is manifest as decarburization, intergranular fissuring, or blistering. These conditions result in lowered tensile strength, ductility, and impact strength. The reaction of hydrogen with iron carbide to form methane is probably the most important chemical reaction involved in the attack on steel by hydrogen. Attack of steel at elevated temperatures and pressures is limited or prevented by the following measures: (1) use of steel alloyed with strong carbide-forming elements, (2) use of liners of resistant alloy steels, and (3) substitution of resistant nonferrous alloys.

Research and commercial activity in developing hydrogen as a fuel is driving increased attention on hydrogen-materials interactions. In particular, a renewed and intensifying interest in developing hydrogen fuel cells has prompted extensive research with the objective to enable the safe design of components for transporting and storing hydrogen fuel. This volume is the proceedings from the premier conference on hydrogen effects in materials, bridging scientific research and engineering applications. The proceedings volume highlights several themes: the technological importance of hydrogen effects on structural materials; the impact of bridging science and engineering; and the opportunity to apply new research tools, including simulation techniques as well as experimental methods.