Improvisation And Music Education

This book offers compelling new perspectives on the revolutionary potential of improvisation pedagogy. Bringing together contributions from leading musicians, scholars, and teachers from around the world, the volume articulates how improvisation can breathe new life into old curricula; how it can help teachers and students to communicate more effectively; how it can break down damaging ideological boundaries between classrooms and communities; and how it can help students become more thoughtful, engaged, and activist global citizens. In the last two decades, a growing number of music educators, music education researchers, musicologists, cultural theorists, creative practitioners, and ethnomusicologists have suggested that a greater emphasis on improvisation in music performance, history, and theory classes offers enormous potential for pedagogical enrichment. This book will help educators realize that potential by exploring improvisation along a variety of trajectories. Essays offer readers both theoretical explorations of improvisation and music education from a wide array of vantage points, and practical explanations of how the theory can be implemented in real situations in communities and classrooms. It will therefore be of interest to teachers and students in numerous modes of pedagogy and fields of study, as well as students and faculty in the academic fields of music education, jazz studies, ethnomusicology, musicology, cultural studies, and popular culture studies.

Jazz, America's original art form, can be a catalyst for creative and spiritual development. With its unique emphasis on improvisation, jazz offers new paradigms for educational and societal change. In this provocative book, musician and educator Edward W. Sarath illuminates how jazz offers a continuum for transformation. Inspired by the long legacy of jazz innovators who have used meditation and related practices to bring the transcendent into their lives and work, Sarath sees a coming shift in consciousness, one essential to positive change. Both theoretical and practical, the book uses the emergent worldview known as Integral Theory to discuss the consciousness at the heart of jazz and the new models and perspectives it offers. On a more personal level, the author provides examples of his own involvement in educational reform. His design of the first curriculum at a mainstream educational institution to incorporate a significant meditation and consciousness studies component grounds a radical new vision.

Expanding the Space for Improvisation Pedagogy in Music is a critical, research-based anthology exploring improvisation in music pedagogy. The book broadens the understanding of the potentials and possibilities for improvisation in a variety of music education contexts and stimulates the development of knowledge and reflection on improvisation. The book critically examines the challenges, cultural values, aims and methods involved in improvisation pedagogy. Written by international contributors representing a variety of musical genres and research methodologies, it takes a transdisciplinary approach and outlines a way ahead for improvisation pedagogy and research, by providing a space for the exchange of knowledge and critique. This book will be of great interest to scholars, researchers, and postgraduate students in the fields of arts education, music education, improvisation, music psychology, musicology, ethnomusicology, artistic research and community music. It will also appeal to music educators on all levels in the field of music education and music psychology.

A musical practice used for centuries the world over, improvisation too often has been neglected by scholars who dismiss it as either technically undissectible or inexplicably mysterious. At different times and in different cultures, performing music that is not "precomposed" has constituted an artful expression of the performer's individuality (the Baroque); a wild, unthinking form of expression (jazz antagonists); and the best method to train inexperienced musicians to use their instruments (the Middle East). This wide-ranging collection of essays considers musical improvisation from a variety of approaches, including ethnomusicology, education, performance, historical musicology, and music theory. Laying the groundwork for even further research into improvisation, the contributors of this volume delve into topics as diverse as the creative minds of Mozart and Beethoven, the place of improvised musics in Western and non-Western societies, and the development of jazz as a musical and cultural phenomenon.

"With a focus on music, this book outlines what improvisation is and why it is an important creative and social activity. Drawing on the emerging psychological literature in this area, as well as evidence from authors' research with musicians, this text outlines innovative ideas on what defines improvisation and the psychological, creative and social processes involved. It explores the role of specialist skills, the importance of musical identities and the nature of understanding in improvised interaction and between improvisers. It discusses how we develop as improvisers and the role of improvisation within therapeutic applications of music. Each chapter proceeds from discussion of an illustrative instance of musical improvisation. Providing fresh and provocative insights for anyone interested in playing, studying, teaching or listening to improvised music, the authors offer suggestions for approaching this practice in new ways at any level, and identify potential developments in cross-disciplinary improvising. Asserting that everyone can and should improvise, the book provides a resource for courses teaching improvisation in contemporary practice, and has strong relevance for those applying musical improvisation in community and therapeutic contexts. The book deals with such questions as: What constitutes improvisation? Do all forms of improvisation represent the same thing? Faced with myriad possibilities, how do improvisers decide what to play? How does an improviser in a group know what the others will do? How might improvisation influence our wellbeing? In response to such questions, a definition of improvisation based on its unique behavioural features is set out as an exciting context for psychological investigation"--

""Improvisation is spontaneity in music. It can be beautiful, uplifting, and unnerving all at the same. It happens instantaneously, in a unique context, with ideas never to be performed the same way again. It can be the result of years of practice or an unexpected reaction to a collaborative musical moment. As Spolin so eloquently explains, it provides musicians with an opportunity to explore a musical situation where boundaries can be stretched and new ideas can be enacted. Out of these experiences comes a sense of freedom and agency that can inspire a young musician. We have seen the power of these experiences in our own students, and we hope to foster those same experiences for students through the teaching approaches and activities discussed in this book. Where do improvised musical moments live in the typical music curriculum? We know that it is a challenge to incorporate improvisation on a consistent basis. As new music teachers, we often incorporated improvisation as a culminating experience at the end of a unit, or we saved improvisation experiences until concerts were completed. Improvisation did not seem like something that we could address year-long when the demands of content or performance were so great. It changed our teaching when we realized that we could integrate music improvisation activities consistently into the ensemble or music classroom curriculum. Furthermore, we realized that we did not need to hit the ""pause"" button on concert preparation to work on an improvisation unit, both repertoire and improvisation could advance our students' performance abilities. A music teacher can do this in a group setting by tapping into students' diverse personalities and voices. Improvisation is often framed as an independent enterprise, but an eclectic group of students provides boundless opportunities for rich and varied musical collaboration. Moreover, the teacher can be essential in facilitating vibrant group improvisation experiences. There is something different that happens in musical development when we set up opportunities for students to make spontaneous musical choices for themselves. Students begin to listen differently, watch differently, feel differently, and perform differently if we give them the space to stretch musical boundaries and create their own musical ideas. How do we know that students change when they begin to improvise? By focusing on musical elements in improvised activities such as melody, harmony, rhythm, timbre/texture, articulation, and dynamics consistently over time-we have seen students transform. By grounding musical improvisation in these musical elements, students can begin to connect and produce music that reflects layered levels of musical understanding. Furthermore, when lessons are exploratory, interdisciplinary, or inspired by principles in various genres students will experience more fluid musical interactions, become more attuned to their neighbors, and more open and adaptive to musical ideas. This book is designed to provide an accessible approach to including musical improvisation in the large ensemble and classroom setting. It is largely based on the transformative musical experiences we have had with students when we began incorporating improvisation into our teaching. The spontaneous and unpredictable nature of musical improvisation can be challenging, but the rewards far outweigh any momentary trepidation that teachers and students might feel. The pedagogical suggestions and lesson plans presented will make the benefits of teaching and learning improvisation clear and provide an approach that is adaptable and manageable for music teachers working with large numbers of students. In doing so, teachers will learn more about students' musical thinking and will enhance musicianship skills for their entire ensembles. The 2014 National Music Standards call for music teachers to engage students in the musical process of creation and describes improvisation as an integral experience. Yet we know, many teachers, particularly in large ensembles and classroom settings, still struggle to find ways to make improvisation a reality (Bernhard, 2013; Bernhard & Stringham, 2016; Schopp, 2006). The book is framed around practical and flexible ideas for implementing improvisation activities. The lesson activities borrow broad principles from different musical styles and genres to provide a variety of improvisation settings and appeal to diverse student interests. Many activities are exploratory in nature allowing students to play and respond to each other while also focusing on core musical elements such as melody and rhythm. Interdisciplinary teaching approaches and resources are suggested throughout many of the lessons to enhance creative expression and build connections between the arts. Lessons include learning objectives, detailed procedures, assessments, benefits, recordings, and mp3 examples. ""--

Free to Be Musical: Group Improvisation in Music is for those who lead musical experiences in the lives of children, youth, and adults. Offering a set of experiences to inspire creative musical expression, this book will prove useful for music education majors, practicing music teachers, community musicians, and music therapists alike. The experiences (or 'events') are designed to reduce the musical barriers that Western societies pass on to children by the time they reach the 'age of reason,' when the natural childhood penchant to sing, dance, and play musically gives way to perfect performances of standard repertoire preserved in Western staff notation. The authors present ways to encourage music that is expressive and inventive, spontaneous yet thoughtful, communal and collaborative, and unlimited in its potential to bring fulfillment to those who make it. You'll find opportunities to release the musical imagination in ways that are free and expansive, playful and instructive, personal and interpersonal. Higgins and Campbell have created a context that validates the experiments and explorations of all people who are potential makers of all styles of music. Their musical events embrace the belief that music-making is 'a trail of no mistakes,' a celebration of the many and varied musical pathways that both teacher and student can take.

Incorporating technology in music classrooms can take the mystery out of improvisation. What music technology does is establish a strong foundation for chord, scale, phrase, ear training, and listening exercises, creating a solid backdrop for student expression. As author and educator Mike Fein shows, technology is a valuable tool that can be used effectively to supplement student practice time while also developing the skills necessary to become a proficient improviser. Complete with notated exercises, accompaniment tracks, and listening resources, this book gives teachers methods to set their students free to make mistakes and to develop their own ear for improvisation at their own pace. Broken down into significant areas of music technology, each chapter focuses on developing a new skill and guides readers to tangible outcomes with the assistance of hands-on activities that can be immediately implemented into the classroom. In addition to these hands-on activities, each chapter provides the reader with an iPad Connection to various iOS applications, which allows teachers and students another, albeit significantly less expensive, medium through which to learn, share, and create art. This book will appeal to music educators of students in grades K-12. It will serve collegiate music education courses secondarily, and will also appeal to those music educators who work with improvisation and technology.