Introduction To Principles Of Plant Pathology

The rapid advances in concepts of different aspects of plant pathology since 1984 have compelled the present revision and expansion of the book. To avoid repetition, the chapter on plant disease management is condensed. At the same time new information on epidemiology, host-parasite relationship and genetic and molecular aspects of host-parasite interaction have been incorporated. Contents: Introduction / History of Plant Pathology / Causes of Plant Diseases / Symptoms and Indentification of Plant Diseases / Pathogenesis / Survival of Plant Pathogens / Dispersal of Plant Pathogens / The Phenomenon of Infection / Epidemiology / Effect of Infection on the Host / Role of Toxins in Plant Pathogenesis / Defence Mechanisms in Plants / Genetic Variability in Plant Pathogens / Genetics and Molecular Basis of Host-Parasite Interaction / Effect of Environments on Pathogenesis / Assessment of Disease Incidence, Severity and Loss / Disease Management Principles / Disease Management The Practices

Every year we see a remarkable increase in scientific knowledge. We are learning more each day about the world around us, about the numerous biological organisms of the biosphere, about the physical and chemical processes that shaped and continue to change our planet. The cataloging, retrieval, dissemination, and use of this new information along with the continued development of new computer technology provide some of the most challenging problems in science as we enter the Information Age. With the explosion of knowledge in science, it is especially important that students in introductory courses learn not only the basic material of a subject, but also about the newest developments in that subject. With this goal in mind, we have prepared a second edition of Introduction to Plant Diseases: Identification and Management. We prepared this edition with the same general purpose that we had for the first edition - to provide practical, up-to-date information that helps in the successful management of diseases on food, fiber, and landscape plants for students who do not have a strong background in the biological sciences. We included new information on (1) the precise identification of diseases and the pathogens that cause them, (2) the development of epidemics of plant diseases, (3) the application of biotechnology in plant pathology, (4) the use of alternative methods of crop production and disease management that help protect the environment, and (5) diseases that have become more important since the first edition was published.

General concepts. Historical introduction to plant pathology. The causes of plant diseases: non-parasitic agents. Viruses and Mycoplasma-like organisms as plant pathogens. Plant diseases caused by parasites: the taxonomy of plant pathogens. Bacteria as plant pathogens. Angiosperms, algae and protozoa as plant pathogens. Root diseases. Plant injury due to insects, mites, nematodes and other pests. The entry of pathogens into plants. The colonization of the infected plant. The results of infection. Mechanims of attack. Mechanims of defence. The genetic of plant-pathogen interaction. The factors whick influence infection. Epidemiology: the seasonal carry-over plant pathogens. The dispersal of plant pathogens. The spread of pathogens within crop areas; epiphytotics. The factors which influence the spread of pathogens with crop areas. The forecasting of plant diseases. The assessment of disease incidence and crop loss. The control of plant diseases: general considerations. Disease control by plant sanitation. Disease control by cultural pratctices. Physical and chemical methods of disease contro(1). Physical and chemical methods of disease control(2). Disease control by plant breeding and selection. Disease control by legislation and international cooperations: research and education. Sources of information.

The scientific study of diseases in plants that are caused due to pathogens and environmental factors is under the scope of plant pathology. Some common pathogens are fungi, bacteria, viruses, protozoa, etc. Pathogens typically infect the plant through the release of toxins, cell wall degrading enzymes and effector proteins. Some abiotic factors such as frost, drought, poor drainage, deposition of mineral salts, etc. also have a significant effect on the incidence of physiological plant disorders. This field encompasses the study of disease etiology, pathogen identification, economic impact, plant disease resistance, genetics and management of pathosystem genetics, etc. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts in the field of plant pathology. Different approaches, evaluations and methodologies have been included herein. For someone with an interest and eye for detail, this textbook covers the most significant topics in this field.

A comprehensive study of the causes of plant disease, the processes involved in plant-pathogen interaction, the genetics of pathogenesis, and the epidemiology of plant disease. Includes an assessment of the application of our knowledge to practical plant disease control.

Introduction of phytopathology; Brief historical background; Plant disease concept, definitions, symptoms and classification; Bacteria as causal agents of plant disease; Mollicutes and related organisms as probable causal agents of plant disease; Fungi as causal agents of plant disease; Viruses as causal agents of plant disease; Nematodes as causal agents of plant disease; Parasitic seed plants as causal agents of plant disease; Noninfectious plant disease; Air pollution toxicity; Market pathology; Environment - its influence on the development of infectious diseases; The pathogen - production and spread of inoculum; The pahtogen - inoculum and entry into plants; The pahtogen - variation; The resistant host; The pathogen present in the host; Host responses to inbfection; Plant diseases epidemics; Disease control - breeding for resistance; Disease control - inoculum reduction; Disease control - quarantines; List of plant species sensitive and tolerant to specific air pollutants.

Plant Pathology comprises art of treating a sick plant as well as science of understanding the nature of the diseased plant. Primarily aimed to cater to the needs of undergraduate students, this book provides comprehensive treatment of fundamental facts, terminology and general aspects of Plant Pathology. it provides an introduction to the subject for beginners in this field. it can also serve as a laboratory manual. CONTENTS 1.introduction 2. Causes of plant diseases 3. Classification of plant diseases 4. Effect of pathogen on the plants 5. Dissemination of plant diseases 6. Diseases caused by abiotic factor 7. Role of enzymes and toxins in plant disease development 8. Defense mechanism in plants 9. Infection and host-parasite relationship 10. Principles and methods of plant disease control 11. Culture media and sterilization 12. Disease forecasting 13. Remote sensing – meaning, scope, objectives, advantages 14. Host plant resistance 15. Disease of rice 16. Disease of wheat 17. Diseases of sorghum 18. Diseases of pearlmilled 19. Diseases of maize 20. Diseases of turmeric 21. Diseases of tobacco 22. Diseases of groundnut 23. Diseases of sunflower 24. Diseases of sesamum 25. Diseases of cotton 26. Diseases of pigeonpea or arhar 28. Diseases of bengal gram 29. Diseases of soybean 30. Diseases of sugarcane 31. Diseases of citrus 32. Diseases of mango 33. Diseases of banana 34. Diseases of grapes 35. Diseases of apple 36. Diseases of papaya 37. Diseases of chilli 38. Diseases of brinjal 39. Diseases of bhendi 40. Diseases of potato 41. Diseases of cabbage 42. Diseases of cucurbits 43.diseases of tomato 44. Diseases of beans 45. Diseases of onion & garlic 46. Diseases of coffee and tea Definition and terms References