Introduction To Sensors For Electrical And Mechanical Engineers

Sensors are all around us. They are in phones, cars, planes, trains, robots, mils, lathes, packaging lines, chemical plants, power plants, etc. Modern technology could not exist without sensors. The sensors measure what we need to know and the control system then performs the desired actions. When an engineer builds any machine he or she needs to have basic understanding about sensors. Correct sensors need to be selected for the design right from the start. The designer needs to think about the ranges, required accuracy, sensor cost, wiring, correct installation and placement etc. Without the basic knowledge of sensors fundamental no machine can be built successfully today. The objective of this book is to provide the basic knowledge to electrical and mechanical engineers, engineering students and hobbyist from the field of sensors to help them with the selection of “proper” sensors for their designs. No background knowledge in electrical engineering is required, all the necessary basics are provided. The book explains how a sensor works, in what ranges it can be used, with what accuracy etc. It also provides examples of industrial application for selected sensors. The book covers all the major variables in mechanical engineering such as temperature, force, torque, pressure, humidity, position, speed, acceleration etc. The approach is always as follows: - Explain how the sensor works, what is the principle - Explain in what ranges and with what accuracy it can work - Describe its properties with charts, eventually equations - Give examples of such sensors including application examples

Introduces the characteristics of common types of industrial sensors and transducers, highlights analysis of the operating principles and characteristics of several commonly used sensors and transducers, analog and digital signals and signal processing including various components and devices including the digital signal processing (DSP), transmission and telemetry systems, data display and analog and digital devices. This book further covers the most recent developments in virtual instrumentation and in understanding factors that contribute to measurement errors which help determine and design appropriate measures to improve accuracy of the instruments to larger extent possible and describes to several specific types of electric measuring instruments used for the measurement of electrical quantities at the end. The book is designed to serve the needs of the engineering students of instrumentation, chemical, mechanical, electronics and electrical disciplines. It will also be a useful for the students of applied sciences, industrial engineers, scientists, designers, managers and research personnel.

The need for new types of sensors is more critical than ever. This is due to the emergence of increasingly complex technologies, health and security concerns of a burgeoning world population, and the emergence of terrorist activities, among other factors. Depending on their application, the design, fabrication, testing, and use of sensors, all require various kinds of both technical and nontechnical expertise. With this in mind, Introduction to Sensors examines the theoretical foundations and practical applications of electrochemical, piezoelectric, fiber optic, thermal, and magnetic sensors and their use in the modern era. Incorporating information from sensor-based industries to review current developments in the field, this book: Presents a complete sensor system that includes the preparation phase, the sensing element and platform, and appropriate electronics resulting in a digital readout Discusses solid-state electronic sensors, such as the metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) capacitor, the micromachined capacitive polymer, and the Schottky diode sensors Uses the two-dimensional hexagonal lattice as an example to detail the basic theory associated with piezoelectricity Explores the fundamental relationship between stress, strain, electric field, and electric displacement The magnetic sensors presented are used to determine measurands such as the magnetic field and semiconductor properties, including carrier concentration and mobility. Offering the human body and the automobile as examples of entities that rely on a multiplicity of sensors, the authors address the application of various types of sensors, as well as the theory and background information associated with their development and the materials used in their design. The coverage in this book reveals the underlying rationale for the application of different sensors while also defining the properties and characteristics of each.

Since the technology has moved strongly into a number of different areas a textbook of this sort could be used by a wide variety of academic departments including physics, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, civil engineering, aerospace engineering and bioengineering. To make the second edition as widely appealing as possible a series of significant upgrades were made. 1. The book is structured to support a variety of academic programs and it can also be used as a general reference by practicing engineers and scientists. 2. The introductory chapter has been revised to outline the new content of the second edition and provide a overview of the current status of fiber optic sensor technology. 3. A new, extensive chapter has been added covering fiber optic grating sensor technology and its application to aerospace, civil structures, oil and gas and power generating applications. 4. A second new chapter has been added on the emerging field of biomedical fiber optic sensors. This is one of the most rapidly growing fields of use for fiber optic sensors and with rising health costs and medical advances promises to be an important area for many years to come.

Sensors: An Introductory Course provides an essential reference on the fundamentals of sensors. The book is designed to help readers in developing skills and the understanding required in order to implement a wide range of sensors that are commonly used in our daily lives. This book covers the basic concepts in the sensors field, including definitions and terminologies. The physical sensing effects are described, and devices which utilize these effects are presented. The most frequently used organic and inorganic sensors are introduced and the techniques for implementing them are discussed.

Unlike other treatments of sensors or actuators, this book approaches the devices from the point of view of the fundamental coupling mechanism between the electrical and mechanical behaviour. The principles of operation of the solenoid are the same in both cases, and this book thus treats them together. It begins with a discussion of systems analysis as a tool for modelling transducers, before turning to a detailed discussion of transduction mechanisms. The whole is rounded off by an input/output analysis of transducers.

Fundamentals of Sensors for Engineering and Science is a practical analysis of sensors and measurement, designed to help readers make informed decisions when selecting an appropriate sensor for a given application. Spurred by a growing demand for information on the evolution of modern sensors, this book evaluates current applications to illustrate their wide range of uses, as well as the many ways they can be classified. Emphasizing the underlying physics involved, author Patrick Dunn reviews the sensors commonly used in engineering and science. He also covers the sensors of the human body, as well as biomimetic sensors used to simulate human functions. The book organizes and describes contemporary examples of manmade sensors based on their core physical principles. Fundamentals—including scaling considerations involved in micro- and nano-sensor development and uncertainty—are introduced at the beginning of the text. A companion to the popular Measurement and Data Analysis for Engineering and Science, Second Edition, this book will benefit instructors, industry professionals, and anyone else with an interest in this burgeoning field. Clarifying the primary role and key characteristics of sensors in engineering and science, this text includes a wealth of examples and chapter problems, and it also provides online links to updated ancillary materials.

This book on mechanical microsensors is based on a course organized by the Swiss Foundation for Research in Microtechnology (FSRM) in Neuchatel, Swit zerland, and developed and taught by the authors. Support by FSRM is herewith gratefully acknowledged. This book attempts to serve two purposes. First it gives an overview on me chanical microsensors (sensors for pressure, force, acceleration, angular rate and fluid flow, realized by silicon micromachining). Second, it serves as a textbook for engineers to give them a comprehensive introduction on the basic design issues of these sensors. Engineers active in sensor design are usually educated either in electrical engineering or mechanical engineering. These classical educa tional pro grams do not prepare the engineer for the challenging task of sensor design since sensors are instruments typically bridging the disciplines: one needs a rather deep understanding of both mechanics and electronics. Accordingly, the book contains discussion of the basic engineering sciences relevant to mechanical sensors, hopefully in a way that it is accessible for all colours of engineers. Engi rd th neering students in their 3 or 4 year should have enough knowledge to be able to follow the arguments presented in this book. In this sense, this book should be useful as textbook for students in courses on mechanical microsensors (as is CUf rently being done at the University ofTwente).