Investigation Of Special Type Smarandache Ruled Surfaces Due To Rotation Minimizing Darboux Frame

This study begins with the construction of type-Π Smarandache ruled surfaces, whose base curves are Smarandache curves derived by rotation-minimizing Darboux frame vectors of the curve in E3. The direction vectors of these surfaces are unit vectors that convert Smarandache curves. The Gaussian and mean curvatures of the generated ruled surfaces are then separately calculated, and the surfaces are required to be minimal or developable. We report our main conclusions in terms of the angle between normal vectors and the relationship between normal curvature and geodesic curvature. For every surface, examples are provided, and the graphs of these surfaces are produced.

In this paper, by considering dual geodesic trihedron (dual Darboux frame) we define dual Smarandache curves lying fully on dual unit sphere and corresponding to ruled surfaces.

In this paper, we study the developable TN, TB, and NB-Smarandache ruled surface with a pointwise 1-type Gauss map. In particular, we obtain that every developable TN-Smarandache ruled surface has constant mean curvature, and every developable TB-Smarandache ruled surface is minimal if and only if the curve is a place curve with non-zero curvature or a helix, and every developable NB-Smarandache ruled surface is always plane. We also provide some examples.

The mathematical combinatorics is a subject that applying combinatorial notion to all mathematics and all sciences for understanding the reality of things in the universe, motivated by CC Conjecture of Dr.Linfan MAO on mathematical sciences. TheMathematical Combinatorics (International Book Series) is a fully refereed international book series with an ISBN number on each issue, sponsored by the MADIS of Chinese Academy of Sciences and published in USA quarterly, which publishes original research papers and survey articles in all aspects of mathematical combinatorics, Smarandachemulti-spaces, Smarandache geometries, non-Euclidean geometry, topology and their applications to other sciences.

This book comprises high-quality refereed research papers presented at the Third International Conference on Computer Science, Engineering and Education Applications (ICCSEEA2020), held in Kyiv, Ukraine, on 21–22 January 2020, organized jointly by National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, National Aviation University, and the International Research Association of Modern Education and Computer Science. The topics discussed in the book include state-of-the-art papers in computer science, artificial intelligence, engineering techniques, genetic coding systems, deep learning with its medical applications, and knowledge representation with its applications in education. It is an excellent source of references for researchers, graduate students, engineers, management practitioners, and undergraduate students interested in computer science and their applications in engineering and education.

The book provides a detailed exposition of the calculus of variations on fibre bundles and graded manifolds. It presents applications in such area's as non-relativistic mechanics, gauge theory, gravitation theory and topological field theory with emphasis on energy and energy-momentum conservation laws. Within this general context the first and second Noether theorems are treated in the very general setting of reducible degenerate graded Lagrangian theory.

This book brings the beauty and fun of mathematics to the classroom. It offers serious mathematics in a lively, reader-friendly style. Included are exercises and many figures illustrating the main concepts. The first chapter talks about the theory of manifolds. It includes discussion of smoothness, differentiability, and analyticity, the idea of local coordinates and coordinate transformation, and a detailed explanation of the Whitney imbedding theorem (both in weak and in strong form).The second chapter discusses the notion of the area of a figure on the plane and the volume of a solid body in space. It includes the proof of the Bolyai-Gerwien theorem about scissors-congruent polynomials and Dehn's solution of the Third Hilbert Problem. This is the third volume originating from a series of lectures given at Kyoto University (Japan). It is suitable for classroom use for high school mathematics teachers and for undergraduate mathematics courses in the sciences and liberal arts. The first and second volumes are available as Volume 19 and Volume 20 in the AMS series, ""Mathematical World"".

Our first knowledge of differential geometry usually comes from the study of the curves and surfaces in I\!\!R^3 that arise in calculus. Here we learn about line and surface integrals, divergence and curl, and the various forms of Stokes' Theorem. If we are fortunate, we may encounter curvature and such things as the Serret-Frenet formulas. With just the basic tools from multivariable calculus, plus a little knowledge of linear algebra, it is possible to begin a much richer and rewarding study of differential geometry, which is what is presented in this book. It starts with an introduction to the classical differential geometry of curves and surfaces in Euclidean space, then leads to an introduction to the Riemannian geometry of more general manifolds, including a look at Einstein spaces. An important bridge from the low-dimensional theory to the general case is provided by a chapter on the intrinsic geometry of surfaces. The first half of the book, covering the geometry of curves and surfaces, would be suitable for a one-semester undergraduate course. The local and global theories of curves and surfaces are presented, including detailed discussions of surfaces of rotation, ruled surfaces, and minimal surfaces. The second half of the book, which could be used for a more advanced course, begins with an introduction to differentiable manifolds, Riemannian structures, and the curvature tensor. Two special topics are treated in detail: spaces of constant curvature and Einstein spaces. The main goal of the book is to get started in a fairly elementary way, then to guide the reader toward more sophisticated concepts and more advanced topics. There are many examples and exercises to help along the way. Numerous figures help the reader visualize key concepts and examples, especially in lower dimensions. For the second edition, a number of errors were corrected and some text and a number of figures have been added.