Is It Possible To Overcome Aging Today And Tomorrow Cell Therapy

Humanity’s dream of eternal life can come true. Russia has developed the world’s first “General Theory of Rejuvenation of Organisms”. This discovery is akin to the flight into space of the first satellite of the Earth and the first cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. You will be one of the first to have this knowledge when you read this book by the author – Dr. in Biology, gerontologist, a specialist in cell technology. The book provides evidences justification of the human desire to live long.

Over the past decade, significant efforts have been made to develop stem cell-based therapies for difficult to treat diseases. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), appear to hold great promise in regards to a regenerative cell-based therapy for the treatment of these diseases. Currently, more than 200 clinical trials are underway worldwide exploring the use of MSCs for the treatment of a wide range of disorders including bone, cartilage and tendon damage, myocardial infarction, graft-versus-host disease, Crohn’s disease, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, critical limb ischemia and many others. MSCs were first identified by Friendenstein and colleagues as an adherent stromal cell population within the bone marrow with the ability to form clonogenic colonies in vitro. In regards to the basic biology associated with MSCs, there has been tremendous progress towards understanding this cell population’s phenotype and function from a range of tissue sources. Despite enormous progress and an overall increased understanding of MSCs at the molecular and cellular level, several critical questions remain to be answered in regards to the use of these cells in therapeutic applications. Clinically, both autologous and allogenic approaches for the transplantation of MSCs are being explored. Several of the processing steps needed for the clinical application of MSCs, including isolation from various tissues, scalable in vitro expansion, cell banking, dose preparation, quality control parameters, delivery methods and numerous others are being extensively studied. Despite a significant number of ongoing clinical trials, none of the current therapeutic approaches have, at this point, become a standard of care treatment. Although exceptionally promising, the clinical translation of MSC-based therapies is still a work in progress. The extensive number of ongoing clinical trials is expected to provide a clearer path forward for the realization and implementation of MSCs in regenerative medicine. Towards this end, reviews of current clinical trial results and discussions of relevant topics association with the clinical application of MSCs are compiled in this book from some of the leading researchers in this exciting and rapidly advancing field. Although not absolutely all-inclusive, we hope the chapters within this book can promote and enable a better understanding of the translation of MSCs from bench-to-bedside and inspire researchers to further explore this promising and quickly evolving field.

Recent studies have indicated that epigenetic processes may play a major role in both cellular and organismal aging. These epigenetic processes include not only DNA methylation and histone modifications, but also extend to many other epigenetic mediators such as the polycomb group proteins, chromosomal position effects, and noncoding RNA. The topics of this book range from fundamental changes in DNA methylation in aging to the most recent research on intervention into epigenetic modifications to modulate the aging process. The major topics of epigenetics and aging covered in this book are: 1) DNA methylation and histone modifications in aging; 2) Other epigenetic processes and aging; 3) Impact of epigenetics on aging; 4) Epigenetics of age-related diseases; 5) Epigenetic interventions and aging: and 6) Future directions in epigenetic aging research. The most studied of epigenetic processes, DNA methylation, has been associated with cellular aging and aging of organisms for many years. It is now apparent that both global and gene-specific alterations occur not only in DNA methylation during aging, but also in several histone alterations. Many epigenetic alterations can have an impact on aging processes such as stem cell aging, control of telomerase, modifications of telomeres, and epigenetic drift can impact the aging process as evident in the recent studies of aging monozygotic twins. Numerous age-related diseases are affected by epigenetic mechanisms. For example, recent studies have shown that DNA methylation is altered in Alzheimer’s disease and autoimmunity. Other prevalent diseases that have been associated with age-related epigenetic changes include cancer and diabetes. Paternal age and epigenetic changes appear to have an effect on schizophrenia and epigenetic silencing has been associated with several of the progeroid syndromes of premature aging. Moreover, the impact of dietary or drug intervention into epigenetic processes as they affect normal aging or age-related diseases is becoming increasingly feasible.

Recent scientific breakthroughs, celebrity patient advocates, and conflicting religious beliefs have come together to bring the state of stem cell researchâ€"specifically embryonic stem cell researchâ€"into the political crosshairs. President Bush's watershed policy statement allows federal funding for embryonic stem cell research but only on a limited number of stem cell lines. Millions of Americans could be affected by the continuing political debate among policymakers and the public. Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine provides a deeper exploration of the biological, ethical, and funding questions prompted by the therapeutic potential of undifferentiated human cells. In terms accessible to lay readers, the book summarizes what we know about adult and embryonic stem cells and discusses how to go about the transition from mouse studies to research that has therapeutic implications for people. Perhaps most important, Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine also provides an overview of the moral and ethical problems that arise from the use of embryonic stem cells. This timely book compares the impact of public and private research funding and discusses approaches to appropriate research oversight. Based on the insights of leading scientists, ethicists, and other authorities, the book offers authoritative recommendations regarding the use of existing stem cell lines versus new lines in research, the important role of the federal government in this field of research, and other fundamental issues.

Stem Cells and Aging covers what is known about the effect of time and age on the basic units of life, which are the corresponding tissue-specific or adult stem cells. Even though the concept of stem cells was introduced nearly a century ago by Alexander Maximow, modern stem-cell research began in 1963 when James Till, Ernest McCullough and Lou Siminovitch established assays to detect hematopoietic stem cells. In fact, given the importance of the aging-associated diseases, scientists have developed a keen interest in understanding the aging process as they attempt to define the role of dysfunctional stem cells in the aging process. With an aging population worldwide, understanding these age-related stem cell changes at a basic biology level and at the level of their influences for regenerative medicine is of interest and importance. There is increasing evidence that the aging process can have much adverse effects on stem cells. In the modern era, one of the emerging fields in treating human diseases is stem cell research, as stem cells have the remarkable potential to treat a wide range of diseases. Nevertheless, understanding the molecular mechanism involved in aging and deterioration of stem cell function is crucial in developing effective new therapies for aging. Serves as an ideal reference to guide investigators toward valuable answers to the problems of our aging population Addresses the effect of time and age on human stem cells Includes chapters from contributors exploring the biology of stem cell aging around the globe

' This comprehensive volume surveys the molecular, cellular, hormonal, nutritional, medical and lifestyle strategies being tested and applied for the prevention, intervention and treatment of age-related diseases. With authoritative contributions not just from researchers in academic institutions and pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries, but also practicing clinicians of both mainstream and alternative medicine, demographers and bioethicists, this book provides unique scientific, ethical and social perspectives on the discussion of aging intervention. In addition, the latest technologies in development, which will have serious bearings on future aging interventions, are reviewed. Aging Interventions and Therapies is ideal for graduates and undergraduates in universities and medical and nursing colleges, as well as post-graduates researching different aspects of aging and anti-aging. The topics covered are also highly relevant for professionals in the pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, nutrition and healthcare industries, and practicing clinicians looking for a reliable and up-to-date resource on aging intervention and therapy. Contents:The Ethics of Aging Intervention and Life-Extension (S Horrobin)Prevention and Treatment of Skin Aging (J L McCullogh & K M Kelly)Industrial Approaches Towards Developing Effective Skin Care Products (T Blatt et al.)Strategies to Reduce Age-Related Skeletal Muscle Wasting (G S Lynch et al.)Antioxidants and Aging in Human Beings (É Le Bourg)Hormone Therapy for Aging (M K Thakur)Pineal Peptides as Modulators of Aging (V N Anisimov & V K Khavinson)Melatonin: Anti-Aging Perception and Current Perspectives (A L Bhatia)Zinc and Other Micronutrients for Healthy Aging (E Mocchegiani et al.)Calorie Restriction as a Potent Anti-Aging Intervention: Modulation of Oxidative Stress (B P Yu)Nutritional Interventions in Aging and Age-Associated Disorders (K Kitani)Telomere- and Telomerase Based Therapies (M A Cerone et al.)Clinical Perspective of the Present Status of Treatment for Major Age-Related Diseases (A Syngle)Indian Ayurvedic Medicine in Aging Prevention and Treatment (B P S Vohra & S K Gupta)Alzheimer's Disease: Current and Future Treatments (U Kumar)Stem Cells, Regenerative Medicine and Aging (M Kassem)Principles and Practice of Hormesis as an Aging Intervention (S I S Rattan)Forseeable and More Distant Rejuvenation Therapies (A D N J de Grey)Anti-Aging Medicine and the Quest for Immortality (S J Olshansky & B A Carnes) Readership: Graduate and undergraduate students, researchers, and professionals working in the healthcare, cosmetics and cosmeceutical industries. Keywords:Aging;Anti-Aging;Lifespan;Longevity;Healthy Aging;Gerontogenes;Exercise;StressKey Features:Provides state-of-the-art information on the success and failure of various anti-aging approaches, such as hormone therapy, melatonin, biopeptides, nutrition, antioxidants, micronutrients, herbs, exercise and cosmeticsChallenges and re-defines common beliefs and ideas about aging intervention and lifespan prolongationEvaluates the advantages and disadvantages of prevalent treatments for age-related diseasesEvaluates therapeutic approaches under test and development against Alzheimer's disease, mitochondrial diseases, and for better skin careReviews:“This book tackles a frontier medicine and has the merit to have harmoniously ‘cross-linked’ opinion leaders in many different aspects of the field, rendering it very amenable to students, basic scientists and clinicians, and is an absolute must for the dedicated researchers.”Biogerontology '

Anti-Aging Drug Discovery on the Basis of Hallmarks of Aging is a comprehensive and timely book on all aspects of anti-aging strategies. The book provides comprehensive, foundational knowledge on the mechanisms of aging and current anti-aging strategies and approaches developed. Aging research has experienced an unprecedented advance over recent years with the discovery that the rate of aging is determined, at least to some extent, mainly by our genetics and modulated by environmental factors. The hallmarks of aging describe the molecular and cellular processes that govern biological aging and their variation in individuals. Covers different aspects of anti-aging research, from foundational knowledge to future perspectives Provides understanding on the different hallmarks of aging and how they can be applied in the development of anti-aging drugs Discusses various anti-aging strategies, including telomerase reactivation, clearance of senescent cells, stem cell-based therapy, and others

The Handbook of Models for Human Aging is designed as the only comprehensive work available that covers the diversity of aging models currently available. For each animal model, it presents key aspects of biology, nutrition, factors affecting life span, methods of age determination, use in research, and disadvantages/advantes of use. Chapters on comparative models take a broad sweep of age-related diseases, from Alzheimer's to joint disease, cataracts, cancer, and obesity. In addition, there is an historical overview and discussion of model availability, key methods, and ethical issues. Utilizes a multidisciplinary approach Shows tricks and approaches not available in primary publications First volume of its kind to combine both methods of study for human aging and animal models Over 200 illustrations