Knowledge Discovery From Data Streams

Since the beginning of the Internet age and the increased use of ubiquitous computing devices, the large volume and continuous flow of distributed data have imposed new constraints on the design of learning algorithms. Exploring how to extract knowledge structures from evolving and time-changing data, Knowledge Discovery from Data Streams presents

Social technology is quickly becoming a vital tool in our personal, educational, and professional lives. Its use must be further examined in order to determine the role of social media technology in organizational settings to promote business development and growth. Social Network Analytics for Contemporary Business Organizations is a critical scholarly resource that analyzes the application of social media in business applications. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics, such as business management, dynamic networks, and online interaction, this book is geared towards professionals, researchers, academics, students, managers, and practitioners actively involved in the business industry.

This book primarily discusses issues related to the mining aspects of data streams and it is unique in its primary focus on the subject. This volume covers mining aspects of data streams comprehensively: each contributed chapter contains a survey on the topic, the key ideas in the field for that particular topic, and future research directions. The book is intended for a professional audience composed of researchers and practitioners in industry. This book is also appropriate for advanced-level students in computer science.

Modern society exists in a digital era in which high volumes of multimedia information exists. To optimize the management of this data, new methods are emerging for more efficient information retrieval. Web Semantics for Textual and Visual Information Retrieval is a pivotal reference source for the latest academic research on embedding and associating semantics with multimedia information to improve data retrieval techniques. Highlighting a range of pertinent topics such as automation, knowledge discovery, and social networking, this book is ideally designed for researchers, practitioners, students, and professionals interested in emerging trends in information retrieval.

With the proliferation of sensor data, a critical challenge is to interpret and extract knowledge from large-scale heterogeneous observational data. Most knowledge discovery frameworks relay on data mining techniques to extract interesting patterns. The problem of finding such patterns is NP-complete and the property of interestingness is not monotone since a pattern may be interesting, even if its subpatterns are not. In this dissertation a framework for interactive knowledge discovery from heterogeneous high-dimensional temporal data is presented. First, a high-level pattern formulation language is introduced. The language consists of an event model for fusing and abstracting data streams, a semi-interval time model for effectively representing temporal relations, and a set of expressive operators. Based on these operators, a visual and interactive framework is proposed which combines data-driven (bottom-up) and hypothesis-driven (top-down) analyses.This framework takes advantage of data-driven operators for pattern mining and investigating unknown unknowns to generate a basic model and derive a preliminary knowledge. It also uses domain expert knowledge to guide the process of revealing known unknowns. An expert can seed a hypothesis, based on prior knowledge or the knowledge derived from data-driven analysis, and grow it interactively using hypothesis-driven operators. In the context of the pattern mining component, novel time efficient algorithms are introduced which allow discovery of hidden event co-occurrences from multiple event streams. A prototype of the framework is implemented as a web based system which can be utilized as an effective tool for explanation and decision making in almost all disciplines. The applicability of this framework is evaluated in a healthcare application for asthma risk management and a human behavior understanding application, called Objective Self. These applications and experiments highlight the actionable knowledge that the framework can help uncover.

In the data stream scenario, input arrives very rapidly and there is limited memory to store the input. Algorithms have to work with one or few passes over the data, space less than linear in the input size or time significantly less than the input size. In the past few years, a new theory has emerged for reasoning about algorithms that work within these constraints on space, time, and number of passes. Some of the methods rely on metric embeddings, pseudo-random computations, sparse approximation theory and communication complexity. The applications for this scenario include IP network traffic analysis, mining text message streams and processing massive data sets in general. Researchers in Theoretical Computer Science, Databases, IP Networking and Computer Systems are working on the data stream challenges.

Processing data streams has raised new research challenges over the last few years. This book provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of stream data processing, including famous prototype implementations like the Nile system and the TinyOS operating system. Applications in security, the natural sciences, and education are presented. The huge bibliography offers an excellent starting point for further reading and future research.

Annotation. This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Discovery Science, DS 2010, held in Canberra, Australia, in October 2010. The 25 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from 43 submissions and include the first part of the book. In a second part invited talks of ALT 2010 and DS 2010 are presented. The scope of the conference is the exchange of new ideas and information among researchers working in the area of automatic scientific discovery or working on tools for supporting the human process of discovery in science.