La Vend E

Wage-Earning Slaves is the first systematic study of coartación, a process by which slaves worked toward purchasing their freedom in installments, long recognized as a distinctive feature of certain areas under Spanish colonial rule in the nineteenth century. Focusing on Cuba, this book reveals that instead of providing a “path to manumission,” the process was often rife with obstacles that blocked slaves from achieving liberty. Claudia Varella and Manuel Barcia trace the evolution of coartación in the context of urban and rural settings, documenting the lived experiences of slaves through primary sources from many different archives. They show that slave owners grew increasingly intolerant and abusive of the process, and that the laws of coartación were not often followed in practice. The process did not become formalized as a contract between slaves and their masters until 1875, after abolition had already come. Varella and Barcia discuss how coartados did not see an improvement in their situation at this time, but essentially became wage-earning slaves as they continued serving their former owners. The exhaustive research in this volume provides valuable insight into how slaves and their masters negotiated with each other in the ever-changing economic world of nineteenth-century Cuba, where freedom was not always absolute and where abuses and corruption most often prevailed.

Durante muchos anos, los seguidores de Ana Maria Godinez Gonzalez y de Gustavo Hernandez Moreno han encontrado en sus multiples libros las herramientas fundamentales y sorprendentes que les ayudan a entender de una manera clara y dinamica lo que deben de hacer a fin de conseguir todo aquello que desean en el menor tiempo y con el menor uso de recursos. En este interesantisimo libro, ellos explican como es que como vendedor puedes obtener aquello que deseas si conoces estos maravillosos secretos que ellos tienen para ti y sobre todo si los llevas a la practica, lo cual, es bastante facil pues es la caracteristica que los ha identificado muy por encima de cualquiera de sus colegas. Como lector, tu encontraras en este libro una lectura muy amena pero sobretodo enriquecedora en todos los sentidos, tanto en sentido espiritual, personal y de una visualizacion hacia el futuro y prosperidad que deseas tener para ti y para los que amas.