Language And The Grand Tour

Language is still a relatively under-researched aspect of the Grand Tour. This book offers a comprehensive introduction enriched by the amusing stories and vivid quotations collected from travellers' writings, providing crucial insights into the rise of modern vernaculars and the standardisation of European languages.

This work examines the forms of language that map out Italy as an imaginative topography of pleasure within British and French travel writing, over the period 1600 to 1830. It considers the tour with reference to strategies of description and themes.

This is an international publication exploring early modern cultural exchange between Britain and Savoy, including political, diplomatic, social, religious and artistic trends.

This volume revisits the issue of language contact and conflict in the Low Countries across space and time. The contributions deal with important sites of Germanic-Romance contact along the different language borders, covering languages such as French, Dutch, German, and Luxembourgish. This first monograph in English on the topic broadens our understanding of current-day issues by integrating a historical perspective, showing how language contact and conflict operated from the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Period, the 18th and 19th centuries, and into the 20th and 21st centuries.

For members of the social elite in 18th-century England, extended travel for pleasure came to be considered part of an ideal education as well as an important symbol of social status. Italy, and especially Rome - a fashionable, exciting, and comfortable city - became the focus of such early tourists' interest. In this book, historian Jeremy Black recreates the actual tourist experiences of those who travelled to Italy on a Grand Tour. Relying on the private diaries and personal letters of travellers, rather than on the self-conscious accounts of literary travellers who wrote for wider audiences, the book presents an authentic picture of how British tourists experienced Italy, its landscapes, women, food, music, Catholicism, and more. illustrations, the book highlights the discrepancy between the idealised view of the Grand Tour and its reality: what people were meant to do was not necessarily what they did, what the guide books described as splendid was not always so perceived. Black quotes British visitors as they reflect on their trips, and he discusses what their Italian experiences meant to them. And he considers the intriguing effects of tourism on British culture during this most exciting of centuries.

The Grand Tour, a customary trip of Europe undertaken by British nobility and wealthy landed gentry during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, played an important role in the formation of contemporary notions of elite masculinity. 0Examining testimony as written by Grand Tourists, tutors and their families, Goldsmith demonstrates that the Grand Tour educated elite young men in a wide variety of skills, virtues and masculine behaviours that extended well beyond polite society. She argues that dangerous experiences were far more central to the Tour as a means of constructing Britain's next generation of leaders than has previously been examined. Influenced by aristocratic concepts of honour and inspired by military leadership, elites viewed experiences of danger and hardship as powerfully transformative and therefore as central to the process of constructing masculinity.0Far from viewing danger as a disruptive force, Grand Tourists willingly tackled a variety of social, geographical and physical perils, gambling their way through treacherous landscapes; scaling mountains, volcanoes and glaciers; and encountering war and disease. Through the study of danger, Goldsmith offers a revision of eighteenth-century elite masculine culture and the critical role the Grand Tour played within this.

Then in Section 4 we see a relatively new trend in pro Even on "A Grand Tour" one cannot afford to visit gramming languages, the abstract data type. The lan all of the interesting spots. So too with an anthology on guages CLU and Euclid were designed (in part) to in programming languages, I could not afford to include corporate this concept of good software design into a all of the interesting articles. The arena of program programming language. Both languages are imple ming languages is a marvelously rich and diverse field. mented and are actively being used. Another major The objective of this work is to present an organized trend in programming languages today is the notion of collection of readable articles and language reference concurrent execution which is the subject of Section S. materials for the student of programming languages. Advances in hardware have made this concept a reality. My original purpose in creating this book was to use it Now we are beginning to see how programming lan for a university course on programming languages. guages are adapting to the need to express concurrency. Since then I've discovered that professional computer Concurrent-Pascal is one such language which takes scientists will also find it useful and entertaining.