Lattice Based Public Key Cryptography In Hardware

This book describes the efficient implementation of public-key cryptography (PKC) to address the security challenges of massive amounts of information generated by the vast network of connected devices, ranging from tiny Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags to powerful desktop computers. It investigates implementation aspects of post quantum PKC and homomorphic encryption schemes whose security is based on the hardness of the ring-learning with error (LWE) problem. The work includes designing an FPGA-based accelerator to speed up computation on encrypted data in the cloud computer. It also proposes a more practical scheme that uses a special module called recryption box to assist homomorphic function evaluation, roughly 20 times faster than the implementation without this module.

This book focuses on lattice-based cryptosystems, widely considered to be one of the most promising post-quantum cryptosystems and provides fundamental insights into how to construct provably secure cryptosystems from hard lattice problems. The concept of provable security is used to inform the choice of lattice tool for designing cryptosystems, including public-key encryption, identity-based encryption, attribute-based encryption, key change and digital signatures. Given its depth of coverage, the book especially appeals to graduate students and young researchers who plan to enter this research area.

Lattice-based cryptography is a promising post-quantum cryptographic approach that can withstand potential attacks from future quantum computers. This book will introduce the theoretical mathematics that underpins lattice-based cryptography, such as the hard problems based on lattices upon which the security of lattice-based cryptosystems rely. It will provide examples of how these hard problems can be used to build basic lattice-based cryptographic primitives, namely encryption, digital signatures and key exchange, in addition to more advanced primitives such as identity-based encryption (IBE), attribute-based encryption (ABE) and hierarchical identity-based encryption (HIBE). Subsequently, the practical aspects of designing efficient and robust lattice-based cryptosystems in both hardware and software will be detailed. The resilience of lattice-based implementations to physical attacks will be discussed in addition to appropriate countermeasures that can be integrated into implementations to defend against such attacks. Finally, three case studies will be described to illustrate how lattice-based cryptography can be successfully embedded into real-world scenarios.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Workshop on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, CHES 2015, held in Saint Malo, France, in September 2015. The 34 full papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 128 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: processing techniques in side-channel analysis; cryptographic hardware implementations; homomorphic encryption in hardware; side-channel attacks on public key cryptography; cipher design and cryptanalysis; true random number generators and entropy estimations; side-channel analysis and fault injection attacks; higher-order side-channel attacks; physically unclonable functions and hardware trojans; side-channel attacks in practice; and lattice-based implementations.

The two-volume set LNCS 10769 and 10770 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 21st IACR International Conference on the Practice and Theory of Public-Key Cryptography, PKC 2018, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in March 2018. The 49 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 186 submissions. They are organized in topical sections such as Key-Dependent-Message and Selective-Opening Security; Searchable and Fully Homomorphic Encryption; Public-Key Encryption; Encryption with Bad Randomness; Subversion Resistance; Cryptanalysis; Composable Security; Oblivious Transfer; Multiparty Computation; Signatures; Structure-Preserving Signatures; Functional Encryption; Foundations; Obfuscation-Based Cryptographic Constructions; Protocols; Blockchain; Zero-Knowledge; Lattices.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Practice and Theory in Public-Key Cryptography, PKC 2015, held in Gaithersburg, MD, USA, in March/April 2015. The 36 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 118 submissions. They are organized in topical sections named: public-key encryption; e-cash; cryptanalysis; digital signatures; password-based authentication; pairint-based cryptography; efficient constructions; cryptography with imperfect keys; interactive proofs; lattice-based cryptography; and identity-based, predicate, and functional encryption.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, CHES 2014, held in Busan, South Korea, in September 2014. The 33 full papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 127 submissions. They are organized in topical sections named: side-channel attacks; new attacks and constructions; countermeasures; algorithm specific SCA; ECC implementations; implementations; hardware implementations of symmetric cryptosystems; PUFs; and RNGs and SCA issues in hardware.

This Special Issue provides an opportunity for researchers in the area of side-channel attacks (SCAs) to highlight the most recent exciting technologies. The research papers published in this Special Issue represent recent progress in the field, including research on power analysis attacks, cache-based timing attacks, system-level countermeasures, and so on.