Learning Go

Go is rapidly becoming the preferred language for building web services. While there are plenty of tutorials available that teach Go's syntax to developers with experience in other programming languages, tutorials aren't enough. They don't teach Go's idioms, so developers end up recreating patterns that don't make sense in a Go context. This practical guide provides the essential background you need to write clear and idiomatic Go. No matter your level of experience, you'll learn how to think like a Go developer. Author Jon Bodner introduces the design patterns experienced Go developers have adopted and explores the rationale for using them. You'll also get a preview of Go's upcoming generics support and how it fits into the language. Learn how to write idiomatic code in Go and design a Go project Understand the reasons for the design decisions in Go Set up a Go development environment for a solo developer or team Learn how and when to use reflection, unsafe, and cgo Discover how Go's features allow the language to run efficiently Know which Go features you should use sparingly or not at all

The Go Programming Language is the authoritative resource for any programmer who wants to learn Go. It shows how to write clear and idiomatic Go to solve real-world problems. The book does not assume prior knowledge of Go nor experience with any specific language, so you’ll find it accessible whether you’re most comfortable with JavaScript, Ruby, Python, Java, or C++. The first chapter is a tutorial on the basic concepts of Go, introduced through programs for file I/O and text processing, simple graphics, and web clients and servers. Early chapters cover the structural elements of Go programs: syntax, control flow, data types, and the organization of a program into packages, files, and functions. The examples illustrate many packages from the standard library and show how to create new ones of your own. Later chapters explain the package mechanism in more detail, and how to build, test, and maintain projects using the go tool. The chapters on methods and interfaces introduce Go’s unconventional approach to object-oriented programming, in which methods can be declared on any type and interfaces are implicitly satisfied. They explain the key principles of encapsulation, composition, and substitutability using realistic examples. Two chapters on concurrency present in-depth approaches to this increasingly important topic. The first, which covers the basic mechanisms of goroutines and channels, illustrates the style known as communicating sequential processes for which Go is renowned. The second covers more traditional aspects of concurrency with shared variables. These chapters provide a solid foundation for programmers encountering concurrency for the first time. The final two chapters explore lower-level features of Go. One covers the art of metaprogramming using reflection. The other shows how to use the unsafe package to step outside the type system for special situations, and how to use the cgo tool to create Go bindings for C libraries. The book features hundreds of interesting and practical examples of well-written Go code that cover the whole language, its most important packages, and a wide range of applications. Each chapter has exercises to test your understanding and explore extensions and alternatives. Source code is freely available for download from http://gopl.io/ and may be conveniently fetched, built, and installed using the go get command.

An insightful guide to learning the Go programming language About This Book Insightful coverage of Go programming syntax, constructs, and idioms to help you understand Go code effectively Push your Go skills, with topics such as, data types, channels, concurrency, object-oriented Go, testing, and network programming Each chapter provides working code samples that are designed to help reader quickly understand respective topic Who This Book Is For If you have prior exposure to programming and are interested in learning the Go programming language, this book is designed for you. It will quickly run you through the basics of programming to let you exploit a number of features offered by Go programming language. What You Will Learn Install and configure the Go development environment to quickly get started with your first program. Use the basic elements of the language including source code structure, variables, constants, and control flow primitives to quickly get started with Go Gain practical insight into the use of Go's type system including basic and composite types such as maps, slices, and structs. Use interface types and techniques such as embedding to create idiomatic object-oriented programs in Go. Develop effective functions that are encapsulated in well-organized package structures with support for error handling and panic recovery. Implement goroutine, channels, and other concurrency primitives to write highly-concurrent and safe Go code Write tested and benchmarked code using Go's built test tools Access OS resources by calling C libraries and interact with program environment at runtime In Detail The Go programming language has firmly established itself as a favorite for building complex and scalable system applications. Go offers a direct and practical approach to programming that let programmers write correct and predictable code using concurrency idioms and a full-featured standard library. This is a step-by-step, practical guide full of real world examples to help you get started with Go in no time at all. We start off by understanding the fundamentals of Go, followed by a detailed description of the Go data types, program structures and Maps. After this, you learn how to use Go concurrency idioms to avoid pitfalls and create programs that are exact in expected behavior. Next, you will be familiarized with the tools and libraries that are available in Go for writing and exercising tests, benchmarking, and code coverage. Finally, you will be able to utilize some of the most important features of GO such as, Network Programming and OS integration to build efficient applications. All the concepts are explained in a crisp and concise manner and by the end of this book; you would be able to create highly efficient programs that you can deploy over cloud. Style and approach The book is written to serve as a reader-friendly step-by-step guide to learning the Go programming language. Each topic is sequentially introduced to build on previous materials covered. Every concept is introduced with easy-to-follow code examples that focus on maximizing the understanding of the topic at hand.

Summary Deep Learning and the Game of Go teaches you how to apply the power of deep learning to complex reasoning tasks by building a Go-playing AI. After exposing you to the foundations of machine and deep learning, you'll use Python to build a bot and then teach it the rules of the game. Foreword by Thore Graepel, DeepMind Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About the Technology The ancient strategy game of Go is an incredible case study for AI. In 2016, a deep learning-based system shocked the Go world by defeating a world champion. Shortly after that, the upgraded AlphaGo Zero crushed the original bot by using deep reinforcement learning to master the game. Now, you can learn those same deep learning techniques by building your own Go bot! About the Book Deep Learning and the Game of Go introduces deep learning by teaching you to build a Go-winning bot. As you progress, you'll apply increasingly complex training techniques and strategies using the Python deep learning library Keras. You'll enjoy watching your bot master the game of Go, and along the way, you'll discover how to apply your new deep learning skills to a wide range of other scenarios! What's inside Build and teach a self-improving game AI Enhance classical game AI systems with deep learning Implement neural networks for deep learning About the Reader All you need are basic Python skills and high school-level math. No deep learning experience required. About the Author Max Pumperla and Kevin Ferguson are experienced deep learning specialists skilled in distributed systems and data science. Together, Max and Kevin built the open source bot BetaGo. Table of Contents PART 1 - FOUNDATIONS Toward deep learning: a machine-learning introduction Go as a machine-learning problem Implementing your first Go bot PART 2 - MACHINE LEARNING AND GAME AI Playing games with tree search Getting started with neural networks Designing a neural network for Go data Learning from data: a deep-learning bot Deploying bots in the wild Learning by practice: reinforcement learning Reinforcement learning with policy gradients Reinforcement learning with value methods Reinforcement learning with actor-critic methods PART 3 - GREATER THAN THE SUM OF ITS PARTS AlphaGo: Bringing it all together AlphaGo Zero: Integrating tree search with reinforcement learning

Apply modern deep learning techniques to build and train deep neural networks using Gorgonia Key FeaturesGain a practical understanding of deep learning using GolangBuild complex neural network models using Go libraries and GorgoniaTake your deep learning model from design to deployment with this handy guideBook Description Go is an open source programming language designed by Google for handling large-scale projects efficiently. The Go ecosystem comprises some really powerful deep learning tools such as DQN and CUDA. With this book, you'll be able to use these tools to train and deploy scalable deep learning models from scratch. This deep learning book begins by introducing you to a variety of tools and libraries available in Go. It then takes you through building neural networks, including activation functions and the learning algorithms that make neural networks tick. In addition to this, you'll learn how to build advanced architectures such as autoencoders, restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs), convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and more. You'll also understand how you can scale model deployments on the AWS cloud infrastructure for training and inference. By the end of this book, you'll have mastered the art of building, training, and deploying deep learning models in Go to solve real-world problems. What you will learnExplore the Go ecosystem of libraries and communities for deep learningGet to grips with Neural Networks, their history, and how they workDesign and implement Deep Neural Networks in GoGet a strong foundation of concepts such as Backpropagation and MomentumBuild Variational Autoencoders and Restricted Boltzmann Machines using GoBuild models with CUDA and benchmark CPU and GPU modelsWho this book is for This book is for data scientists, machine learning engineers, and AI developers who want to build state-of-the-art deep learning models using Go. Familiarity with basic machine learning concepts and Go programming is required to get the best out of this book.

Function literals, Monads, Lazy evaluation, Currying, and more About This Book Write concise and maintainable code with streams and high-order functions Understand the benefits of currying your Golang functions Learn the most effective design patterns for functional programming and learn when to apply each of them Build distributed MapReduce solutions using Go Who This Book Is For This book is for Golang developers comfortable with OOP and interested in learning how to apply the functional paradigm to create robust and testable apps. Prior programming experience with Go would be helpful, but not mandatory. What You Will Learn Learn how to compose reliable applications using high-order functions Explore techniques to eliminate side-effects using FP techniques such as currying Use first-class functions to implement pure functions Understand how to implement a lambda expression in Go Compose a working application using the decorator pattern Create faster programs using lazy evaluation Use Go concurrency constructs to compose a functionality pipeline Understand category theory and what it has to do with FP In Detail Functional programming is a popular programming paradigm that is used to simplify many tasks and will help you write flexible and succinct code. It allows you to decompose your programs into smaller, highly reusable components, without applying conceptual restraints on how the software should be modularized. This book bridges the language gap for Golang developers by showing you how to create and consume functional constructs in Golang. The book is divided into four modules. The first module explains the functional style of programming; pure functional programming (FP), manipulating collections, and using high-order functions. In the second module, you will learn design patterns that you can use to build FP-style applications. In the next module, you will learn FP techniques that you can use to improve your API signatures, to increase performance, and to build better Cloud-native applications. The last module delves into the underpinnings of FP with an introduction to category theory for software developers to give you a real understanding of what pure functional programming is all about, along with applicable code examples. By the end of the book, you will be adept at building applications the functional way. Style and approach This book takes a pragmatic approach and shows you techniques to write better functional constructs in Golang. We'll also show you how use these concepts to build robust and testable apps.

Summary Get Programming with Go introduces you to the powerful Go language without confusing jargon or high-level theory. By working through 32 quick-fire lessons, you'll quickly pick up the basics of the innovative Go programming language! Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About the Technology Go is a small programming language designed by Google to tackle big problems. Large projects mean large teams with people of varying levels of experience. Go offers a small, yet capable, language that can be understood and used by anyone, no matter their experience. About the Book Hobbyists, newcomers, and professionals alike can benefit from a fast, modern language; all you need is the right resource! Get Programming with Go provides a hands-on introduction to Go language fundamentals, serving as a solid foundation for your future programming projects. You'll master Go syntax, work with types and functions, and explore bigger ideas like state and concurrency, with plenty of exercises to lock in what you learn. What's inside Language concepts like slices, interfaces, pointers, and concurrency Seven capstone projects featuring spacefaring gophers, Mars rovers, ciphers, and simulations All examples run in the Go Playground - no installation required! About the Reader This book is for anyone familiar with computer programming, as well as anyone with the desire to learn. About the Author Nathan Youngman organizes the Edmonton Go meetup and is a mentor with Canada Learning Code. Roger Peppé contributes to Go and runs the Newcastle upon Tyne Go meetup. Table of Contents Unit 0 - GETTING STARTED Get ready, get set, Go Unit 1 - IMPERATIVE PROGRAMMING A glorified calculator Loops and branches Variable scope Capstone: Ticket to Mars Unit 2 - TYPES Real numbers Whole numbers Big numbers Multilingual text Converting between types Capstone: The Vigenère cipher Unit 3 - BUILDING BLOCKS Functions Methods First-class functions Capstone: Temperature tables Unit 4 - COLLECTIONS Arrayed in splendor Slices: Windows into arrays A bigger slice The ever-versatile map Capstone: A slice of life Unit 5 - STATE AND BEHAVIOR A little structure Go's got no class Composition and forwarding Interfaces Capstone: Martian animal sanctuary Unit 6 - DOWN THE GOPHER HOLE A few pointers Much ado about nil To err is human Capstone: Sudoku rules Unit 7 - CONCURRENT PROGRAMMING Goroutines and concurrency Concurrent state Capstone: Life on Mars

Build real-world, production-ready solutions in Go using cutting-edge technology and techniques About This Book Get up to date with Go and write code capable of delivering massive world-class scale performance and availability Learn to apply the nuances of the Go language, and get to know the open source community that surrounds it to implement a wide range of start-up quality projects Write interesting and clever but simple code, and learn skills and techniques that are directly transferrable to your own projects Who This Book Is For If you are familiar with Go and are want to put your knowledge to work, then this is the book for you. Go programming knowledge is a must. What You Will Learn Build quirky and fun projects from scratch while exploring patterns, practices, and techniques, as well as a range of different technologies Create websites and data services capable of massive scale using Go's net/http package, exploring RESTful patterns as well as low-latency WebSocket APIs Interact with a variety of remote web services to consume capabilities ranging from authentication and authorization to a fully functioning thesaurus Develop high-quality command-line tools that utilize the powerful shell capabilities and perform well using Go's in-built concurrency mechanisms Build microservices for larger organizations using the Go Kit library Implement a modern document database as well as high-throughput messaging queue technology to put together an architecture that is truly ready to scale Write concurrent programs and gracefully manage the execution of them and communication by smartly using channels Get a feel for app deployment using Docker and Google App Engine In Detail Go is the language of the Internet age, and the latest version of Go comes with major architectural changes. Implementation of the language, runtime, and libraries has changed significantly. The compiler and runtime are now written entirely in Go. The garbage collector is now concurrent and provides dramatically lower pause times by running in parallel with other Go routines when possible. This book will show you how to leverage all the latest features and much more. This book shows you how to build powerful systems and drops you into real-world situations. You will learn to develop high-quality command-line tools that utilize the powerful shell capabilities and perform well using Go's in-built concurrency mechanisms. Scale, performance, and high availability lie at the heart of our projects, and the lessons learned throughout this book will arm you with everything you need to build world-class solutions. You will get a feel for app deployment using Docker and Google App Engine. Each project could form the basis of a start-up, which means they are directly applicable to modern software markets. Style and approach This book provides fun projects that involve building applications from scratch. These projects will teach you to build chat applications, a distributed system, and a recommendation system.