Lipids In Human Nutrition

Dietary fats and carbohydrates represent some eighty to ninety percent of food energy uptake in man; fatty acids play a critical role in human development, health and disease. In affluent populations high fat consumption contributes to heart disease, obesity and type II diabetes mellitus, while in non-affluent groups, the generally poor nutritional state found in young children can be partially attributed to a low fat intake. This book reviews our current understanding of essential fatty acids and their role in human nutrition. The topics addressed include the analysis of dietary fatty acids, dietary fats and fish oils in health and in the prevention of heart disease, linoleic acid in the treatment of diabetes, and the role of essential fatty acids in early human development.

Throughout its history, medicine has benefited from scientific discov eries made in complementary fields such as chemistry, physics and biology. Thus, in the middle of the last century, the works of Pasteur, a chemist and biologist, by revealing the world of micro-organisms, bacteria and viruses, made it possible to control a considerable number of often fatal diseases. Guided by the work of this inspired biologist, the English surgeon, Sir Joseph Lister, developed aseptic techniques which have rendered possible the spectacular achievements of modern surgery. It is largely due to such advances that the life-expectancy of man, 50 years at the turn of the century (1900), approaches 75 years in 1981. Even today, however, in spite of this, two groups of ailments, arter iosclerosis and cancer, are responsible for 70 per cent of human deaths both in Canada and in the United States of America. The former is a degenerative process of the arterial system, the latter an uncontrolled and destructive cellular proliferation. Although several predisposing factors are known, the essential cause of these conditions is wholly unknown. As long as this ignorance of the etiology persists, all forms of therapy can be no more than palliative.

The Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition is a concise reference for professionals and students interested in the role of lipids in nutrition. Over 100 tables and illustrations provide quick access to the most current data available.

Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.

Functional Dietary Lipids: Food Formulation, Consumer Issues and Innovation for Health discusses this important component of the human diet and the ways it plays an essential functional role in many foods. The book covers the functionality and nutritional benefits of dietary fat in food in terms of formulation, manufacturing, and innovation for health. After an introduction by the editor reviewing the role of fats in the human diet, the book discusses the chemistry of edible fats, manufacturing issues, including the replacement of trans-fatty acids in food, fat reformulation for calorie reduction, thermal stability of fats, and the flavor and functional texture and melting characteristics of fats in food. Subsequent chapters address the effect of dietary lipid intake on various health issues and the potential health benefits of bioactive compounds in dietary lipids, with final sections discussing issues that affect the consumer relationship with fat, such as regulation, marketing, and health claims. Comprehensively examines the functionality and nutritional benefits of dietary fat in food Discusses the chemistry of edible fats, manufacturing issues, including the replacement of trans fatty acids in food, fat reformulation for calorie reduction, thermal stability of fats, and more Considers manufacturing issues of dietary fat in foods Addresses issues affecting the consumer relationship with fat, such as regulation, marketing, and health claims

Handbook of Lipids in Human Function: Fatty Acids presents current research relating to health issues whose impact may be modified by adopting personalized diets and lifestyle interventions of the consumption of fatty acids. Addressing cardiovascular and neurological diseases as well as cancer, obesity, inflammatory conditions, and lung disease, the authors correlate lipid sources with specific conditions, providing important insights into preventative as well as response-based actions designed to positively impact health outcomes. The material is presented in 29 chapters and brings together the research and work of an international team of experts. designed to bridge the gap between traditional approaches to dietary interventions and leading edge integrated health strategies, Handbook of Lipids in Human Function: Fatty Acids is a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians.

Les substances lipidiques ont longtemps été négligées par les physiologistes, mais des recherches épidémiologiques les ont récemment portées sur le devant de la scène, notamment au travers de leur intérêt dans les domaines de la nutrition et surtout de la santé chez l’Homme. Outre leur importance énergétique, les lipides interviennent dans de nombreux mécanismes cellulaires dont les dérèglements peuvent conduire à des pathologies parfois graves. En effet, en plus de leur impact sur les maladies métaboliques, les systèmes cardiovasculaire et immunitaire et les processus de cancérisation, le système nerveux central peut lui aussi être altéré à des degrés divers par une carence ou un déséquilibre entre les constituants lipidiques ingérés. Après quelques rappels historiques sur la découverte des lipides et leur utilisation, une première partie décrit les principaux lipides présents dans notre ration alimentaire. Puis, les besoins avérés ou éventuels de l’Homme en divers acides gras, stérols et vitamines appartenant au groupe des lipides, sont passés en revue. Enfin, l’impact des principaux lipides sur des pathologies naguère encore peu explorées sous cet aspect est exposé en détail. Les lipides – Nutrition et santé présente, de façon synthétique, un très large panorama de toutes les facettes des lipides, des acides gras aux corps gras les moins abondants, mais tout aussi importants pour l’équilibre de notre organisme. Il permet aux spécialistes de revisiter les principales sources de lipides présentes dans notre alimentation en insistant sur leur production et leur composition. Cet ouvrage s’adresse aux chercheurs, médecins généralistes et spécialistes, diététiciens et étudiants évoluant dans de nombreux domaines tels que la biologie cellulaire, la nutrition ou encore la pharmacologie.