Local Activity Principle The Cause Of Complexity And Symmetry Breaking

The principle of local activity explains the emergence of complex patterns in a homogeneous medium. At first defined in the theory of nonlinear electronic circuits in a mathematically rigorous way, it can be generalized and proven at least for the class of nonlinear reactionOCodiffusion systems in physics, chemistry, biology, and brain research. Recently, it was realized by memristors for nanoelectronic device applications. In general, the emergence of complex patterns and structures is explained by symmetry breaking in homogeneous media, which is caused by local activity. This book argues that the principle of local activity is really fundamental in science, and can even be identified in quantum cosmology as symmetry breaking of local gauge symmetries generating the complexity of matter and forces in our universe. Applications are considered in economic, financial, and social systems with the emergence of equilibrium states, symmetry breaking at critical points of phase transitions and risky acting at the edge of chaos.

The principle of local activity explains the emergence of complex patterns in a homogeneous medium. At first defined in the theory of nonlinear electronic circuits in a mathematically rigorous way, it can be generalized and proven at least for the class of nonlinear reaction-diffusion systems in physics, chemistry, biology, and brain research. Recently, it was realized by memristors for nanoelectronic device applications. In general, the emergence of complex patterns and structures is explained by symmetry breaking in homogeneous media, which is caused by local activity. This book argues that the principle of local activity is really fundamental in science, and can even be identified in quantum cosmology as symmetry breaking of local gauge symmetries generating the complexity of matter and forces in our universe. Applications are considered in economic, financial, and social systems with the emergence of equilibrium states, symmetry breaking at critical points of phase transitions and risky acting at the edge of chaos./a

This invaluable book is a unique collection of tributes to outstanding discoveries pioneered by Leon Chua in nonlinear circuits, cellular neural networks, and chaos. It is comprised of three parts. The first — cellular nonlinear networks, nonlinear circuits and cellular automata — deals with Chua's Lagrangian circuits, cellular wave computers, bio-inspired robotics and neuro-morphic architectures, toroidal chaos, synaptic cellular automata, history of Chua's circuits, cardiac arrhythmias, local activity principle, symmetry breaking and complexity, bifurcation trees, and Chua's views on nonlinear dynamics of cellular automata. Dynamical systems and chaos is the scope of the second part of the book, where we find genius accounts on theory and application of Julia set, stability of dynamical networks, chaotic neural networks and neocortical dynamics, dynamics of piecewise linear systems, chaotic mathematical circuitry, synchronization of oscillators, models of catastrophic events, control of chaotic systems, symbolic dynamics, and solitons. First hand accounts on the discovery of memristors in HP Labs, historical excursions into ‘ancient memristors’, analytical analysis of memristors, and hardware memristor emulators are presented in the third and final part of the book. The book is quintessence of ideas on future and emergent hardware, analytic theories of complex dynamical systems and interdisciplinary physics. It is a true Renaissance volume where bright ideas of electronics, mathematics and physics enlighten facets of modern science. The unique DVD covers the artistic aspects of chaos, such as several stunningly melodious musical compositions using chaotic atttractors, a virtual gallery of hundreds of colorful attractors, and even a cartoon-like play on the genesis of Chua's circuit that was based on a widely acclaimed performance in Rome and other venues in Italy. In short, it is a veritable kaleiscope of never-before-published historical, pedagogical, and futuristic technical visions on three timely topics of intense interest for both lay readers and experts alike. Contents:Cellular Nonlinear Networks, Nonlinear Circuits and Cellular Automata:Genealogy of Chua's Circuit (Peter Kennedy)Impasse Points, Mutators, and Other Chua Creations (Hyongsuk Kim)Chua's Lagrangian Circuit Elements (Orla Feely)From CNN Dynamics to Cellular Wave Computers (Tamas Roska)Contributions of CNN to Bio-Robotics and Brain Science (Paolo Arena and Luca Patané)From Radio-amateurs' Electronics to Toroidal Chaos (Otto E Rössler and Christophe Letellier)Analyzing the Dynamics of Excitatory Neural Networks by Synaptic Cellular Automata (V Nekorkin, A Dmitrichev, D Kasatkin and V Afraimovich)Dynamical Systems Perspective of Wolfram's Cellular Automata (M Courbage and B Kamińki)The Genesis of Chua's Circuit: Connecting Science, Art and Creativity (Francesca Bertacchini, Eleonora Bilotta, Giuseppe Laria and Pietro Pantano)Nonlinear Electronics Laboratory (NOEL): A Reminiscence (Chai Wah Wu)Bursting in Cellular Automata and Cardiac Arrhythmias (Gil Bub, Alvin Shrier and Leon Glass)Local Activity Principle: The Cause of Complexity and Symmetry Breaking (Klaus Mainzer)Explorations in the Forest of Bifurcation Trees: Route from Chua's Circuit to Chua's Memristive Oscillator (Łukasz Czerwiński and Maciej J Ogorzałek)Chua's Nonlinear Dynamics Perspective Cellular Automata (Giovanni E Pazienza)Application of CNN to Brainlike Computing (Bertram E Shi)Ideal Turbulence Phenomenon and Transmission Line with Chua's Diode (E Yu Romanenko and A N Sharkovsky)Chaos in Electronic Circuits: Chua's Contribution (1980–2000) (Christophe Letellier)Dynamical Systems and Chaos:Connectivity of Julia Sets for Singularly Perturbed Rational Maps (Robert L Devaney and Elizabeth D Russell)Structural Transformations and Stability of Dynamical Networks (L A Bunimovich and B Z Webb)Chua's Time (Arturo Buscarino, Luigi Fortuna and Mattia Frasca)Chaotic Neural Networks and Beyond (Kazuyuki Aihara, Taiji Yamada and Makito Oku)Chaotic Neocritical Dynamics (Walter J Freeman)Nonlinear Dynamics of a Class of Piecewise Linear Systems (M Lakshmanan and K Murali)Chaotic Mathematical Circuitry (R Lozi)Chua's Equation was Proved to be Chaotic in Two Years, Lorenz Equation in Thirty Six Years (Bharathwaj Muthuswamy)Toward a Quantitative Formulation of Emergence (G Nicolis)Controlled Synchronization of Chaotic Oscillators with Huygens' Coupling (J Peńa-Ramírez, R H B Fey and H Nijmeijer)Using Time-Delay Feedback for Control and Synchronization of Dynamical Systems (Kestutis Pyragas, Viktoras Pyragas and Tatjana Pyragiene)Models of Catastrophic Events and Suggestions to Foretell Them (Yves Pomeau and Martine Le Berre)Synchronization Propensity in Networks of Dynamical Systems: A Purely Topological Indicator (Stefano Fasani and Sergio Rinaldi)Further Progress in Partial Control of Chaotic Systems (Juan Sabuco, Miguel Sanjuan and Samuel Zambrano)Phase and Complete Synchronizations in Time-Delay Systems (D V Senthilkumar, M Manju Shrii and J Kurths)Symbolic Dynamics and Spiral Structures due to the Saddle-Focus Bifurcations (Andrey Shilnikov, Leonid Shilnikov and Roberto Barrio)Dynamics of Periodically Forced Mass Point on Constrained Surface with Changing Curvature (Yoshisuke Ueda)Solitons for Describing 3-D Physical Reality: The Current Frontier (Paul J Werbos)Thermal Solitons in 1D and 2D Anharmonic Lattices — Solectrons and the Organization of Non-Linear Fluctuations in Long-Living Dynamical Structures (M G Velarde, W Ebeling and A P Chetverikov)Global Optimizations by Intermittent Diffusion (Shui-Nee Chow, Tzi-Sheng Yang and Hao-Min Zhou)Memristors:How We Found the Missing Memristor (R Stanley Williams)Aftermath of Finding the Memristor (R Stanley Williams)The Singing Arc: The Oldest Memristor? (Jean-Marc Ginoux and Bruno Rossetto)Two Centuries of Memristors (Themistoklis Prodromakis)State Equations for Active Circuits with Memristors (Martin Hasler)Analytical Analysis of Memristive Networks (Torsten Schmidt, Willi Neudeck, Ute Feldmann and Ronald Tetzlaff)Hardware Memristor Emulators (Andrew L Fitch, Herbert H C Iu and Chi K Tse)Leon Chua's Memristor (Guanrong Chen) Readership: Graduate students, researchers and academics in all engineering disciplines as well as historians of science. Keywords:Memristors;CNN;Chaos;Dynamical SystemsKey Features:Unique personality of Leon Chua and enormity of his achievements underpins the structure of the bookConglomerate of hot topics: memristors, chaos, computationalOriginal papers from renown scholars and researchers as well as numerous tutorials and historical expositions on each of the topicsHigh pedagogical value makes the book a timeless referenceReviews: "It is a veritable kaleidoscope of never-before-published historical, pedagogical, and futuristic technical visions on three timely topics of intense interest for both lay readers and experts alike." Zentralblatt MATH

This book is based on the outcome of the “2012 Interdisciplinary Symposium on Complex Systems” held at the island of Kos. The book consists of 12 selected papers of the symposium starting with a comprehensive overview and classification of complexity problems, continuing by chapters about complexity, its observation, modeling and its applications to solving various problems including real-life applications. More exactly, readers will have an encounter with the structural complexity of vortex flows, the use of chaotic dynamics within evolutionary algorithms, complexity in synthetic biology, types of complexity hidden inside evolutionary dynamics and possible controlling methods, complexity of rugged landscapes, and more. All selected papers represent innovative ideas, philosophical overviews and state-of-the-art discussions on aspects of complexity. The book will be useful as instructional material for senior undergraduate and entry-level graduate students in computer science, physics, applied mathematics and engineering-type work in the area of complexity. The book will also be valuable as a resource of knowledge for practitioners who want to apply complexity to solve real-life problems in their own challenging applications. The authors and editors hope that readers will be inspired to do their own experiments and simulations, based on information reported in this book, thereby moving beyond the scope of the book.

Complexity occurs in biological and synthetic systems alike. This general phenomenon has been addressed in recent publications by investigators in disciplines ranging from chemistry and biology to psychology and philosophy. Studies of complexity for molecular scientists have focussed on breaking symmetry, dissipative processes, and emergence. Investigators in the social and medical sciences have focused on neurophenomenology, cognitive approaches and self-consciousness. Complexity in both structure and function is inherent in many scientific disciplines of current significance and also in technologies of current importance that are rapidly evolving to address global societal needs. Several of these multifaceted scientific disciplines are addressed in this book including complexity from the general and philosophical perspective, magnetic phenomena, control of self assembly and function in large multicomponent clusters, application of theory to probe structure and mechanism in highly complex molecular species, and the design of multifunctional nanoscale molecules of value in decontamination and solar fuels research. Each chapter is both a review and addresses some ongoing challenges, thus each should provide a good preparation for further work in these highly active areas of research endeavour.

This Handbook presents all aspects of memristor networks in an easy to read and tutorial style. Including many colour illustrations, it covers the foundations of memristor theory and applications, the technology of memristive devices, revised models of the Hodgkin-Huxley Equations and ion channels, neuromorphic architectures, and analyses of the dynamic behaviour of memristive networks. It also shows how to realise computing devices, non-von Neumann architectures and provides future building blocks for deep learning hardware. With contributions from leaders in computer science, mathematics, electronics, physics, material science and engineering, the book offers an indispensable source of information and an inspiring reference text for future generations of computer scientists, mathematicians, physicists, material scientists and engineers working in this dynamic field.

This book gathers the peer-reviewed proceedings of the 12th Annual Meeting of the Bulgarian Section of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, BGSIAM’17, held in Sofia, Bulgaria, in December 2017. The general theme of BGSIAM’17 was industrial and applied mathematics, with a particular focus on: high-performance computing, numerical methods and algorithms, analysis of partial differential equations and their applications, mathematical biology, control and uncertain systems, stochastic models, molecular dynamics, neural networks, genetic algorithms, metaheuristics for optimization problems, generalized nets, and Big Data.