Lower Extremity Arterial Disease

A comprehensive review the state-of-the-art in atherosclerosis of the arteries of the legs and feet. The authors discuss in detail the primary symptom-claudication-an intermittent pain in the leg or foot while walking, its predisposing factors, the current diagnostic methodologies, the impressive advances in the therapeutic armamentarium, and the need to screen for co-existing coronary artery disease. Additional chapters describe cutting-edge noninvasive angiography and vascular flow studies, specific drug therapy for claudication, regression of atherosclerosis therapy, gene therapy, and drug eluting stents for peripheral arterial disease. The authors also examine the epidemiology of LEAD, the effects of smoking and effective smoking cessation programs, its pathogenesis and its association with lipid abnormalities and hypertension, aggressive risk factor modification, and the need to measure the ankle brachial index of every patient over 45.

The Social Security Administration (SSA) uses a screening tool called the Listing of Impairments to identify claimants who are so severely impaired that they cannot work at all and thus immediately qualify for benefits. In this report, the IOM makes several recommendations for improving SSA's capacity to determine disability benefits more quickly and efficiently using the Listings.

Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related conditions cause more than 40 percent of all deaths globally, and their substantial burden is rising, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Their burden extends well beyond health effects to include significant economic and societal consequences. Most of these conditions are related, share risk factors, and have common control measures at the clinical, population, and policy levels. Lives can be extended and improved when these diseases are prevented, detected, and managed. This volume summarizes current knowledge and presents evidence-based interventions that are effective, cost-effective, and scalable in LMICs.

This open access book focuses on diagnostic and interventional imaging of the chest, breast, heart, and vessels. It consists of a remarkable collection of contributions authored by internationally respected experts, featuring the most recent diagnostic developments and technological advances with a highly didactical approach. The chapters are disease-oriented and cover all the relevant imaging modalities, including standard radiography, CT, nuclear medicine with PET, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, as well as imaging-guided interventions. As such, it presents a comprehensive review of current knowledge on imaging of the heart and chest, as well as thoracic interventions and a selection of "hot topics". The book is intended for radiologists, however, it is also of interest to clinicians in oncology, cardiology, and pulmonology.

Understanding tibio-peroneal occlusive disease and its management is vital in treating patients with peripheral vascular disease. Occlusive disease and the resulting ischemia threaten the viability of the lower limb, particularly in diabetics. Edited by widely-respected vascular surgeon Anton N. Sidawy, this textbook explores all aspects of tibio-peroneal disease, including pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and management of the lower extremity after adequate circulation is restored. It examines risk factors, disease distribution, and general management issues connected with diabetic patients, as well as adjuvant chemotherapy to improve patency of prosthetic bypasses, thrombolytic therapy for failed bypasses, wound healing, and amputations of the foot and leg.

Structural and functional abnormalities of arteries and veinsmanifest clinically in a broad spectrum of disorders, includinganeurysmal disease, atherosclerosis, vasculitis, venousinsufficiency, microvascular complications, thrombo-embolism andlower limb ulceration. Many of these are common and/orchronic conditions which present for initial assessment by primaryhealth care workers. This new edition is a practical guide to the most commonlypresenting disorders, and provides a structured approach toclinical assessment, investigations and management. The lastfew years have seen major changes in the use of non-invasive orminimally-invasive techniques, e.g wider use of CT and MRangiography, and increasing use of percutaneous interventions forcarotid, lower limb and reno-vascular disease. The ABC of Arterial and Venous Disease (Second Edition)explains the underlying technology and the applications of newminimally-invasive methods, especially CT and MRI, and provides anup-dated, evidence-based guide to the modern day management ofpatients with common, life-threatening diseases involving differentparts of the circulation. This authoritative, full-colour, illustrated ABC is anideal reference for the primary care, non-specialist practitionerto base effective management and prevention programmes.

As the field of general surgery continues to expand, the diagnostic and therapeutic pathways are becoming more complex. The diagnostic modalities available to the clinician can be both very helpful but also overwhelming considering the findings can often determine the scope of treatment for a patient. This text will take the major pathologies of the systems commonly studied in general surgery and present them in a unique format based upon algorithms. The algorithms will begin with the clinical presentation of the patient, work its way through the various diagnostic modalities available to the surgeon, and finally allow the physician to make a decision regarding treatment options based upon various patterns in the algorithms. This text will become a very useful resources for surgeons as it allows complex clinical pathways to be conveniently organized in logical algorithms. It will become a concise yet comprehensive manual to assist in clinical decision making. All algorithms will be reviewed by experts in their field and include the most up-to-date clinical and evidence-based information. Clinical Algorithms in General Surgery provides a useful resource for surgeons in clinical practice as well as surgical residents, and surgical attendings who are preparing for board examinations. See sample algorithm in Attachments.