Macromolecular Crystallization And Crystal Perfection

Structural biology is key to our understanding of the mechanisms of biological processes. This book describes current methods and future frontiers in crystal growth and use of X-ray and Neutron crystallography, in the context of the very successful current automation of crystallization and generation of synchrotron X-ray and neutron beams.

Macromolecular Physics, Volume 2: Crystal Nucleation, Growth, Annealing continues the discussion of crystals of linear macromolecules. The text also gives conclusion about the description and formation of crystals. The book covers topics such as the primary, secondary, and tertiary nucleation of crystals; the general growth of crystals; solution and melt crystallization of macromolecules; and the general annealing of crystals. For those who wish to do further reading, the table of contents of Volume 1 is included in the book. The text is recommended for macromolecular physicists, especially those whose focus is on the study of crystals and its different properties.

This third volume completes the first part of the project " Macromolecular Physics." The first volume dealt with the description of macromolecular crystals; the second volume dealt with crystal growth; and the third volume summarizes our knowledge of the melting of linear, flexible macromolecules. The discussion in the three volumes goes from reasonably well-established topics, such as the structure, morphology, and defects in crystals, to topics still in flux, such as crystal nucleation, detailed growth mechanisms, and annealing processes, to arrive at the present topics of equilibrium, nonequilibrium, and copolymer melting. Our knowledge is quite limited on many aspects of these latter topics.

This extensively illustrated book by Alexander McPherson, a master practitioner, accomplishes several important goals: it presents the underlying physical and chemical principles of crystallization in an approachable way; it provides the reader with a biochemical context in which to understand and pursue successful crystal growth; it instructs the reader in practical aspects of the technologies required; and it lays out effective strategies for success that investigators can readily apply to their own experimental questions. This readable volume has been created for every investigator in biomedicine whose studies may require a shift in focus from gene to protein product, as well as chemists and physicists interested in the functions of biologically active macromolecules.

Macromolecular Physics, Volume 1: Crystal Structure, Morphology, Defects provides a unified treatment of crystals of linear macromolecules. This book is organized into four chapters: structure of macromolecules, microscopic structure of crystals, crystal morphology, and defect crystal. This publication specifically discusses the macromolecular hypothesis, molecular conformation, and synthesis of macromolecules. The discovery and proof of the lattice theory, structures of minimum free energy, and crystal structures of macromolecules are also deliberated. This publication likewise covers the macromolecular crystals, macroscopic recognition of defects, and deformation of polymer crystals. This volume is a good reference for physicists, scientists, and specialists concerned with research on crystals of linear macromolecules.

Volume IA Handbook of Crystal Growth, 2nd Edition (Fundamentals: Thermodynamics and Kinetics) Volume IA addresses the present status of crystal growth science, and provides scientific tools for the following volumes: Volume II (Bulk Crystal Growth) and III (Thin Film Growth and Epitaxy). Volume IA highlights thermodynamics and kinetics. After historical introduction of the crystal growth, phase equilibria, defect thermodynamics, stoichiometry, and shape of crystal and structure of melt are described. Then, the most fundamental and basic aspects of crystal growth are presented, along with the theories of nucleation and growth kinetics. In addition, the simulations of crystal growth by Monte Carlo, ab initio-based approach and colloidal assembly are thoroughly investigated. Volume IB Handbook of Crystal Growth, 2nd Edition (Fundamentals: Transport and Stability) Volume IB discusses pattern formation, a typical problem in crystal growth. In addition, an introduction to morphological stability is given and the phase-field model is explained with comparison to experiments. The field of nanocrystal growth is rapidly expanding and here the growth from vapor is presented as an example. For the advancement of life science, the crystal growth of protein and other biological molecules is indispensable and biological crystallization in nature gives many hints for their crystal growth. Another subject discussed is pharmaceutical crystal growth. To understand the crystal growth, in situ observation is extremely powerful. The observation techniques are demonstrated. Volume IA Explores phase equilibria, defect thermodynamics of Si, stoichiometry of oxides and atomistic structure of melt and alloys Explains basic ideas to understand crystal growth, equilibrium shape of crystal, rough-smooth transition of step and surface, nucleation and growth mechanisms Focuses on simulation of crystal growth by classical Monte Carlo, ab-initio based quantum mechanical approach, kinetic Monte Carlo and phase field model. Controlled colloidal assembly is presented as an experimental model for crystal growth. Volume IIB Describes morphological stability theory and phase-field model and comparison to experiments of dendritic growth Presents nanocrystal growth in vapor as well as protein crystal growth and biological crystallization Interprets mass production of pharmaceutical crystals to be understood as ordinary crystal growth and explains crystallization of chiral molecules Demonstrates in situ observation of crystal growth in vapor, solution and melt on the ground and in space

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Protein Crystallization under the Presence of an Electric Field" that was published in Crystals