Mechanisms Of Physical And Emotional Stress Advances In Experimental Medicine And Biology 245

A benchmark survey of current clinical findings on the complex interactions between diet, stress, and mental health, and their impact on disease states. The authors give special attention to the influence of stress on physical health, mental health, and cognitive function, including the critical effects of maternal nutritional status and stress levels on fetal physical and mental development, the role of lipids in the development and treatment of depression, the role of fish oil in the development of aggressive behaviors, and the consequences of obesity on stress and the development of eating disorders. Additional chapters examine the effects of stress on chronic disorders, women, and cardiac function, and the influence of inflammation on diet, neurological functions, disease incidence, and cognitive functions.

It has been over 50 years since Hans Selye formulated his concept of stress. This came after the isolation of epinephrine and norepinephrine and after the sympathetic system was associated with Walter Cannon's "fight or flight" response. The intervening years have witnessed a number of dis coveries that have furthered our understanding of the mechanisms of the stress response. The isolation, identification and manufacture of gluco corticoids, the identification and synthesis of ACTH and vasopressin, and the demonstration of hypothalamic regulation of ACTH secretion were pivotal discoveries. The recent identification and synthesis of CRR by Willie Vale and his colleagues gave new impetus to stress research. Several new concepts of stress have developed as a result of advances in bench research. These include the concept of an integrated "stress sys tem", the realization that there are bi-directional effects between stress and the immune system, the suggestion that a number of common psychiatric disorders represent dysregulation of systems responding to stress, and the epidemiologic association of stress with the major scourges of humanity.

First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.

The field of Organizational Psychology and Occupational Stress is complex and multifaceted. Many efforts have been made by several authors to write books that would have assisted employees in becoming more satisfied, relaxed and thus happier with their work, but such a result seems difficult and complicated to achieve. In The Spartan W@rker, the authors approach the research of Organizational Psychology and Occupational Stress from a fresh and different perspective. It compares the modern work environment with the features and way of life of the famous Greek Spartan warriors. Spartan warriors embraced a unique lifestyle which made them become more resilient, engaged, committed and efficient in their everyday lives, both in times of peace and war. The book proposes that in an increasingly demanding work environment, such an approach would be very beneficial for workers who want and need to learn how to become more resilient and thus remain unaffected from the daily stresses of modern life. This book dedicates itself to explaining in detail the mechanisms through which occupational stress negatively affects our lives as well as in proposing techniques that will help individuals to enhance their coping skills in dealing with stress. This book will appeal to a broad range of professionals looking to understand and reduce the occurrence of occupational stress with its playful style, which is nevertheless grounded in scientific literature and research.

The first book-length exploration of behavioral mechanisms in evolutionary ecology, this ambitious volume illuminates long-standing questions about cause-and-effect relations between an animal's behavior and its environment. By focusing on biological mechanisms—the sum of an animal's cognitive, neural, developmental, and hormonal processes—leading researchers demonstrate how the integrated study of animal physiology, cognitive processes, and social interaction can yield an enriched understanding of behavior. With studies of species ranging from insects to primates, the contributors examine how various animals identify and use environmental resources and deal with ecological constraints, as well as the roles of learning, communication, and cognitive aspects of social interaction in behavioral evolution. Taken together, the chapters demonstrate how the study of internal mechanistic foundations of behavior in relation to their ecological and evolutionary contexts and outcomes provides valuable insight into such behaviors as predation, mating, and dispersal. Behavioral Mechanisms in Evolutionary Ecology shows how a mechanistic approach unites various levels of biological organization to provide a broader understanding of the biological bases of behavioral evolution.