Metabolic Diseases Of Dairy Cattle

A current, comprehensive issue on metabolic diseases for the food animal practitioner. Topics include obesity and insulin resistance in dairy cows, ketosis therapy, use of serum NEFA and BHBA concentrations in herd-level assessment, mineral nutrition in transition diets, protein, fat, and energy in dairy transition diets, prophylactic calcium therapy in peripartum dairy cows, metabolic regulators of feed intake, assessing and managing body condition score for the prevention of metabolic disease, and more!

Metabolic Diseases in Farm Animals discusses metabolic diseases in farm livestock, focusing on four clinical syndromes—parturient hypocalcaemia, hypomagnesaemia, ketosis, and bloat. This book discusses metabolic disorders associated with water, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, nitrogen, and phosphorus. The parturient paresis, which causes considerable metabolic stress and disrupts the daily pattern of feeding and digestion of dairy cows is also elaborated. This text covers the changes in mineral metabolism at parturition; factors predisposing dairy cows to parturient paresis; cause of paresis in milk fever; and downer syndrome in dairy cows. The complexity of energy metabolism and its associated disorders are likewise described. This publication is a good source for veterinarians and livestock farmers concerned with metabolic diseases in farm animals.

This book summarizes the results achieved so far by application of various biological systems (including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) involved in the pathomechanisms and early diagnosis of periparturient diseases as specific biomarkers of disease in cattle. These emerging technologies help to extensively enhance our understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of periparturient diseases of transition dairy cows. The book includes a chapter dedicated to ‘omics’ sciences and one that discusses the myths established in animal and veterinary sciences in recent decades and emerging, new paradigms. The diseases discussed include metritis, mastitis, laminitis, ketosis, rumen acidosis, periparturient immunosuppression, gastrointestinal microbiota and their involvement in disease, infertility, fatty liver, milk fever, and retained placenta. This book is intended for academics, veterinarians, animal nutritionists, researchers, and graduate students working in the field of ‘omics sciences’ with a special interest in dairy cattle health.

This specially curated collection features four reviews of current and key research on metabolic disorders in dairy cattle. The first chapter reviews the prevalence, etiology and effects of ruminal acidosis, as well as ways to counteract it through regulation of ruminal pH. The chapter includes a case study on subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) in the post-partum phase of the transition period. The second chapter assesses the main pathways for rumen fermentation which is a major factor in efficient transformation of nutrients. It discusses factors influencing the efficiency of microbial growth as well as the interactions between rumen energy and nitrogen metabolism in ensuring efficient digestion and avoiding metabolic disorders. The third chapter investigates the genetics of improving feed intake efficiency which has significant potential in reducing metabolic disorders. The chapter reviews key challenges in developing genomic selection indices for feed intake, including recording feed intake, pooling genetic data and establishing genomic breeding values for feed efficiency. The fourth chapter discusses how cereal grains impact feed efficiency in cattle. It reviews how cereal grains can be used to improve feed efficiency and the microbiology of cereal grain fermentation. The chapter also discusses ways of avoiding acidosis and other negative feed effects.

In this issue of Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, guest editor Dr. Robert J. Van Saun brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Ruminant Metabolic Diseases. Top experts provide a comprehensive overview of metabolic diseases and treatments in small and large ruminants caused by deficiencies of certain essential nutrients, resulting in disturbances of an animal's normal metabolic state. Contains 12 practice-oriented topics including inflammation, immunity and transition metabolism; ketosis diagnostics and therapy; beef cattle metabolic diseases; hepatic lipidosis in ruminants; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on ruminant metabolic diseases, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.