Metal Crucible Interactions

"Offering readers insight into issues related to metal-crucible interactions, this book suggests solutions to a major challenge in high-temperature materials processing. It offers a holistic presentation of the current knowledge of metal-crucible interactions and explains the underlying reasons for the occurrence and extent of incompatibility between metals and containment and the method and path to their possible solution. It describes analytical experimental techniques to quantify compatibility/incompatibility and all the metals and the important alloys as well as compounds and special compositions that are prone to degradation due to compatibility issues"--

Metal–Crucible Interactions suggests solutions to a major challenge in high-temperature materials processing. It offers a holistic presentation of the current knowledge of metal–crucible interactions in a compact volume so that readers can make informed decisions on materials selection. Presenting practical information, this book: • Provides an extensive summary of the compatibility a huge variety of metal–container combinations, assembles information about all known significant interactions, and evaluates how they are managed • Explains the underlying reasons for the occurrence and extent of incompatibility between metals and containment and presents some possible solutions • Outlines analytical experimental techniques to quantify compatibility/incompatibility • Covers issues and resolution in interrelated solid–solid, solid–liquid, solid–gas and solid–liquid–gas processes determining compatibility • Discusses all the metals - ferrous, common non ferrous, reactive and refractory metals, rare earths, and the important alloys as well as compounds and special compositions that tide over or remain prone to degradation due to compatibility issues • Highlights the value of addressing all interrelated issues in arriving at reliable solutions to compatibility challenges Aimed at readers in industries dealing with materials processing at high temperatures, research scientists and engineers, and graduate students, this book addresses a topic vital to stimulating immediate and long-term research and development, in ways not previously covered in other books.

This monograph describes mathematical models that enable prediction of phase compositions for various technological processes, as developed on the base of a complex physico-chemical analysis of reaction. It studies thermodynamics and kinetics of specific stages of complex pyrometallurgical processes involving boron, carbon, sulfur, tungsten, phosphorus, and many more, as well as their exposure to all sorts of factors. First and foremost, this enables to optimize processes and technologies at the stage of design, while traditional empirical means of development of new technologies are basically incapable of providing an optimal solution. Simulation results of metals and alloys production, welding and coating technologies allow obtaining materials with pre-given composition, structure and properties in a cost-saving and conscious manner. Moreover, a so-called "inverse problem", i.e., selecting source materials which would ensure the required results, cannot be solved by any other means.

This collection presents papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals as well as rare extraction processing techniques used in metal production. Topics include the extraction and processing of elements such as antimony, arsenic, gold, indium, palladium, platinum, rare earth metals including yttrium and neodymium, titanium, tungsten, and vanadium. Rare processing techniques are covered, including direct extraction processes for rare-earth recovery, biosorption of precious metals, fluorination behavior of uranium and zirconium mixture of fuel debris treatment, and recovery of valuable components of commodity metals such as zinc, nickel, and metals from slag.

Light Metals—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Light Metals. The editors have built Light Metals—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Light Metals in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Light Metals—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Cluster Ion-Solid Interactions: Theory, Simulation, and Experiment provides an overview of various concepts in cluster physics and related topics in physics, including the fundamentals and tools underlying novel cluster ion beam technology. The material is based on the author’s highly regarded courses at Kyoto University, Purdue University, the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, and the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute as well as his research results on cluster ion beam applications at Kyoto University. The author introduces the basic principles of statistical physics and thermodynamics before covering applications, experimental justifications, and practical implementations. He describes classical nucleation theory and explains the drawbacks of this theory, showing how accurate modeling and simulations are necessary to justify theoretical approaches and simplifications.