Microbial Metabolic Pathways And Disease

Microbiome Metabolic Pathways and Disease provides insight into the interaction of microbial metabolic pathways in the human body and the impact these can have on a variety of diseases. By analyzing these pathways the book seeks to investigate how these metabolic processes can be targeted and manipulated in order to treat various disorders and diseases. Topics covered in the book include microbial shikimate pathways, protein biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolites, microbiome metabolic engineering, fecal microbiota transplantation, and virulence factors. Additionally, a variety of conditions are covered, such as disorders associated with metabolic syndromes, serotonin syndromes, Alzheimer’s disease, and Covid-19, providing a detailed overview of how metabolic pathways of microbiome can impact health and disease in the human body. Explores microbial metabolic pathways in the human body and implications for disease Investigates specific steps involved in metabolic reactions in the human microbiome, including shikimate pathways and tryptophan pathways Considers a variety of diseases and disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, metabolic syndromes, Crohn’s disease and Covid-19 Includes analysis of various amino acids and enzymes in microbial and human cells and how these can impact health

This book focuses on host–pathogen interactions at the metabolic level. It explores the metabolic requirements of the infectious agents, the microbial metabolic pathways that are dedicated to circumvent host immune mechanisms as well as the molecular mechanisms by which pathogens hijack host cell metabolism for their own benefit. Finally, it provides insights on the possible clinical and immunotherapeutic applications, as well as on the available experimental and analytical methods. The contributions break new ground in understanding the metabolic crosstalk between host and pathogen.

This book has been written for students who are taking a course in bacterial metabolism. I hope, however, that scholars will also find it useful either as a help in teaching bacterial metabolism or as a review on the special aspects of metabolism in bacteria. The concept of this book results from my experience in teaching bacterial metabolism. In the first chapters the principal reactions of the energy and biosynthetic metabolism have been discussed using Escherichia coli as a model organism. Then the diversity of aerobic metabolism has been out lined. Following a brief description of the regulation of the level and the activity of enzymes in bacteria the characteristic features of fermentative, chemolithotrophic and phototrophic metabolism have been discussed. Finally, the last chapter has been devoted to nitrogen fixation. Throughout the text I have tried not only to describe metabolic pathways and enzyme reactions but also to elucidate the physiology of the microorganisms which carry out all these metabolic reactions. Two comments regarding the formulas used in this book are necessary.

Recent advances in the understanding of microbiota in health and diseases are presented in this special issue of Frontiers in Immunology and Frontiers in Microbiology as well as their impact on the immune system that can lead to the development of pathologies. Potential perspectives and biomarkers are also addressed. We offer this Research Topic involving 64 articles and 501 authors to discuss recent advances regarding: 1. An overview of the human microbiota and its capacity to interact with the human immune system and metabolic processes, 2. New developments in understanding the immune system’s strategies to respond to infections and escape strategies used by pathogens to counteract such responses, 3. The link between the microbiota and pathology in terms of autoimmunity, allergy, cancers and other diseases.

This concise yet comprehensive text surveys the field of bacterial metabolism in terms useful to students and researchers. Emphasis is on those metabolic reactions occurring only in bacteria. Thus, the book describes in detail the energy metabolism of the various groups of bacteria. In addition, it examines pathways used by bacteria for the degradation of organic compounds, the synthesis of cellular constituents, the regulation of bacterial metabolism and the fixation of molecular nitrogen.

Many potential applications of synthetic and systems biology are relevant to the challenges associated with the detection, surveillance, and responses to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. On March 14 and 15, 2011, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Forum on Microbial Threats convened a public workshop in Washington, DC, to explore the current state of the science of synthetic biology, including its dependency on systems biology; discussed the different approaches that scientists are taking to engineer, or reengineer, biological systems; and discussed how the tools and approaches of synthetic and systems biology were being applied to mitigate the risks associated with emerging infectious diseases. The Science and Applications of Synthetic and Systems Biology is organized into sections as a topic-by-topic distillation of the presentations and discussions that took place at the workshop. Its purpose is to present information from relevant experience, to delineate a range of pivotal issues and their respective challenges, and to offer differing perspectives on the topic as discussed and described by the workshop participants. This report also includes a collection of individually authored papers and commentary.

The Food Forum convened a public workshop on February 22-23, 2012, to explore current and emerging knowledge of the human microbiome, its role in human health, its interaction with the diet, and the translation of new research findings into tools and products that improve the nutritional quality of the food supply. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary summarizes the presentations and discussions that took place during the workshop. Over the two day workshop, several themes covered included: The microbiome is integral to human physiology, health, and disease. The microbiome is arguably the most intimate connection that humans have with their external environment, mostly through diet. Given the emerging nature of research on the microbiome, some important methodology issues might still have to be resolved with respect to undersampling and a lack of causal and mechanistic studies. Dietary interventions intended to have an impact on host biology via their impact on the microbiome are being developed, and the market for these products is seeing tremendous success. However, the current regulatory framework poses challenges to industry interest and investment.