Mineral Commodity Summaries 1996

Describes nearly 100 minerals as to: events, trends, issues; domestic production and use; recycling; import sources; tariffs; depletion allowances; government stockpile; world mine production, reserves, and reserve base; world resources; and substitutes. Many summaries go back as far as 1991 through 1995. Includes: aluminum, arsenic, asbestos, cement, clays, diamond, garnet, gold, iodine, lead, lime, mercury, nickel, peat, potash, rare earths, salt, sand and gravel, silver, sulfur, tin, tungsten, zinc, and more. Extensive tables.

This work introduces into the chemistry, materials science and technology of Rare Earth Elements. The chapters by experienced lecturers describe comprehensively the recent studies of their characteristics, properties and applications in functional materials. Due to the broad range of covered topics as hydrogen storage materials, LEDs or permanent magnets this work gives an up-to-date presentation of this fascinating research.

Regarded as one of the leading sources of condensed minerals information, this new edition of the Minerals Handbook comprises uniform statistical data on 52 of the most industrially important minerals. New additions in this addition include Coal and Soda Ash. The introduction is comprised of several summary pages providing far reaching data on global aspects of minerals information, such as the value of annual production and the import dependence of major economies. For the non-specialist, the Minerals Handbook will be used as an introductory guide to world minerals, drawing together statistics from primary and secondary information detailed in appendices, and pointing the way to original sources. For the specialist it acts as a useful up to date reference tool, comprising key technical information, allowing clear comparisons, and providing sufficient data to allow informed debate on minerals policy.

This book examines the 2011 edition of U.S. Geological Survey's Mineral Commodity Summaries (MCS), which includes information on events, trends and issues for each mineral commodity as well as discussions and tabular presentations on domestic industry structure, government programs, tariffs, 5-year salient statistics and world production and resources. In 2010, the value of mineral production increased in the United States, suggesting that the domestic non-fuel minerals industries, especially the metallic minerals industries, were beginning to feel the effects of recovery from the economic recession that began in December 2007 and lasted well into 2009. Some major mining sectors continued to struggle, however, with no increase in production or value of production.

This comprehensive resource is published on an annual basis, and is considered the earliest Government publication to furnish estimates covering nonfuel mineral industry data for the United States and worldwide. Each chapter of this 2015 edition includes information on events, trends, and issues for each mineral commodity as well as discussions and tabular presentations, including data sheets on domestic industry structure, Government programs, tariffs, 5-year salient statistics, and world production and resources for more than 90 minerals and materials. The Mineral Commodity Summaries (MCS) is the earliest comprehensive source of 2014 mineral production data for the world. More than 90 individual minerals and materials are covered by two-page synopses. For mineral commodities for which there is a Government stockpile, detailed information concerning the stockpile status is also included in the two-page synopsis.

The last two decades have seen a renaissance in interest in the chemistry of the main group elements. In particular research on the metals of group 13 (aluminium, gallium, indium and thallium) has led to the synthesis and isolation of some very novel and unusual molecules, with implications for organometallic synthesis, new materials development, and with biological, medical and, environmental relevance. The Group 13 Metals Aluminium, Gallium, Indium and Thallium aims to cover new facts, developments and applications in the context of more general patterns of physical and chemical behaviour. Particular attention is paid to the main growth areas, including the chemistry of lower formal oxidation states, cluster chemistry, the investigation of solid oxides and hydroxides, advances in the formation of III-V and related compounds, the biological significance of Group 13 metal complexes, and the growing importance of the metals and their compounds in the mediation of organic reactions. Chapters cover: general features of the group 13 elements group 13 metals in the +3 oxidation state: simple inorganic compounds formal oxidation state +3: organometallic chemistry formal oxidation state +2: metal-metal bonded vs. mononuclear derivatives group 13 metals in the +1 oxidation state mixed or intermediate valence group 13 metal compounds aluminium and gallium clusters: metalloid clusters and their relation to the bulk phases, to naked clusters, and to nanoscaled materials simple and mixed metal oxides and hydroxides: solids with extended structures of different dimensionalities and porosities coordination and solution chemistry of the metals: biological, medical and, environmental relevance III-V and related semiconductor materials group 13 metal-mediated organic reactions The Group 13 Metals Aluminium, Gallium, Indium and Thallium provides a detailed, wide-ranging, and up-to-date review of the chemistry of this important group of metals. It will find a place on the bookshelves of practitioners, researchers and students working in inorganic, organometallic, and materials chemistry.