Mitolog A Mesoamericana

Los mitos de los antiguos aztecas y mayas proceden de una tradición cultural común a toda Mesoamérica que aún pervive en el saber popular de las gentes de México y América Central. Los mitos mayas sobre la creación y el diluvio han sobrevivido bajo diversas formas en la escritura y el arte prehispánicos, pero el imperio azteca surgió sólo dos siglos antes de la conquista española y nuestros conocimientos sobre su mitología provienen fundamentalmente de los primeros documentos coloniales del siglo XVI. En la actualidad, el desciframiento de la escritura jeroglífica maya y la interpretación de los códices han arrojado nueva luz sobre la mitología mesoamericana. Balándose en esas fuentes, el autor vuelve a narrar un gran número de importantes historias, desde los orígenes de la vida a la derrota de los dioses de la muerte. Asimismo nos muestra cómo la mitología proporcionó al estado azteca una justificación de carácter cósmico a su expansión y dominación política.

Approaching sorcery as highly rational and rooted in significant social and cultural values, Sorcery in Mesoamerica examines and reconstructs the original indigenous logic behind it, analyzing manifestations from the Classic Maya to the ethnographic present. While the topic of sorcery and witchcraft in anthropology is well developed in other areas of the world, it has received little academic attention in Mexico and Central America until now. In each chapter, preeminent scholars of ritual and belief ask very different questions about what exactly sorcery is in Mesoamerica. Contributors consider linguistic and visual aspects of sorcery and witchcraft, such as the terminology in Aztec semantics and dictionaries of the Kaqchiquel and K’iche’ Maya. Others explore the practice of sorcery and witchcraft, including the incorporation by indigenous sorcerers in the Mexican highlands of European perspectives and practices into their belief system. Contributors also examine specific deities, entities, and phenomena, such as the pantheistic Nahua spirit entities called forth to assist healers and rain makers, the categorization of Classic Maya Wahy (“co-essence”) beings, the cult of the Aztec goddess Cihuacoatl, and the recurring relationship between female genitalia and the magical conjuring of a centipede throughout Mesoamerica. Placing the Mesoamerican people in a human context—as engaged in a rational and logical system of behavior—Sorcery inMesoamerica is the first comprehensive study of the subject and an invaluable resource for students and scholars of Mesoamerican culture and religion. Contributors: Lilián González Chévez, John F. Chuchiak IV, Jeremy D. Coltman, Roberto Martínez González, Oswaldo Chinchilla Mazariegos, Cecelia F. Klein, Timothy J. Knab, John Monaghan, Jesper Nielsen, John M. D. Pohl, Alan R. Sandstrom, Pamela Effrein Sandstrom, David Stuart

The meanings of ritualized head treatments among ancient Mesoamerican and Andean peoples is the subject of this book, the first overarching coverage of an important subject. Heads are sources of power that protect, impersonate, emulate sacred forces, distinguish, or acquire identity within the native world. The essays in this book examine these themes in a wide array of indigenous head treatments, including facial cosmetics and hair arrangements, permanent cranial vault and facial modifications, dental decorations, posthumous head processing, and head hunting. They offer new insights into native understandings of beauty, power, age, gender, and ethnicity. The contributors are experts from such diverse fields as skeletal biology, archaeology, aesthetics, forensics, taphonomy, and art history.

Este diccionario es un manual muy completo y de fácil manejo. En el se condensan siglos de información del aspecto religioso mesoamericano. Los temas sobre magia y mitología de las culturas y deidades más representativas del México prehispánico y de algunos grupos indígenas de la actualidad, en los que aun pervive el mundo religioso precolombino, reflejan un mundo fascinante cuyo eje fue la religión. Se incluyen partes de México, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador y Nicaragua. Se complementa con un amplio contenido de ilustraciones, mapas y tablas. Este diccionario es un recurso inestimable para estudiantes y profesores de enseñanza media y superior, al igual que para cualquier persona interesada en la historia y la religión de México y América Central antes de la llegada de los españoles. Es el complemento ideal del Atlas Histórico de Mesoamérica.

Christian churches erected in Mexico during the early colonial era represented the triumph of European conquest and religious domination. Or did they? Building on recent research that questions the “cultural” conquest of Mesoamerica, Eleanor Wake shows that colonial Mexican churches also reflected the beliefs of the indigenous communities that built them. European authorities failed to recognize that the meaning of the edifices they so admired was being challenged: pre-Columbian iconography integrated into Christian imagery, altars oriented toward indigenous sacred landmarks, and carefully recycled masonry. In Framing the Sacred, Wake examines how the art and architecture of Mexico’s religious structures reveals the indigenous people’s own decisions regarding the conversion program and their accommodation of the Christian message. As Wake shows, native peoples selected aspects of the invading culture to secure their own culture’s survival. In focusing on anomalies present in indigenous art and their relationship to orthodox Christian iconography, she draws on a wide geographical sampling across various forms of Indian artistic expression, including religious sculpture and painting, innovative architectural detail, cartography, and devotional poetry. She also offers a detailed analysis of documented native ritual practices that—she argues—assist in the interpretation of the imagery. With more than 200 illustrations, including 24 in color, Framing the Sacred is the most extensive study to date of the indigenous aspects of these churches and fosters a more complete understanding of Christianity’s influence on Mexican peoples.