Mobility Management In The Nordic Countries

The Nordic Council of Ministers and its working group on Sustainable Mobility have completed a survey on the current situation of Mobility Management in the Nordic Countries. Mobility Man-agement aims at promoting sustainable transportation and at reducing the demand for motorized transport by cooperation between various actors. More and more interest is taken in Mobility Management in the Nordic region. Sweden especially has launched a number of promising practical projects. Other Nordic Countries are carrying out surveys and pilot projects that bode well for this development. The Nordic Countries have the advantage of cooperation, sharing insights as well as many societal features, such as urban structure, corporate culture, and climatic conditions. Project objectives: - To collect, analyze and disseminate information on Nordic Mobility Management activities related to commuters.- To provide an overview of and make recommendations on policy instruments related to Mobility Management in the Nordic Countries.- To evaluate the effects of Mobility Management initiatives and to identify the most efficient ones.- To strengthen national as well as Nordic cooperation in Mobility Management. The report includes recommendations on actions to foster Mobility Management at a Nordic level. Most of these measures should be carried out at local and company level. However, the international community and national authorities also have a role to play in creating a more auspicious environment for Mobility Management.

Charting the development of the travel plan as a concept, this book draws on a range of research-based contributions to determine the state-of-the-art and to explore a series of future scenarios in this area for practitioners and policy makers. Site-based mobility management or 'travel plans' address the transport problem by engaging with those organisations such as employers that are directly responsible for generating the demand for travel, and hence have the potential to have a major impact on transport policy. To do this effectively however, travel plans need to be reoriented to be made more relevant to the needs of these organisations, whilst the policy framework in which they operate needs modifying to better support their diffusion and enhance their effectiveness. Marcus Enoch breaks down the travel plan concept into four axes related to its development (namely segment, scale, structure and support), and investigates the following questions: - What makes them special? - Why are they introduced? - What do they look like in terms of their design and the measures they use? - How common are they and in what sectors and location types? - How effective are they? - What barriers do they face and how might these be overcome?

The transport sector is a major source of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. This study estimates the potential of digitalized mobility solutions, such as Mobility as a Service (MaaS), to reduce emissions and vehicle kilometers travelled in the Nordic countries. Also, to assess the potential future impact of MaaS, modelling is done to project road transport’s energy consumption, CO2 emissions and total costs in the Nordic countries up to 2050. There are still several barriers to the wider adoption of shared mobility services. We present ways to overcome these barriers with incentives and policy instruments to substitute car ownership, and specify what different actors can do to accelerate this change. Finally we present policy recommendations on how to reduce the dependence on car ownership, reduce the vehicle kilometers driven, and stimulate the demand for greener mobility services.

The papers presented in this volume should be of interest to engineers, scientists and managers who are involved in the planning and management of urban transportation and transport policy.

There are 60 million health care workers globally and most of this workforce consists of nurses, as they are key providers of primary health care. Historically, the global nurse occupation has been predominately female and segregated along gendered, racialised and classed hierarchies. In the last decade, new actors have emerged in the management of health care human resources, specifically from the corporate sector, which has created new interactions, networks, and organisational practices. This book urgently calls for the reconceptualisation in the theoretical framing of the globalised nurse occupation from International Human Resource Management (IHRM) to Transnational Human Resource Management (THRM). Specifically, the book draws on critical human resource management literature and transnational feminist theories to frame the strategies and practices used to manage nurses across geographical sites of knowledge production and power, which centralise on how and by whom nurses are managed. In its current managerial form, the author argues that the nurses are constructed and produced as resources to be packaged for clients in public and private organisations.