Monoclonal Antibodies In Cancer

The book broadly deals with therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and various relevant topics, including different antibody formats such as Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADC), bispecifics, nanoparticle-based mAbs and HER2+ cancers, immune checkpoint inhibitors and other closely related topics. Each paper was written by leading active research groups in their fields both from academia and industry. The book should be of interest to those scientists and researchers who develop or use biologics, biotherapeutics, biosimilars and biobetters in cancer treatment.

This represents the third volume in a series on cancer markers pub lished by the Humana Press. The first volume, published in 1980, stressed the relationship of development and cancer as reflected in the production of markers by cancer that are also produced by normal cells during fetal development. The concept that cancer represents a problem of differentiation was introduced by Barry Pierce in describing differenti ation of teratocarcinomas. Highlighted were lymphocyte markers, alphafetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, ectopic hormones, enzymes and isozymes, pregnancy proteins, and fibronectin. The second volume, published in 1982 and coedited with Britta Wahren, focused on the diagnostic use of oncological markers in human cancers, which were systematically treated on an organ by organ basis. At that time, the application of monoclonal antibodies to the identification of cancer markers was still in a very preliminary stage. A general introduc tion to monoclonal antibodies to human tumor antigens was given there by William Raschke, and other authors included coverage of those mark ers then detectable by monoclonal antibodies in their chapters.

KENNETH A. FOON and ALTON C. MORGAN, JR. Passive immunotherapy using heteroantisera for the treatment of cancer in animals and humans has been studied for over 50 years. Attempts have been made to treat animal tumors with sera from immunized syngeneic, allogeneic, or xenogeneic animals. A number of studies of passive immunotherapy using heterologous antisera in humans have also been performed. These studies have generally been attempted in patients with large tumor burdens, and as would be expected, results have been transient at best. A wide variety of solid tumors as well as leukemias and lym phomas have been treated with antisera raised in sheep, horses, rabbits, and goats. Problems such as anaphylaxis, serum sick ness, and severe cytopenias have been encountered with these antisera. There are a number of potential mechanisms by which unconju gated antibodies might be cytotoxic to tumor cells. Antibodies bound to the cell surface membrane of tumor cells may lead to cell lysis by complement-dependent or antibody-dependent cellu lar cytotoxicity. Circulating tumor cells bound by antibody may be more susceptible to phagocytosis by the reticuloendothelial system. Antibody bound to the cell surface membrane of tumor cells may enhance immunogenicity of the tumor cell leading to activation of the host's immune system.

This long overdue title provides a comprehensive, up-to-date, state-of-the art review of approved biologic therapies, with coverage of mechanisms of action, Indications for therapy, immunogenicity and a detailed examination of adverse effects and safety of the many and diverse therapeutic agents presented in a total of 13 chapters. It is predicted that by 2016, biologics will make up half of the world's 20 top-selling drugs and by 2018, biologic medicine sales will account for almost half of the world's 100 biggest selling drugs. Recombinant proteins dominate the growing list of the more than 200 approved biotherapeutic agents with targeted antibodies, fusion proteins and receptors; cytokines; hormones; enzymes; proteins involved in blood-clotting, homeostasis and thrombosis; vaccines; botulinum neurotoxins; and, more recently, biosimilar preparations, comprising the majority of approved biologics. Written with clinicians, other health care professionals, and researchers in mind, Safety of Biologics Therapy examines, in a single volume, the full range of issues surrounding the safety of approved biologic therapies. A good understanding of the risks and safety issues of modern biologics therapy is increasingly being demanded of all those connected with their development, handling, prescribing, administration and subsequent patient management. In addition to being of great value to clinicians in all branches of medicine, and to nurses, pharmacists and researchers, this book will prove invaluable for students taking undergraduate and graduate courses in the above disciplines and in the biomedical sciences.

A comprehensive account of cancer immunity and immunotherapy, examining recent results, current areas of interest and the specific issues that are affecting the research and development of vaccines. It provides insight into how these problems may be overcome as viewed by leaders in the field.

Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Volume 85, the newest volume in the Advances in Pharmacology series, presents a variety of chapters from the best authors in the field. Chapters in this new release include Cell death mechanisms in DILI, Mitochondria in DILI, Primary hepatocytes and their cultures for the testing of drug-induced liver injury, MetaHeps an alternate approach to identify IDILI, Autophagy and DILI, Biomarkers and DILI, Regeneration and DILI, Drug-induced liver injury in obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Mechanisms of Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury, the Evaluation and Treatment of Acetaminophen Toxicity, and much more. Includes the authority and expertise of leading contributors in pharmacology Presents the latest release in the Advances in Pharmacology series

The foundation for targeted therapy of cancers driven by members of the ErbB oncoprotein family was established initially by the demonstration that ectodomain binding monoclonal antibodies (mAb) could disable the protein kinase encoded by the HER2/neu oncogene. Homomeric and heteromeric erbB kinases play critical roles in the development of cancer and in the spread of early lesions. In particular, antibodies targeting the p185erbB2/neu receptor provide major clinical benefits in the treatment of breast cancer and also stomach cancer. As suggested by our study with oncogenic neu transgenic mice, anti-p185erbB2/neu antibodies are also effective in preventing the tissue hyperplasia that precedes tumorigenesis, tumor growth and the dissemination of ErbB2/neu kinase-positive cells into other tissues. As a therapeutic principle, “reversion of phenotype” for established tumors and “prevention” of tumorigenesis and spread can explain the basis for the benefits invoked by therapeutic and adjuvant therapies for breast cancer patients after cancers are surgically removed. These emerging principles being enlightened by ongoing studies of monoclonal antibody therapy will continue to provide guidance for the development of new targeted therapies for resistant tumors that arise after treatment.