Nature Of Geography As Perceived In Systems Theory

Geography is not what we have assumed it, we have conceived it and we have perceived it, but it is that what we have not imagined it-it is around us. It is a system in itself. Because, human behaviour becomes rational, when it acts individually, but is becomes rational, when it operates upon in a collective form. Therefore, it is very difficult to understand man and his behaviour in a given situation. So it is incredible to argue about the discipline, its past history and the methodological contents. It is a misconceived notion of set boundary and a goal of its own, in a multidimensional facets of the changing world complexes in which we are living. Geography in its manifestations begins with the land-scape evolution (Physical basis), interacts with the phenomena culminating in human relationships, (Cultural land-scape) of conceptual world of real and abstract, interactions and processes, conditions and relations of multivariate facets of elements. Geographers are thus, drawn to the illusion with perlex mind of geographical images. This perception has drawn geography and geographers both into a state of unending dilemma of academic jargon of puzzles i e. Whether it is founded on systems theory or simply an irrelevant distraction ? Science provides us very sharp tools. But any craftsman will tell you it is the sharp tool which cane do most damage or harm when misapplied. It is apparently observed that geographers are badly operationalised with their blunted tools. The present attempt is thus, to discuss all those problems arises due to multidimensional approaches of the past, present analysis and future methodologies, more particularly in the system analogy of systems theory, General Systems and the General Systems Theory, as all these notions have different connotations. How geography as a discipline is fitted well in the analogy of systems theory has been the main concerned to these volumes. Let us explore the possibilities-What Geography is? The first volume deals with the Systems Theory and Geography, whereas, the second interprets the Possible World of Geographer in Systems Theory. Contents Vol. I Part I- General Systems & Systems Theory; Chapter 1: General Systems Theory; Chapter 2: General Systems Theory: Specific Features; Chapter 3: General Systems Theory as a Metatheory; Chapter 4: Outline History of the Systems Theory; Chapter 5: The Systems Approach and its Development; Chapter 6: Classification of Systems into Open and Closed-Logic of Methodological Problems; Chapter 7: Systems Theory and Modern Sciences; Chapter 8: The Systems Approach in Social Sciences; Chapter 9: Paradox of Systems Analysis; Chapter 10: Prospects of the Systems Approach; Part II- Development of Nature of Geography; Chapter 11: Progress in Geography Through Ages; Chapter 12: German Contribution to Geography; Chapter 13: Geographers of the Second and Third Generation; Chapter 14: Leaders of the Fourth Generation; Chapter 15: French Geographers Contribution to Geography; Chapter 16: The Second Generation of French Geographers; Chapter 17: Geography in Indian Context; Chapter 18: Theories, Laws and Models: A Systematic Explanation in Geography; Vol. II Chapter 1: Nature of Geography; Chapter 2: Problem of Paradigm Shift: Conceptual Themes; Chapter 3: Geography and General Systems Theory; Chapter 4: American School and Geographers of the Time; Chapter 5: The Modern Perceptivism; Chapter 6: A Real World (Physical Geography) of Geographer; Chapter 7: Geographic Space Perception; Chapter 8: Environment as Perceived in Geography; Chapter 9: Diffusion Process in Geographic Research and Normative Values; Chapter 10: Welfare Geography of Economics; Chapter 11: In Search of Systematic Geography; Chapter 12: Geography in Systems Theory.

The landscape we see and live in is an important part or our everyday lives, be they urban or rural. Environmental concern has grown in recent years, as a result of public awareness of the detrimental impact industry, transport and tourism can have on the ecosystem. This book examines the role of the new technologies of geographical information sys

"The authors examine how well several institutional and firm-level factors and their interactions explain firms' perceptions of property rights protection. Their sample includes private and public firms that vary in size from very small to large in 62 countries. Together, the institutional theories they investigate account for approximately 70 percent of the country-level variation, indicating that the literature is addressing first-order factors. Firm-level characteristics such as legal organization and ownership structure are comparable to institutional factors in explaining variation in property rights protection. A country's legal origin and formalism index predict property rights variation better than its openness to international trade, its religion, its ethnic diversity, natural endowments or its political system. However, these results are driven by the inclusion of former socialist economies in the sample. When the authors exclude the former socialist economies, legal origin explains considerably less than openness to trade and endowments. Examining a broader set of variables for robustness, they again find that when they exclude former socialist countries, legal origin explains comparatively little of the variation in perceptions of judicial efficiency, corruption, taxes and regulation, street crime, and financing"--Cover verso.

Catalog of books on display at the 12th New Delhi World Book Fair, held at New Delhi in February 1996.