Non Invasive Artificial Ventilation

Noninvasive mechanical ventilation is an effective technique for the management of patients with acute or chronic respiratory failure. This comprehensive and up-to-date book explores all aspects of the subject. The opening sections are devoted to theory and equipment, with detailed attention to the use of full-face masks or helmets, the range of available ventilators, and patient-ventilator interactions. Clinical applications are then considered in depth in a series of chapters that address the use of noninvasive mechanical ventilation in chronic settings and in critical care, both within and outside of intensive care units. Due attention is also paid to weaning from conventional mechanical ventilation, potential complications, intraoperative applications, and staff training. The closing chapters examine uses of noninvasive mechanical ventilation in neonatal and pediatric care. This book, written by internationally recognized experts, will be an invaluable guide for both clinicians and researchers.

This book uses real-world clinical case analyses of hot topics to provide insights into noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV). Written by leading international teachers and experts, it features a selection of “major controversial topics in clinical practice” and demonstrates how these cases can be used to teach about NIV. It then presents a discussion of the topics in various scenarios (anesthesiology, critical care, emergency, pneumology and sleep medicine, as well). The chapters allow readers to develop a case-by-case understanding of NIV in acute and chronic respiratory disorders, and perioperative and in intensive care patients, also thanks to Electronic Supplementary Materials. Lastly the authors summarize five key points / recommendations. This book is an attractive resource also for universities / educational seminars / national and international postgraduate courses and hot-topics sessions at national/international congresses.

Over the last two decades, the increasing use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has reduced the need for endotracheal ventilation, thus decreasing the rate of ventilation-induced complications. Thus, NIV has decreased both intubation rates and mortality rates in specific subsets of patients with acute respiratory failure (for example, patients with hypercapnia, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, immune deficiencies, or post-transplantation acute respiratory failure). Despite the increased use of NIV in clinical practice, there is still a need for more educational tools to improve clinicians’ knowledge of the indications and contraindications for NIV, the factors that predict failure or success, and also what should be considered when starting NIV. This book has the dual function of being a "classical" text where the major findings in the literature are discussed and highlighted, as well as a practical manual on the tricks and pitfalls to consider in NIV application by both beginners and experts. For example, setting the ventilatory parameters; choosing the interfaces, circuits, and humidification systems; monitoring; and the "right" environment for the "right" patient will be discussed to help clinicians in their choices.

"Noninvasive mechanical ventilation has managed to establish itself as the treatment option for a wide variety of causes of acute and chronic respiratory failure in different settings in hospital and home noninvasive mechanical ventilation. In the last decades, we have discovered its positive effects on gas exchange and symptoms such as dyspnea control, widely contrasted against endotracheal intubation. However, although this wide range of beneficial effects have been described, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of noninvasive mechanical complications could not be forgotten for a correct application as they clearly affect patient outcome and mortality. Nowadays, there is a scarce number of publications analyzing noninvasive mechanical ventilation complications and this book is the first dedicated to its analysis. This book brings together a broad multidisciplinary vision of common and unusual complications, thus it serves as the original and essential scientific published reference on noninvasive mechanical ventilation complications. The present book has been structured to offer through its sections and chapters an exhaustive and in-depth analysis of noninvasive mechanical ventilation complications, mechanisms, direct or indirect factors determinants, key recommendations for the early diagnosis and treatment for most frequent applications from multidisciplinary perspective. Finally, we analyze noninvasive mechanical ventilation complications and how they impact in short- and long-term complications and mortality. The book concludes analyzing evidence in diagnosis, prevention and treatment. We believe that the readers of this book will find in it an essential reference for a correct application of noninvasive mechanical ventilation, and thus be able to improve results and prognosis. Only the precise knowledge of complications of noninvasive mechanical ventilation will allow us to achieve a proper application to success"--

Now in full-colour, this eagerly-anticipated second edition continues to be the most comprehensive resource available on non-invasive ventilation (NIV), both in the hospital and at home. Reflecting a global perspective with expert contributors from more than 15 countries, the book: • provides clinical examples of NIV in practice with insightful vignettes • covers home- and intensive care-based ventilation • details NIV use in acute and chronic respiratory failure, plus paediatric and other specialty applications. Disease-specific sections provide best practice in the science, diagnostics and management of conditions such as COPD, cardiac failure, neuromuscular disease and obesity, while features such as ‘Common Clinical Questions & Answers’, abundant tables and illustrations, chapter summaries and new clinical vignettes showcase the realities of NIV in practice. This is essential reading for pulmonologists, critical care physicians and intensive care medicine specialists.

This book comprehensively addresses the use of pulmonary function measurement for the evaluation, screening and timing of noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) from hospital to home care. To do so, it describes three clinical stages of NIMV support: before NIV, to detect early markers and determine whether NIV is appropriate; during NIV, to evaluate NIV response; and in long-term NIV support. Additionally, it assesses a range of complementary health care organizations (pulmonary function labs, pneumology wards, semi-intensive care units and home mechanical ventilation programs), techniques (chest physiotherapy/airway secretions, etc.) and applications. In closing, the book offers practical recommendations on how noninvasive ventilation and lung function measurement can improve outcomes and quality of life, making it a valuable resource for all specialists, e.g. intensivists and pneumologists, as well as anesthesiologists and therapists.

For many years, there has been a great deal of work done on chronic congestive heart failure while acute heart failure has been considered a difficult to handle and hopeless syndrome. However, in recent years acute heart failure has become a growing area of study and this is the first book to cover extensively the diagnosis and management of this complex condition. The book reflects the considerable amounts of new data reported and many new concepts which have been proposed in the last 3-4 years looking at the epidemiology, diagnostic and treatment of acute heart failure.