Nonlinear Circuit Simulation And Modeling

A practical, tutorial guide to the nonlinear methods and techniques needed to design real-world microwave circuits.

New Topics in Simulation and Modeling of RF Circuits addresses two main topics: simulation of RF circuits and new models of nonlinear power BAW resonators and filters.Since RF circuits have several unique features, and all analysis methods are based on the circuit essential properties, the book begins by describing the properties of RF circuits, characterization of circuits with customary and uncustomary behavior and some theorems of solutions existence and uniqueness for dynamic nonlinear circuits. Thereafter, the main time domain and frequency domain analysis methods for RF circuits are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of each method have been highlighted, and an algorithm for the time step choice in transient analysis based on energy balance errors is also presented. Lastly, the final part contains some nonlinear circuit models of power BAW resonators. The behavioral models for the time domain analysis are simple circuits containing weakly nonlinear elements. The behavioral models for frequency domain analysis are based on the measured values of the frequency dependent S parameters for a set of incident powers. S parameters corresponding to certain intermodulation products of practical interest are also considered. The physical models contain artificial transmission lines with nonlinear circuit elements corresponding to mechanical and electrical nonlinearities.

A revised collection of groundbreaking presentations made at a recent IMS (International Microwave Symposium) workshop, this cutting-edge resource provides a comprehensive treatment of nonlinear behavioral modeling for RF and microwave circuits and systems from renowned experts in the field. Presenting state-of-the-art RF and microwave applications, this practical book gives you hands-on techniques that you can use immediately on your current projects.

Achieve accurate and reliable parameter extraction using this complete survey of state-of-the-art techniques and methods. A team of experts from industry and academia provides you with insights into a range of key topics, including parasitics, intrinsic extraction, statistics, extraction uncertainty, nonlinear and DC parameters, self-heating and traps, noise, and package effects. Learn how similar approaches to parameter extraction can be applied to different technologies. A variety of real-world industrial examples and measurement results show you how the theories and methods presented can be used in practice. Whether you use transistor models for evaluation of device processing and you need to understand the methods behind the models you use, or you want to develop models for existing and new device types, this is your complete guide to parameter extraction.

Increasing complexity combined with decreasing geometrical sizes in electric circuit design lead to high dimensional dynamical models to be considered by EDA tools. Model order reduction (MOR) has become a popular strategy to decrease the problem's size while preserving its crucial properties. MOR shall achieve accurate statements on a circuit's behavior within an affordable amount of computational time. Just recently, MOR techniques are designed to consider the differential algebraic nature of the underlying models. We present an approach based on an e-embedding, i.e., a strategy applied in the construction of numerical integration schemes for differential algebraic equations (DAEs). The system of DAEs is transformed into an artificial system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), since MOR schemes for ODEs can be applied now. We construct, analyze and test different strategies with respect to the usage of the parameter e that transforms the DAEs into ODEs. Moreover, accurate mathematical models for MOS-devices introduce highly nonlinear equations. As the packing density of devices is growing in circuit design, huge nonlinear systems appear in practice. It follows an increasing demand for reduced order modeling of nonlinear problems. In the thesis, we also review the status of existing techniques for nonlinear MOR by investigating the performance of the schemes applied in circuit simulation.

In electronic circuit and system design, the word noise is used to refer to any undesired excitation on the system. In other contexts, noise is also used to refer to signals or excitations which exhibit chaotic or random behavior. The source of noise can be either internal or external to the system. For instance, the thermal and shot noise generated within integrated circuit devices are in ternal noise sources, and the noise picked up from the environment through electromagnetic interference is an external one. Electromagnetic interference can also occur between different components of the same system. In integrated circuits (Ies), signals in one part of the system can propagate to the other parts of the same system through electromagnetic coupling, power supply lines and the Ie substrate. For instance, in a mixed-signal Ie, the switching activity in the digital parts of the circuit can adversely affect the performance of the analog section of the circuit by traveling through the power supply lines and the substrate. Prediction of the effect of these noise sources on the performance of an electronic system is called noise analysis or noise simulation. A methodology for the noise analysis or simulation of an electronic system usually has the following four components: 2 NOISE IN NONLINEAR ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS • Mathematical representations or models for the noise sources. • Mathematical model or representation for the system that is under the in fluence of the noise sources.

Circuit Simulation Methods and Algorithms provides a step-by-step theoretical consideration of methods, techniques, and algorithms in an easy-to-understand format. Many illustrations explain more difficult problems and present instructive circuits. The book works on three levels: The simulator-user level for practitioners and students who want to better understand circuit simulators. The basic theoretical level, with examples, dedicated to students and beginning researchers. The thorough level for deep insight into circuit simulation based on computer experiments using PSPICE and OPTIMA. Only basic mathematical knowledge, such as matrix algebra, derivatives, and integrals, is presumed.

Circuit simulation is widely used for the design of circuits, both discrete and integrated. Device modeling is an impor tant aspect of circuit simulation since it is the link between the physical device and the sim ulate d device. Curren tly available circuit simulation programs provide a variety of built-in models. Many circuit designers use these built-in models whereas some incorporate new models in the circuit sim ulation programs. Understanding device modeling with particular emphasis on circuit simulation will be helpful in utilizing the built-in models more efficiently as well as in implementing new models. SPICE is used as a vehicle since it is the most widely used circuit sim ulation program. How ever, some issues are addressed which are not directly appli cable to SPICE but are applicable to circuit simulation in general. These discussions are useful for modifying SPICE and for understanding other simulation programs. The gen eric version 2G. 6 is used as a reference for SPICE, although numerous different versions exist with different modifications. This book describes field effect transistor models commonly used in a variety of circuit sim ulation pro grams. Understanding of the basic device physics and some familiarity with device modeling is assumed. Derivation of the model equations is not included. ( SPICE is a circuit sim ulation program available from EECS Industrial Support Office, 461 Cory Hall, University of Cali fornia, Berkeley, CA 94720. ) Acknowledgements I wish to express my gratitude to Valid Logic Systems, Inc.