Opportunities and challenges for mangrove management in Vietnam

Opportunities and challenges for mangrove management in Vietnam
Author: Pham, T.T.,Vu, T.P.,Pham, D.C.,Dao, L.H.T.,Nguyen, V.T.,Hoang, N.V.H.,Hoang, T.L.,Dao, T.L.C.,Nguyen, D.T.
Publsiher: CIFOR
Total Pages: 55
Release: 2019-09-30
Genre: Electronic Book
ISBN: 9786023871223

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In Vietnam, mangrove forests have been threatened by economic pressures and climate change. This report aims to analyze both opportunities and constraints for mangrove protection and management in Vietnam.The study found that local people appreciate the role that mangroves play in providing income, an attractive landscape and shelter from climate change related floods and storms. Many communities would be willing to contribute between USD 2-20 per year to a trust fund so as to protect their forests. A large number of policies and projects promote mangrove conservation activities. This has helped strengthen law enforcement, raised local awareness of the role and importance of maintaining forests, and restricted the conversion of mangroves to other economic activities. Government policies and development projects also provide capacity building, training and seedlings for mangrove reforestation activities at the studied sites. Additionally, new incentives such as payment for forest environmental services (PFES) are emerging as a potential source of finance to support mangrove protection and development in the future. Collective action for mangrove protection is widely recognized and promoted among study sites. People have self-organized strikes and protests to oppose converting mangroves to other economic purposes.Many policies and projects offer social and economic incentives for mangrove protection. However, they are impeded by insecure tenure, land grabbing, elite capture, inequitable benefit-sharing, and unclear responsibilities among government agencies at central, provincial and multilateral levels. Access to information on both policies and projects is difficult for local people. The monitoring and evaluation systems, incentives and disincentives designed by policies and projects have low enforcement and compliance. Policies and projects strongly emphasize and create incentives to replant mangrove forests, rather than to maintain and conserve existing mangrove forest areas. Incentives are also designed to compensate local labor costs for replanting mangrove or patrolling activities, rather than addressing the direct drivers of deforestation and degradation.Protecting mangroves requires a policy shift in land-use planning to address the drivers of mangrove deforestation and degradation. These drivers, in turn, respond to national and provincial economic development agendas, which focus on aquaculture expansion and migration. Cross-sectoral coordination also needs to be further enhanced to improve effectiveness in law enforcement. Enhancing local participation in mangrove forest protection and development requires a gender-sensitive approach and enabling conditions, such as well-enforced policies, accountable and transparent benefit-sharing, and inclusive decision making.

Opportunities and challenges for mangrove restoration in the Mekong Delta Status policies and stakeholder outlook

Opportunities and challenges for mangrove restoration in the Mekong Delta  Status  policies and stakeholder outlook
Author: Pham, T.T.,Vien, N.N.,Vo, Q.T.,Tang, T.K.H.,Nguyen, T.L.,Tran, N.M.H.,Nguyen, T.T.A.,Nguyen, T.V.A.,Nguyen, N.Q.
Publsiher: CIFOR
Total Pages: 58
Release: 2022-07-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9789966108722

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Wildlife management and conservation in Vietnam From policy to practice

Wildlife management and conservation in Vietnam  From policy to practice
Author: Nguyễn Thị, V.A.,Nguyễn Thị, T.A.,Pham, T.T.,Tăng Thị, K.H.
Publsiher: CIFOR
Total Pages: 68
Release: 2021-12-20
Genre: Electronic Book
ISBN: 9182736450XXX

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Vietnam Forestry Development Strategy

Vietnam Forestry Development Strategy
Author: Trieu, V.H.,Pham, T.T.,Đào Thị, L.C.
Publsiher: CIFOR
Total Pages: 54
Release: 2020-12-18
Genre: Electronic Book
ISBN: 9786023871469

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The Vietnam Forestry Development Strategy (VFDS) is one of the country’s most important plans for the forestry sector. The strategic directions, objectives and solutions within it differ from time to time, depending on the political goals and perspectives of the moment, as well as the role that the forestry sector plays in Vietnam’s overall socio-economic development. Regardless of such changes, inheriting lessons learned, developing the next strategy off the back of the experience gained from solving previous challenges, and taking advantage of opportunities, are always the top priorities of the Government of Vietnam. This report is the result of a collaboration between the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) and the Vietnam Administration of Forestry (VNFOREST); it is intended to provide VNFOREST with input as they develop the new strategy. Based on secondary document research and stakeholder interviews, the report reviews achievements and challenges in the implementation of VFDS 2006–2020, as well as provides recommendations for policy makers to consider in the process of developing the new strategy. Research results show that, by 2020, Vietnam had exceeded a number of the goals set out in VFDS 2006–2020, including: (i) accelerating the growth of production value in the sector; (ii) increasing the export value of wood and forest products; (iii) increasing domestic wood production; and (iv) planting protection forest (PTF) and special-use forests (SUF). However, the forestry sector still faces many challenges when it comes to other key performance indicators, such as: (i) increasing the area of production forests (PDF) with certification of sustainable forest management (SFM); (ii) increasing large-diameter timber production; (iii) increasing revenue for forest environmental services (FES); (iv) securing forest and forest land for the purposes of allocation and leases; (v) reducing the number of poor households in forestry areas; and (vi) increasing the rate at which forestry workers are trained. Although some anticipated targets were not achieved, others were exceeded, for example: forest cover; reforestation after logging; reduction of forest protection violations; and scattered tree planting. That these goals were achieved or exceeded is the result of strong political commitment, policies trend-matching the market, improvements in central and local management capacity, the active support of international donors, and the involvement of civil society and the private sector. That some targets were not achieved is due to the challenges of implementing policy effectively, efficiently and equitably at grassroots level, lack of resources and funding, and some ambitious goals and targets not being realistic in the current economic, political and market contexts. Addressing these challenges requires a new approach and more effective economic, social and technical solutions. Development of VFDS 2021–2030 and the 2050 vision needs to consider the implementation achievements and challenges of the previous policy, as well as how to align with global trends, and balance these with the current political, economic and social development context in Vietnam. The direction of the new strategy must also be considered in the context of international requirements, to facilitate the mobilization of domestic and foreign financial resources to help modernize the industry, as well as enhance the forestry sector’s role and value in terms of poverty reduction, sustainable economic development and ensuring sustainable forest ecosystems.

Mangroves of Vietnam

Mangroves of Vietnam
Author: Phan Nguyen Hong,Hoʻang Thi San
Publsiher: IUCN
Total Pages: 192
Release: 1993
Genre: Mangrove ecology
ISBN: 283170166X

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Drivers of Mangrove Forest Change and its Effects on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

Drivers of Mangrove Forest Change and its Effects on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
Author: Jennifer Howard,Dominic A. Andradi-Brown,Valerie Hagger,Sigit Sasmito,Jared Bosire
Publsiher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 171
Release: 2022-08-25
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 9782889766932

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Forest carbon market in Vietnam Legal framework opportunities and challenges

Forest carbon market in Vietnam  Legal framework  opportunities and challenges
Author: Pham, T.T.,Tăng Thị, K.H.,Nguyễn, C.C.,
Publsiher: CIFOR
Total Pages: 45
Release: 2023-02-02
Genre: Electronic Book
ISBN: 9182736450XXX

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Who will buy Potential buyers for mangrove environmental services in Vietnam

Who will buy  Potential buyers for mangrove environmental services in Vietnam
Author: Pham, T.T.,Hoàng, T.L.,Ðào Thi, L.C.,Hà, C.N.,Hoàng, M.H.,Hoàng, T.U.,Hoàng Thị, T.T.,Nông Nguyễn, K.N.,Nguyễn, D.T.,Trương, V.V.,Nguyễn, T.N.
Publsiher: CIFOR
Total Pages: 8
Release: 2020-06-03
Genre: Electronic Book
ISBN: 9182736450XXX

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Key messagesWhen it comes to mangroves in Vietnam, the payment mechanism for forest environmental services (PFES) can be applied to 8 types of environmental services: (1) carbon absorption and storage; (2) sedimentation and sludge reduction; (3) coastal erosion protection; (4) wave shielding; (5) supplying clean water, filtering heavy metals and pollutants; (6) spawning grounds provision; (7) landscape – tourism; and (8) food and ingredient provision.There are 20 potential buyer groups that could pay for mangrove environment services in Hai Phong. These include: companies focused on dredging, sand mining, clean water, energy, banking, petroleum, entertainment, tourism, shipbuilding, air transport, and producers of agricultural, forestry and aquatic products; fishing and sea ports; those involved in the coastal economic zone; industries focused on mining and metallurgy, transportation and thermal power; dike management groups; and residential communities. While some buyer groups have expressed strong commitment to make payments (e.g. banks, energy companies, those producing agricultural, forestry and aquatic products), more research is needed to understand how willing other parties are to participate in paying for environmental services.In Hai Phong, two of these environmental services – (1) carbon absorption and storage and (5) clean water provision and heavy metal filtration – have the largest number of potential buyers.To develop a mechanism for payment for environmental services, four key questions must be answered: (1) Which services are being paid for? (2) Who is paying? (3) How much is the payment? and (4) What is the revenue and expenditure mechanism? Answering these will need long-term, thorough research, particularly demonstrating stakeholders use of environmental services. Based on the pre-feasibility study in 2018–2019, this policy summary answers the first two questions. The last two will be answered in another policy brief, once the study is complete in 2020.