Ovid In The Middle Ages

This book explores the extraordinary influence of Ovid upon the culture - learned, literary, artistic and popular - of medieval Europe.

Reading Ovid in Medieval Wales provides the first complete edition and discussion of the earliest surviving fragment of Ovid's Ars amatoria, or The Art of Love, glossed mainly in Latin but also in Old Welsh. This study discusses the significance of the manuscript for classical studies and how it was absorbed into the classical Ovidian tradition.

This book is a study of Ovid and his poetry as a cultural phenomenon, conceived in the belief that such a study of tradition also casts fresh light on Ovid himself. Its main concern is with exploring the influence of Ovid on literature, especially English literature, but it also takes a wider perspective, including, for example, the visual arts. The book takes the form of a series of studies by specialists in their fields, including a number of scholars of international renown. The essays cover the period from the twelfth century, when there was an upsurge of interest in Ovid, through to the decline in his fortunes in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. They are critical and comparative in approach and collectively give a detailed sense of Ovid's importance in Western culture. Topics covered include Ovid's influence on Chaucer, Spenser, Shakespeare and his contemporaries, Dryden, T. S. Eliot, the myths of Daedalus and Icarus and Pygmalion, and the influence of Ovid's poetry on art.

The pseudonymous Appendix Ovidiana--which includes nature, erotic, and religious poetry--reflects different understandings of an admired Classical poet and expands his legacy through the Middle Ages. This is the first comprehensive collection and English translation of these medieval Latin verses ascribed to Ovid.

In the Middle and Early Modern Ages, translations of Ovid's Metamorphoses in the vernacular played a pivotal role in its transmission to Europe's emerging cultures. These vernacular translations, along with the glosses, commentaries, and illustrations that frequently accompanied them, are the subject of this volume. Ovid in the Vernacular covers eight linguistic areas (English, Spanish, Catalan, French, German, Italian, Dutch, and Greek) and offers new insights into how each of these appropriated and transformed the Latin poem through words and images. At the same time, it looks beyond national and linguistic borders, retracing the circulation of textual and non-textual elements of the vernacular Ovid across Europe, and connecting different literary traditions. This volume overcomes the perceived division between the Middle and Early Modern Ages as it charts both continuities and discontinuities between the two, addressing the influence of manuscript culture and print culture on the re-fashioning of Ovid. It thereby exposes the full range and power of the transformations to which Ovid's Metamorphoses lent itself, and how these allowed the work to become a constitutive part of the literary and artistic life of Western Europe.

This study of the definition of literature in the late medieval period is based on manuals of writing and on literary commentary and glosses. It defines a method of reading which may now profitably explain medieval texts, and identifies new primary medieval evidence which may ground and guide new reading. Allen chooses texts whose commentary tradition provides the greatest opportunity for completeness. The most important of these is Ovid’s Metamorphoses. Medieval readings of Ovid bring into focus a number of major literary questions—the problems of fable and fiction, of unity imposed by miscellany poetry, of allegorical commentary, and of Christian use of pagan culture—all in connection with text which furnished medieval authors with more stories than any other single source except possibly the Bible. Allen also studies commentaries on the Consolation of Philosophy of Boethius, the Thebaid of Statius, the De nuptiis of Martianus Capella, the medieval Christian hymn-book, and the Poetria nova of Geoffrey of Vinsauf. Together these texts represent the range of medieval literature—a literature which, Allen concludes, was taken as direct ethical discourse, logically conducted and artfully organized within a system of language that also assimilated the natural world and sought to absorb its audience.

Ovid, Rome’s most cynical and worldly love poet, has not until recently been highly regarded among Latin poets. Now, however, his reputation is growing, and this volume is an important contribution to the re-establishment of Ovid’s claims to critical attention. This collection of essays ranges over a wide variety of themes and works: Ovid’s development of the Elegiac tradition handed down to him from Propertius, Catullus and Tibullus; the often disparaged and neglected Heroides; the poetry of Ovid’s miserable exile by the Black Sea; the poetic diction of the Metamorphoses, Ovid’s lengthy mythological epic which codified classical myth and legend, and has strong claims to be considered, with the exception of Virgil’s Aeneid, Rome’s greatest epic poem; humour and the blending of the didactic and elegiac traditions in the Ars Amatoria and Remedia Amoris. Finally, Ovid’s incomparable influence in the Middle Ages and sixteenth century is examined.