Pharmacology 2

This report from the Committee on Military Nutrition Research reviews the history of caffeine usage, the metabolism of caffeine, and its physiological effects. The effects of caffeine on physical performance, cognitive function and alertness, and alleviation of sleep deprivation impairments are discussed in light of recent scientific literature. The impact of caffeine consumption on various aspects of health, including cardiovascular disease, reproduction, bone mineral density, and fluid homeostasis are reviewed. The behavioral effects of caffeine are also discussed, including the effect of caffeine on reaction to stress, withdrawal effects, and detrimental effects of high intakes. The amounts of caffeine found to enhance vigilance and reaction time consistently are reviewed and recommendations are made with respect to amounts of caffeine appropriate for maintaining alertness of military personnel during field operations. Recommendations are also provided on the need for appropriate labeling of caffeine-containing supplements, and education of military personnel on the use of these supplements. A brief review of some alternatives to caffeine is also provided.

This book explains the pharmacological relationships between the various systems in the human body. It offers a comprehensive overview of the pharmacology concerning the autonomic, central, and peripheral nervous systems. Presenting up-to-date information on chemical mediators and their significance, it highlights the therapeutic aspects of several diseases affecting the cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrinal, and hematopoietic systems. The book also includes drug therapy for microbial and neoplastic diseases. It also comprises sections on immunopharmacology, dermatological, and ocular pharmacology providing valuable insights into these emerging and recent topics. Covering the diverse groups of drugs acting on different systems, the book reviews their actions, clinical uses, adverse effects, interactions, and subcellular mechanisms of action. It is divided into 11 parts, subdivided into several chapters that evaluate the basic pharmacological principles that govern the different types of body systems. This book is intended for academicians, researchers, and clinicians in industry and academic institutions in pharmaceutical, pharmacological sciences, pharmacy, medical sciences, physiology, neurosciences, biochemistry, molecular biology and other allied health sciences.

The activities of the Food and Nutrition Board's Committee on Military Nutrition Research (CMNR, the committee) have been supported since 1994 by grant DAMD17-94-J-4046 from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC). This report fulfills the final reporting requirement of the grant, and presents a summary of activities for the grant period from December 1, 1994 through May 31, 1999. During this grant period, the CMNR has met from three to six times each year in response to issues that are brought to the committee through the Military Nutrition and Biochemistry Division of the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine at Natick, Massachusetts, and the Military Operational Medicine Program of USAMRMC at Fort Detrick, Maryland. The CMNR has submitted five workshop reports (plus two preliminary reports), including one that is a joint project with the Subcommittee on Body Composition, Nutrition, and Health of Military Women; three letter reports, and one brief report, all with recommendations, to the Commander, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, since September 1995 and has a brief report currently in preparation. These reports are summarized in the following activity report with synopses of additional topics for which reports were deferred pending completion of military research in progress. This activity report includes as appendixes the conclusions and recommendations from the nine reports and has been prepared in a fashion to allow rapid access to committee recommendations on the topics covered over the time period.

Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology is a practical, clinically-oriented pharmacology text designed to provide the veterinary student and practitioner with all the relevant information needed when designing drug treatment regimens for pets in small animal veterinary practice. Comprehensively updated and revised, the second edition of this core text covers essential new information on drugs used in the management of a range of presenting conditions including heart disease and cardiac arrhythmias. For the second edition new authors, superb new illustrations and a second colour have all been introduced. With its unique approach combining a thorough understanding of the pharmacological action of drugs with a basic understanding of the relevant physiology and pathophysiology of systems and tissues affected, Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology continues to be an indispensable book for all veterinary students and practitioners. Organised by drug class in a uniform and detailed structure which means it is easy to locate key information on dose rates, routes of administration, drug interactions and special considerations at a glance Key chapters based around treatment of disorders of particular body systems, eg cardiovascular and thyroid disorders Essential introductory chapters covering pharmacokinetics, general pharmacological principles and adverse reactions for a thorough basic grounding in the subject All authors are experienced clinicians and recognised experts in their field who bring a down to earth and practical approach to the text

Clinical Pharmacology During Pregnancy is written for clinicians, physicians, midwives, nurses, pharmacists and other medical professionals directly involved in the care of women during pregnancy. This book focuses on the impact of pregnancy on drug disposition and also includes coverage of treatments for diseases of specific body systems, as well as essential content on dosing and efficacy. Written in a clear and practical manner, this reference provides easily accessible information and clinical guidance on how best to treat women with medications during pregnancy. Utilizes an evidence-based approach for therapeutics during pregnancy Includes a summary of specific medications by indication with up-to-date information on dosing and efficacy in pregnancy for the given indication Highlights current research in this area and provides easily accessible and vital information for clinicians Complements the companion volume, Drugs During Pregnancy and Lactation by Schaefer et al and presents a bundling opportunity to the same target audience of medical professionals Includes a companion website containing support materials for professional or continuing education courses in OB pharmacology

This book covers all the pharmacology you need, from basic science pharmacology and pathophysiology, through to clinical pharmacology to therapeutics, in line with the integrated approach of new medical curricula. The first section covers the basic principles, and the rest is organised by body systems. The book ends with sections on toxicity and prescribing practice. Integrates basic science pharmacology, clinical pharmacology and therapeutics Brief review of pathophysiology of major diseases Case histories and multiple choice questions (and answers) Tabular presentation of all common drugs within each class Section on further reading Kinetics chapter simplified with more practical examples Includes more on genetic issues Drug tables made more concise to make information more accessible Fully updated to reflect current clinical practice