Photorealism In Computer Graphics

The goal of this book is to present the most advanced research works in realistic computer generated images. It is made up of the papers presented during a Eurographics workshop that has been held in Rennes (France) on June 1990. Although realism in computer graphics has existed for many years, we have considered that two research directions can now clearly be identified. One makes use of empirical methods to efficiently create images that look real. As opposed to this approach, the other orientation makes use of physics to produce images that are exact representations of the real world (at the expense of additional processing time), hence the term photosimulation which indeed was the subject of this book. The objectives of this workshop were to assemble experts from physics and computer graphics in order to contribute to the introduction of physics-based approaches in the field of computer generated images. The fact that this workshop was the first entirely devoted to this topic was a bet and fortunately it turned out that it was a success. The contents of this book is organized in five chapters: Efficient Ray Tracing Meth ods, Theory of Global Illumination Models, Photometric Algorithms, Form-Factor Cal culations and Physics-Based Methods.

Penning one of the first books to offer a systematic assessment of computer graphics, the authors provide detailed accounts of today's major non-photorealistic algorithms, along with the background information and implementation advice users need to put them to productive use.

Photorealistic rendering strives to generate images from computer modeled scenes with an image quality as close to real life as possible. A major issue in rendering is simulation of local and global light reflection in a scene. Both ray tracing and radiosity algorithms capture only some of the possible light reflection phenomena. Recently developed two-pass algorithms combine the ray tracing and radiosity approaches and are able to capture the whole range of light reflection. This book is a collection of papers discussing the latest developments, including a new range of improvements, in stochastic sampling strategies, radiosity form factor calculation, and parallel processing for ray tracing and radiosity. A number of papers on rendering applications in interior design, lighting design, and remote sensing conclude the volume. The contributions are revised versions of papers originally presented at the Second Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, held in Barcelona, Spain, in May 1991. The book fully reflects the state of the art in rendering and presentsa wide variety of novel techniques. It will interest researchers and students in computer graphics, as well as designers who want to apply rendering techniques for realistic simulation in lighting design, interior design, and architecture.

This book contains the final versions of the proceedings of the fifth EUROGRA PHICS Workshop on Rendering held in Darmstadt, Germany, between 13-15 June 1994. With around 80 participants and 30 papers, the event continued the successful tradition of the previous ones establishing the event as the most im portant meeting for persons working on this area world-wide. After more than 20 years of research, rendering remains an partially unsolved, interesting, and challenging topic. This year 71 (!) papers have been submitted from Europe, North America, and Asia. The average quality in terms of technical merit was impressive, showing that substantial work is achieved on this topic from several groups around the world. In general we all gained the impression that in the mean time the technical quality of the contributions is comparable to that of a specialised high-end, full scale conference. All papers have been reviewed from at least three members of the program committee. In addition, several colleagues helped us in managing the reviewing process in time either by supporting additional reviews, or by assisting the members of the committee. We have been very happy to welcome eminent invited speakers. Holly Rush meier is internationally well known for her excellent work in all areas of rendering and gave us a review of modelling and rendering participating media with em phasis on scientific visualization. In addition, Peter Shirley presented a survey about future rends in rendering techniques.

The ubiquity of computer-generated imagery around us, in movies, advertising or on the Internet is already being taken for granted and what impresses most people is the photorealistic quality of the images. Pictures, as we have often been told, are worth a thousand words and the information transported by an image can take many different forms. Man

"The Algorithms and Principles of Non-photorealistic Graphics: Artistic Rendering and Cartoon Animation" provides a conceptual framework for and comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of research on non-photorealistic computer graphics including methodologies, algorithms and software tools dedicated to generating artistic and meaningful images and animations. This book mainly discusses how to create art from a blank canvas, how to convert the source images into pictures with the desired visual effects, how to generate artistic renditions from 3D models, how to synthesize expressive pictures from textual, graphical and pictorial data, and how to speed up the production of cartoon animation sequences with temporal coherence. It is intended for researchers and graduate students in the fields of computer graphics, digital media arts, and cartoon animation. Dr. Weidong Geng is a professor at the Department of Digital Media Technology and State Key Laboratory of Computer Aided Design and Computer Graphics, Zhejiang University, China.

Even as developments in photorealistic computer graphics continue to affect our work and leisure activities, practitioners and researchers are devoting more and more attention to non-photorealistic (NPR) techniques for generating images that appear to have been created by hand. These efforts benefit every field in which illustrations—thanks to their ability to clarify, emphasize, and convey very precise meanings—offer advantages over photographs. These fields include medicine, architecture, entertainment, education, geography, publishing, and visualization. Non-Photorealistic Computer Graphics is the first and only resource to examine non-photorealistic efforts in depth, providing detailed accounts of the major algorithms, as well as the background information and implementation advice readers need to make headway with these increasingly important techniques. Already, an estimated 10% of computer graphics users require some form of non-photorealism. Strothotte and Schlechtweg's important new book is designed and destined to be the standard NPR reference for this large, diverse, and growing group of professionals. Hard-to-find information needed by a wide range and growing number of computer graphics programmers and applications users. Traces NPR principles and techniques back to their origins in human vision and perception. Focuses on areas that stand to benefit most from advances in NPR, including medical and architectural illustration, cartography, and data visualization. Presents algorithms for two and three-dimensional effects, using pseudo-code where needed to clarify complex steps. Helps readers attain pen-and-ink, pencil-sketch, and painterly effects, in addition to other styles. Explores specific challenges for NPR—including "wrong" marks, deformation, natural media, artistic technique, lighting, and dimensionality. Includes a series of programming projects in which readers can apply the book's concepts and algorithms.