Popular Religion In Egypt During The New Kingdom

Revised and expanded, this volume deals with the religious traditions of ancient Egypt, which have come down to us in a state which is both extremely fragmentary and complex. New material - especially hymns collected in Theban tombs - now allows a much more precise allocation of religious texts and ideas in terms of time, place and social context. Within the field of solar religion, no less than five different traditions have to be distinguished: 1) the liturgical traditions of the royal solar cult, which for their secrecy and exclusivity are labelled the "mysteries" of the sun cult; 2) the traditional mythology of the solar course expressed in hymns and pictorial representations; 3) the revolutionary process culminating in the Amarna period, which discards the mythic images and gives a monotheistic construction of the solar course, a process which starts before Akhenaten's revolution; 4) the theology of Amun-Re, the God of Thebes, before the Amarna Period, a theology of primacy where one god acts as chief of a pantheon; and 5) the quite different theology of this same Amun-Re after Amarna, a theology which answers the monotheistic experience by developing a kind of pantheism - the concept of the hidden god - who is both cosmic god and personal saviour.

First Published in 1995. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Describes the role of religion in ancient Egypt during the New Kingdom period, from about 1550 BCE to about 1070 BCE, including the diverse gods and goddesses the people worshipped, their creation myths, and the role of priesthood.

This study has three main themes: the definition of personal religion and religious domestic practices from a theoretical perspective; the description and analysis of the main archaeological and anthropological evidence; and, on that basis, the study of the impact of the Amarna period in the development of personal religion during the New Kingdom.

*Includes pictures *Includes ancient accounts of the New Kingdom *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading Africa may have given rise to the first human beings, and Egypt probably gave rise to the first great civilizations, which continue to fascinate modern societies across the globe nearly 5,000 years later. From the Library and Lighthouse of Alexandria to the Great Pyramid at Giza, the Ancient Egyptians produced several wonders of the world, revolutionized architecture and construction, created some of the world's first systems of mathematics and medicine, and established language and art that spread across the known world. With world-famous leaders like King Tut and Cleopatra, it's no wonder that today's world has so many Egyptologists. What makes the accomplishments of the Ancient Egyptians all the more remarkable is that Egypt was historically a place of great political turbulence. Its position made it both valuable and vulnerable to tribes across the Mediterranean and the Middle East, and Ancient Egypt had no shortage of its own internecine warfare. Its most famous conquerors would come from Europe, with Alexander the Great laying the groundwork for the Hellenic Ptolemy line and the Romans extinguishing that line after defeating Cleopatra and driving her to suicide. Among all the periods in ancient Egyptian history, the New Kingdom (ca. 1550-1050 BCEE) is perhaps the best known among non-specialists and Egyptologists alike. The reasons for wide-ranging modern knowledge of the New Kingdom are many and include a wealth of extant written materials, several well-preserved temples, and numerous larger-than-life kings and other personalities. In terms of literature, the New Kingdom not only boasts the most extant texts that have been translated and studied by modern scholars, but also a number of texts originally produced during earlier periods of Egyptian history that were copied during the New Kingdom. The texts span several genres including religion, historiography, bureaucracy, and diplomacy, which have all helped Egyptologists reconstruct the chronology, religious practices, and daily lives of Egyptians during the New Kingdom. Many of the texts were inscribed on the walls of some of Egypt's greatest temples such as Medinet Habu, Luxor, and most impressive of all, Karnak. The abundance of literature written and temples constructed during the New Kingdom was the direct result of Egypt's growing influence in the Near East during the late Bronze Age. By the time of Egypt's Nineteenth Dynasty, the Egyptians had created a vast empire that stretched from what would be the modern region of northern Sudan in the south to southern Syria in the north (Kuhrt 2010, 1:185). With control of such a vast empire, the Egyptians were able to export valuable minerals such as gold and silver, which were much rarer in the other Near Eastern kingdoms, and imported horses, timber, and chariots that they used to build their impressive military. A chronological examination of ancient Egypt during the New Kingdom reveals the process in which Egypt transitioned from a regional kingdom to an international empire. The examination will demonstrate that the New Kingdom was a fairly complex system that brought about several changes in pharaonic culture before ultimately collapsing. The New Kingdom of Ancient Egypt: The History and Legacy of the Egyptian Empire at the Peak of Its Power chronicles the tumultuous history of Egypt late in the second millennium BCE. Along with pictures depicting important people, places, and events, you will learn about the New Kingdom like never before.

Lectures given at a symposium held in 1987, sponsored by Fordham University.