Practical Visual Electrophysiological Examination

This book includes the concept, general summary and the equipment of the visual electrophysiological examination. It also covers the clinical application scope, diagnosis protocol, standardized operation steps, clinical report samples, and the key points of reading reports, etc. of visual evoked potential (VEP), electroretinogram (ERG), electrooculogram (EOG), multifocal VEP, multifocal ERG and other commonly used visual electrophysiological examinations. Typical clinical report examples of normal and abnormal waveforms are specially added, which is a highlight of this book and can help clinical technicians quickly grasp the key points of electrophysiological report reading.

The long-awaited second edition of an authoritative reference on electrophysiologic vision testing, including detailed information on techniques and problems, basic physiology and anatomy, theoretical concepts, and clinical findings; with extensive new material. This authoritative text is the only comprehensive reference available on electrophysiologic vision testing, offering both practical information on techniques and problems as well as basic physiology and anatomy, theoretical concepts, and clinical correlations. The second edition, of the widely used text, offers extensive new material and updated information: 65 of the 84 chapters are completely new, with the changes reflecting recent advances in the field. The book will continue to be an essential resource for practitioners and scholars from a range of disciplines within vision science. The contributions not only cover new information—important material that is likely to become more important in the next decade—but also offer a long-range perspective on the field and its remarkable development in the last century. After discussing the history and background of clinical electrophysiology, the book introduces the anatomy of the retina and principles of cell biology in the visual pathways at the molecular, physiological, and biochemical levels. It relates these new findings to the techniques and interpretations of clinical tests, including the electro-oculogram (EOG), electroretinogram (ERG), and visual evoked potentials (VEP), which are discussed in detail, as are equipment, data acquisition and analysis, principles and protocols for clinical testing, diseases and dysfunction, and animal testing. Notable additions for this edition include chapters on the origin of electroretinogram waveforms, multifocal techniques, testing in standard laboratory animals, recent advances in analysis of abnormalities in disease, and the applications of these techniques to the study of genetic abnormalities.

Written by an experienced clinician and researcher in the field, this reference provides practical information on the clinical recording techniques, physiologic origins, and applications of electroretinogram (ERG), electro-oculogram (EOG), and visual evoked potential (VEP) tests.

This book provides an analytical and thorough review of clinical electrophysiology of vision, and the progress made in the field in the past decade. Handbook of Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision is designed to aid the readers in understanding the types of electrophysiologic tests that should be used in specific diseases, how to explain the results of these exams, and how to perform the tests of clinical electrophysiology of vision. Concise in format, the Handbook of Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision is divided into two sections that discuss a wide range of relevant topics, such as technology of electroretinography, electrooculography, visual evoked potential, characteristics of electroretinography in retinal diseases, and the characteristics of optic nerve diseases. Part one begins with a discussion on the basic theory of electrophysiology of vision, illustrating physiologic sources of electrophysiological responses, the techniques of the recording, and analysis of electrophysiologic signals. Part two then dives into the clinical application of electrophysiology of vision, and subsequently summarizes the characteristics of the electrophysiological signals in a number of disorders of retina and optic nerve. Written by experts in the field, Handbook of Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision is an invaluable resource for ophthalmologists, optometrists, electrophysiologists, residents, fellows, researchers, technicians and students in ophthalmology, optometry and vision science.

Bridging the clinical electrophysiological investigation with the neurological consultation Acutely ill patients present with symptoms that don’t immediately yield a diagnosis. Electrophysiological testing can support diagnosis but only if the appropriate tests are ordered. They must be properly interpreted in conjunction with the actual symptoms. Clinical Electrophysiology presents a wide range of symptoms with specific electrophysiological results. The handbook shows how the complete picture leads to better diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic conclusions. The book is organized by the presenting neurological problem in a clinical setting. For each case the authors provide a possible electrophysiological result. This is interpreted and tied to the patient’s symptoms to yield a clinical solution. The handbook avoids theoretical discussion to provide a direct practical guide that: Begins with the patient’s symptoms Uses a range of electrophysiological modalities Shows different test results for similar symptoms Relates clinical observation to electrophysiological testing A final casebook section presents readers with rarer clinical challenges for self-testing. Providing practical, to-the-point guidance on electrophysiological investigations, Clinical Electrophysiology will guide all neurologists attending acutely ill patients.

Examines electrophysiologic testing in disorders of the retina, optic nerve and visual pathway. The book includes references for further reading and a self-study examination.

Proceedings of the 19th ISCEV Symposium, Horgen-Zürich, Switzerland, June 1-5, 1981

Evoked potentials are potentials that are derived from the peripheral or central nervous system. They are time locked with an external stimulus and can be influenced by subjective intentions. Evoked potentials have become increasingly popular for clinical diagnosis over the last few years. Evoked potentials from the visual system are used by ophthalmologists in order to localize the abnormalities in the visual pathway. The otologists are mainly involved in brainstem auditory evoked potentials, while the pediatricians, neonatologists, neurologists and clinical neurophysiologists make use of multimodal stimulation. The psychiatrists and psychologists, generally, examine the slow potentials such as P300 and CNV. Anesthesiologists use short latency somatosensory and visual evoked potentials in order to monitor the effectiveness of the anesthesia. Pharmaco evoked potentials are very promising measures for the quan tification of the effectiveness of drug action on the cerebral cortex. Urologists are more and more involved in pudendal somatosensory evoked potentials and in the intensive care unit evoked potentials are used in order to monitor the functional state of the central nervous system of the patient. This overwhelming number of examinations and exam ina tors clearly demonstrates the need for guidelines and standardization of the methods used. The evoked potential metholody is restricted by the relative poor signal to noise ratio. In many diseases this signal to noise ratio decrease rapidly during the progression of the illness. Optimal technical equipment and methodology are therefore essential.