Preparation Of Solid Catalysts

Solid catalysts play a fundamental role in all areas between basic research and industrial applications. This book offers a large amount of information about the preparation of solid catalysts. All types of solid catalysts and all important aspects of their preparation are discussed. The highly topical contributions are written by leading experts in disciplines ranging from solid state, interface and solution chemistry to industrial engineering. The straightforward presentation of the material and the comprehensive coverage make this book an essential and indispensible tool for every scientist and engineer working with solid catalysts.

This practical book combines recent progress with a discussion of the general aspects of catalyst preparation. The first part deals with the basic principles of solid catalyst preparation, explaining the main aspects of sol-gel chemistry and interfacial chemistry, followed by such techniques as co-precipitation and immobilization. New tools for catalyst preparation research, including microspectroscopy and high-throughput experimentation, are also taken into account. The second part heightens the practical relevance by providing six case studies on such topics as the preparation of zeolites, hydrotreating catalysts, methanol catalysts and gold catalysts

Solid catalysts play a fundamental role in all areas between basic research and industrial applications. This book offers a large amount of information about the preparation of solid catalysts. All types of solid catalysts and all important aspects of their preparation are discussed. The highly topical contributions are written by leading experts in disciplines ranging from solid state, interface and solution chemistry to industrial engineering. The straightforward presentation of the material and the comprehensive coverage make this book an essential and indispensible tool for every scientist and engineer working with solid catalysts.

Advanced Functional Solid Catalysts for Biomass Valorization presents the basic concepts in catalysis (homogeneous, heterogeneous, and enzymatic) and the properties of various kinds of heterogeneous solid catalysts, including their structure, porosity, particle size, BET surface area, acid-base, and redox properties. Useful information about biorefineries, types of biomass feedstocks, their structures and properties as well as about several potential catalytic routes for biomass upgrading to useful fuels and chemicals is provided in this book. Importantly, this book covers the most recent developments toward functionalization of various solid catalysts, optimization of catalysts’ properties, developing cascade catalytic strategies, exploring reaction kinetics/mechanisms, and evaluating catalysts’ stability/reusability during biomass upgrading. Current challenges and opportunities for the future biorefineries as well as for the design of advanced functional solid catalysts are critically discussed. Describes catalysis as a promising technology for the development of eco-friendly and economically viable strategies for several important energy and environmental applications. Covers heterogeneous solid catalysts because of their versatile benefits in terms of catalysts’ synthesis, production cost, stability, and reusability as compared to homogeneous liquid catalysts. Provides promising strategies for the design of new catalytic materials, such as carbon materials, metal–organic frameworks, zeolites, and mesoporous silicas. Describes functional solid catalysts for developing one-pot cascade processes for efficient biomass valorization and other vital chemical transformations.

Improving the effectiveness of catalysts is the best way to ensure cleaner, more efficient industrial processes for a wide range of applications. Catalyst Preparation: Science and Engineering explores the optimization of catalytic materials through traditional and novel methods of catalyst preparation, characterization, and monitoring on laboratory and industrial scales. The book presents many key principles of heterogeneous catalyst preparation and the methods used to synthesize a catalyst with a particular composition and morphology. The first chapters examine the synthesis of bulk materials including amorphous and mesoporous oxide supports, heteropolyacids, and colloidal metals. Subsequent chapters focus on the syntheses of heterogeneous nanoscale materials, including those based on metal complex–substrate interactions and those using non-interacting precursors via viscous drying. The final chapters concentrate on pretreatment, drying, and finishing effects before concluding with a prognosis on future applications involving catalyst preparation and the technological advances necessary for continued progress. An ideal companion for scientists exploring the preparation of application-specific catalysts based on desired catalytic properties, Catalyst Preparation: Science and Engineering provides a balanced overview of important synthesis parameters to consider for good catalyst design.

Heterogeneous Catalytic Materials discusses experimental methods and the latest developments in three areas of research: heterogeneous catalysis; surface chemistry; and the chemistry of catalysts. Catalytic materials are those solids that allow the chemical reaction to occur efficiently and cost-effectively. This book provides you with all necessary information to synthesize, characterize, and relate the properties of a catalyst to its behavior, enabling you to select the appropriate catalyst for the process and reactor system. Oxides (used both as catalysts and as supports for catalysts), mixed and complex oxides and salts, halides, sulfides, carbides, and unsupported and supported metals are all considered. The book encompasses applications in industrial chemistry, refinery, petrochemistry, biomass conversion, energy production, and environmental protection technologies. Provides a systematic and clear approach of the synthesis, solid state chemistry and surface chemistry of all solid state catalysts Covers widely used instrumental techniques for catalyst characterization, such as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and more Includes characterization methods and lists all catalytic behavior of the solid state catalysts Discusses new developments in nanocatalysts and their advantages over conventional catalysts

"This book is a comprehensive collection of fundamental and applied studies enlightening specific aspects of the catalyst synthesis and novel catalytic processes as transition to clean energy age from renewable resources. It illustrates the diversity of approaches to meet not only the growing demand of energy but also the environmental driving force to produce clean energy"--

Applied catalysis is based nowadays not only on empirical knowledge but also on the many insights, that have been gained from the fundamental understanding of catalysis. It also comprises knowledge and expertise from catalytic reaction engineering, in particular kinetics of the catalytic reaction and its interplay with heat and mass transfer as well as fluid dynamics and the specific conditions prevailing in the type of reactor used. Applied catalysis comprises many areas from a reaction point of view, many types of catalytic materials from which catalysts are formed are needed to achieve high selectivities and space-time yields, last but not least catalysts should have a long life time to which its deactivation is detrimental. A catalytic material that fulfils all the demands then often requires special mechanical and thermal treatment to be used in practise. Various books have been written about specific areas as mentioned above. It is the intention of this contribution to present timely reports by well-recognised experts in the field to outline the state of science and technology in selected but representative areas illustrating the basic principles of applied catalysis.