Protecci N Social En Salud En Am Rica Latina Y El Caribe

El enfoque predominante de lo social centrado en la focalización, los subsidios a la demanda, la descentralización y la privatización que han dominado el escenario regional en las últimas décadas han conducido a incrementar la vulnerabilidad social y la pobreza –y con ellas el deterioro en las condiciones de salud y acceso a servicios de la población–, y han puesto de nuevo en la agenda la forma como los estados deben brindar protección social a su población. Los tiempos presentes marcan una mayor diversidad de decisiones sobre lo social, muchas de las cuales han tomado notorias distancias con respecto a las políticas hegemónicas que fueron instaladas en la mayor parte de los países en las décadas anteriores. Esta publicación acoge ese debate y hace una contribución a la crítica y prospectiva sobre las orientaciones que subyacen a las reformas sectoriales y políticas de protección social en salud de los últimos tiempos Se apoya en desarrollos conceptuales alternativos sobre la cuestión social y los que surgen del análisis de distintas experiencias nacionales.

Garantizar el derecho a la salud en igualdad de condiciones para todos es una meta hacia la que toda sociedad quiere avanzar, máxime en una región tan desigual como América Latina y el Caribe. La cobertura universal es un objetivo importante para la mayoría de los países; sin embargo, el contexto para lograr una cobertura universal es difícil: cada día aumenta la presión sobre el gasto en salud. Entonces, ¿qué incluir o no incluir en un plan de beneficios en salud?

The newest issue of the Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica/Pan American Journal of Public Health is devoted entirely to the subject of health sector reform in North, Central, and South America and the Caribbean. The special, 150-page double issue of Ju

The 2002 edition of this quadrennial publication presents a regional analysis of the health situation and trends in the Americas region, as well as for each of the 47 countries and territories in the region. It is published in two volumes and covers mainly the years from 1997-2000. This edition focuses upon the inequalities in health. Volume One looks at issues dealing with leading health and health-related indicators, ranging from mortality and changes in life expectancy to the relationship between health and income distribution. It also considers current health conditions and trends including disease prevention and control, health promotion and environmental protection. Volume Two examines each country's overall health conditions, including institutional organisation, health regulations and the overall operation of health services.

In 2010 the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) proposed a comprehensive development strategy entitled Time for equality: closing gaps, opening trails. This edition of Social Panorama takes a more in-depth look at the chain that produces and reproduces social gaps; it addresses other spheres as well. It focuses on how structural heterogeneity (productivity gaps in the national economies), labour segmentation and gaps in social protection are linked along the chain. Demographic factors such as fertility differentiated by education and income level are discussed, as are more specific patterns of risk and exclusion like those impacting young people in the Caribbean.

“One of the definite merits of this book is to cleverly mix a theoretical breakthrough with a meticulous historical and empirical account of the transformations of some key Latin American countries. First, it is at the frontier of a research agenda initiated back to the end of the 1970s, second it clearly distinguishes between an ideal-type approach and the complexity of any specific national configuration and its transformation in history. Furthermore, the author provides decisive arguments against a pure economic determinism too frequently supposed to govern institutions building and reforms. Last but not least, the book culminates by an impressive analysis of the crises that quite any Latin America society experiences at the end the 2010s.” -Robert Boyer, Institut des Amériques, Paris, France. This book defends the idea that there are significant structural and institutional differences between the countries in Latin America. Building off the results of a four-year research project, Bizberg argues against the idea that in Latin America there is one single type of capitalism—a hierarchical one—that is entangled in a vicious cycle. Rather, there are clusters of countries that have had similar historical trajectories, analogous structures, or comparable reactions to changes to the world economy, but have not all followed the same mode of development. Just as analysts have found a variety of capitalisms in developed countries, it is possible to identify the emergence of different types of capitalism in Latin America since the 1980s debt crisis. These varieties of capitalism are defined according to categories—including the articulation to the world economy, the role of the State, the structure of the political system and the action of civil society—which give rise to distinct wage relations, comprising the industrial relations system and the welfare regime.