Real Time Quantum Dynamics Of Electron Phonon Systems

This book develops a methodology for the real-time coupled quantum dynamics of electrons and phonons in nanostructures, both isolated structures and those open to an environment. It then applies this technique to both fundamental and practical problems that are relevant, in particular, to nanodevice physics, laser–matter interaction, and radiation damage in living tissue. The interaction between electrons and atomic vibrations (phonons) is an example of how a process at the heart of quantum dynamics can impact our everyday lives. This is e.g. how electrical current generates heat, making your toaster work. It is also a key process behind many crucial problems down to the atomic and molecular scale, such as the functionality of nanoscale electronic devices, the relaxation of photo-excited systems, the energetics of systems under irradiation, and thermoelectric effects. Electron–phonon interactions represent a difficult many-body problem. Fairly standard techniques are available for tackling cases in which one of the two subsystems can be treated as a steady-state bath for the other, but determining the simultaneous coupled dynamics of the two poses a real challenge. This book tackles precisely this problem.

This book develops a methodology for the real-time coupled quantum dynamics of electrons and phonons in nanostructures, both isolated structures and those open to an environment. It then applies this technique to both fundamental and practical problems that are relevant, in particular, to nanodevice physics, laser-matter interaction, and radiation damage in living tissue. The interaction between electrons and atomic vibrations (phonons) is an example of how a process at the heart of quantum dynamics can impact our everyday lives. This is e.g. how electrical current generates heat, making your toaster work. It is also a key process behind many crucial problems down to the atomic and molecular scale, such as the functionality of nanoscale electronic devices, the relaxation of photo-excited systems, the energetics of systems under irradiation, and thermoelectric effects. Electron-phonon interactions represent a difficult many-body problem. Fairly standard techniques are available for tackling cases in which one of the two subsystems can be treated as a steady-state bath for the other, but determining the simultaneous coupled dynamics of the two poses a real challenge. This book tackles precisely this problem.

Effects of many-body interactions and superconducting correlations have become central questions in the quantum transport community. While most previous works investigating current fluctuations in nanodevices have been restricted to the stationary regime, Seoane's thesis extends these studies to the time domain. It provides relevant information about the time onset of electronic correlations mediated by interactions and superconductivity. This knowledge is essential for the development of fast electronic devices, as well as novel applications requiring fast manipulations, such as quantum information processing. In addition, the thesis establishes contact with issues of broad current interest such as non-equilibrium quantum phase transitions.

This invaluable book is a selection of papers by theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate J Robert Schrieffer. In addition to his Nobel Prize-winning work in superconductivity, Prof Schrieffer has made significant contributions to a wide variety of topics in condensed matter physics. These include the theory of soliton excitations in polyacetylene (a clear example of spin–charge separation in a condensed matter system), paramagnon theory, magnetic impurities, the physics of surfaces, high-Tc superconductivity, and the fractional quantum Hall effect. The papers are reviewed and placed in context by leading experts. The guest contributors are A Alexandrov (on electrons and phonons), T Einstein (on surfaces,) S Kivelson (on quantum Hall effect), D Scalapino (on the BCS theory of superconductivity), F Wilczek (on solitons and fractional quantum numbers), J W Wilkins (on magnetic impurities) and S C Zhang (on high-Tc superconductivity). Contents:SuperconductivitySolitons and Fractional Quantum NumbersQuantum Hall EffectSurfacesMagnetism and Magnetic ImpuritiesElectrons and PhononsHigh-TcSuperconductivity Readership: Upper level undergraduates, graduate students, academics and researchers in physics. Keywords:

The Advanced School on Quantum Foundations and Open Quantum Systems was an exceptional combination of lectures. These comprise lectures in standard physics and investigations on the foundations of quantum physics.On the one hand it included lectures on quantum information, quantum open systems, quantum transport and quantum solid state. On the other hand it included lectures on quantum measurement, models for elementary particles, sub-quantum structures and aspects on the philosophy and principles of quantum physics.The special program of this school offered a broad outlook on the current and near future fundamental research in theoretical physics.The lectures are at the level of PhD students.

In recent decades, time-dependent density functional theory has been developed for computing excited-state properties of large-scale systems to high accuracy in biomolecules and nanomaterials, especially for ab initio nonadiabatic molecular dynamic simulations. It is therefore regarded as a most unique efficient method to do accurate simulation for large complex systems. This book compiles and details cutting-edge research in quantum chemistry and chemical physics from interdisciplinary groups from Japan, China, South Korea, the United States, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. These groups are developing excited-state dynamics methods involving conical intersections and intersystem crossings for large complex systems. Edited by Chaoyuan Zhu, a prominent chemical physics researcher, this book will appeal to anyone involved in molecular dynamics and spectroscopy, photochemistry, biochemistry, and materials chemistry research.

Polyacetylence, (CH)x is the simplest conjugated polymer. Prestine polyacetylence is a good insulator, whereas its highly doped version exhibits metal-like electrical conductivity. This book gives a detailed introduction to this rapidly-developing field is given along with a collection of original papers. The main purpose is to help chemists and physicists grasp the main ideas and most important facts; an expert may also find it useful as a reference volume.

The book presents the state of the art in high performance computing and simulation on modern supercomputer architectures. It covers trends in hardware and software development in general and specifically the future of vector-based systems and heterogeneous architectures. The application contributions include computational fluid dynamics, physics, chemistry, astrophysics, and biology. Innovative application fields like multiphysics simulations and material science are presented.