Russian Mathematicians In The 20th Century

In the 20th century, many mathematicians in Russia made great contributions to the field of mathematics. This invaluable book, which presents the main achievements of Russian mathematicians in that century, is the first most comprehensive book on Russian mathematicians. It has been produced as a gesture of respect and appreciation for those mathematicians and it will serve as a good reference and an inspiration for future mathematicians. It presents differences in mathematical styles and focuses on Soviet mathematicians who often discussed “what to do” rather than “how to do it”. Thus, the book will be valued beyond historical documentation. The editor, Professor Yakov Sinai, a distinguished Russian mathematician, has taken pains to select leading Russian mathematicians — such as Lyapunov, Luzin, Egorov, Kolmogorov, Pontryagin, Vinogradov, Sobolev, Petrovski and Krein — and their most important works. One can, for example, find works of Lyapunov, which parallel those of Poincaré; and works of Luzin, whose analysis plays a very important role in the history of Russian mathematics; Kolmogorov has established the foundations of probability based on analysis. The editor has tried to provide some parity and, at the same time, included papers that are of interest even today. The original works of the great mathematicians will prove to be enjoyable to readers and useful to the many researchers who are preserving the interest in how mathematics was done in the former Soviet Union. Contents:Lyapunov (A New Case of Integrability of Differential Equations of Motion of a Solid Body in Liquid)Luzin (Sur l'absolue convergence des series trigonometriques)SteklovEgorov (Mathematics and Religion in Moscow, by C E Ford)Smirnov (Sur les polynomes orthogonaux a une veriable complexe)Bernstein (Sur la meilleure approximation sur tout l'axe reel des fonctions continues par des fonctions entieres de degre fini)UrysohnChebotaryovVinogradov (Representation of an Odd Number as the Sum of Three Primes)Aleksandrov (Sur la notion de dimension des ensembles fermes)MenshovGelfond (Sur le septierie probleme de Hilbert)Khinchin (Three Pearls of Number Theory)Kolmogorov (Local Structure of Turbulence in an Incompressible Viscous Fluid at Very Large Reynolds Numbers)Pontryagin (Homotopic Classification of an (n+2)-Dimensional Spheres into an n-Dimensional Spheres)Gelfand (On Identities for Eigenvalues of a Second Order Differential Operators)Sobolev (On a Theorem of Functional Analysis)Petrovsky (On Problem of some PDE's)Krein (On Extreme Points of Regularly Convex Sets)Liusternik (Topology and Variational Problem)Rokhlin (Proof of Gudkov's Hypothesis)Novikov (Periodic Groups)Bogoliubov (Mathematical Problems of Quantum Field Theory)Aleksandrov (Neue ungleichungen fur die mischvolumen konvexer korper)Kantorovich (A New Method of Solving of Some Classes of Extremal Problems)Malcev (Free Topological Algebras)Linnik (An Application of the Theory of Matrices and of Lobatschevskian Geometry to the Theory of Dirichlet's Real Characters)Markov (The Theory of Algorithms)Lavrentev (On the Theory of Quasi-Conformal Mapping of Three-Dimensional Domains)Tikhonov (Ueber die Erweiteung von Raumen)Delone (Sur le nombre de representations d'un nombre par une forme eubique a discriminent negatif)Keldysh (On the Completeness of the Eigenfunctions of Some Classes of Non-Self Adjoint Linear Operators)Faddeevand other articles Readership: General mathematicians. Keywords:Geometry & Topology;Analysis & Differential Equations;Algebra & Number TheoryReviews:“For anyone who wants an overview of mathematics in Russia during the 20th century there is now the volume Russian Mathematicians in the 20th century … It shall remain on my book shelf as a monument over a heroic generation.”Professor Lennart Carleson Institute of Mathematics, The Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden “The list selected is very representative both topically and geographically. It covers research in all areas of mathematics … The 33 persons in the list worked not only in Moscow and Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg), but also in Kiev, Odessa, Kazan, and Novosibirsk. Most of the work presented in this volume was done during the Soviet era when the Russian mathematical community was artificially isolated from the international one for political reasons. Thus to develop their subjects, Soviet mathematicians needed to be self-sufficient. And this volume shows that they indeed succeeded in it. The originality of the Russian mathematical school is clearly seen when one reads the papers included in the book. Altogether this volume gives a very strong impression of the versatility, originality and strength of the Russian mathematical school.”L D Faddeev Petersburg Department of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics , Russian Academy of Sciences “This book is fascinating … It shows the greatness of Russian or Soviet mathematicians and the foundations on which younger mathematicians could build up, leading to world leadership until the end of the Soviet Union when the exodus started.”F Hirzebruch Emeritus Professor of Mathematics University of Bonn

In the 20th century, many mathematicians in Russia made great contributions to the field of mathematics. This invaluable book, which presents the main achievements of Russian mathematicians in that century, is the first most comprehensive book on Russian mathematicians. It has been produced as a gesture of respect and appreciation for those mathematicians and it will serve as a good reference and an inspiration for future mathematicians. It presents differences in mathematical styles and focuses on Soviet mathematicians who often discussed “what to do” rather than “how to do it”. Thus, the book will be valued beyond historical documentation.The editor, Professor Yakov Sinai, a distinguished Russian mathematician, has taken pains to select leading Russian mathematicians — such as Lyapunov, Luzin, Egorov, Kolmogorov, Pontryagin, Vinogradov, Sobolev, Petrovski and Krein — and their most important works. One can, for example, find works of Lyapunov, which parallel those of Poincaré; and works of Luzin, whose analysis plays a very important role in the history of Russian mathematics; Kolmogorov has established the foundations of probability based on analysis. The editor has tried to provide some parity and, at the same time, included papers that are of interest even today.The original works of the great mathematicians will prove to be enjoyable to readers and useful to the many researchers who are preserving the interest in how mathematics was done in the former Soviet Union.

This book contains several contributions on the most outstanding events in the development of twentieth century mathematics, representing a wide variety of specialities in which Russian and Soviet mathematicians played a considerable role. The articles are written in an informal style, from mathematical philosophy to the description of the development of ideas, personal memories and give a unique account of personal meetings with famous representatives of twentieth century mathematics who exerted great influence in its development. This book will be of great interest to mathematicians, who will enjoy seeing their own specialities described with some historical perspective. Historians will read it with the same motive, and perhaps also to select topics for future investigation.

This volume contains articles on the history of Soviet mathematics, many of which are personal accounts by mathematicians who witnessed and contributed to the turbulent and glorious years of Moscow mathematics. The articles in the book focus on mathematical developments in that era, the personal lives of Russian mathematicians, and political events that shaped the course of scientific work in the Soviet Union. Important contributions include an article about Luzin and his school, based in part on documents that were released only after perestroika, and two articles on Kolmogorov. The volume concludes with annotated bibliographies in English and Russian for further reading. The revised edition is appended by an article of Tikhomirov, which provides an update and general overview of 20th-century Moscow mathematics, and it also includes an Index of Names. This book should appeal to mathematicians, historians, and anyone else interested in Soviet mathematical history.

Volume I, entitled Russian Mathematics Education: History and World Significance, consists of several chapters written by distinguished authorities from Russia, the United States and other nations. It Examines the hostory of mathematics education in Russia and its relevance to mathematics education throughout the world. The second volume, entitled Russian Mathematics education is highly respected for its achievements and was once very influential internationally, it has never been explored in depth. This publication does just that. --Book Jacket.

This anthology, consisting of two volumes, is intended to equip background researchers, practitioners and students of international mathematics education with intimate knowledge of mathematics education in Russia. Volume I, entitled The History and Relevance of Russian Mathematics Education, consists of several chapters written by distinguished authorities like Jeremy Kilpatrick and Bruce Vogeli. It examines the history of mathematics education in Russia and its relevance to mathematics education throughout the world. The second volume, entitled Programs and Practices will examine specific Russian programs in mathematics, their impact and methodological innovations. Although Russian mathematics education is highly respected for its achievements and was once very influential internationally, it has never been explored in depth. This publication does just that.

Russian mathematician Lev Pontryagin wrote a number of textbooks that were widely used in the education of Russian mathematicians in the first half of the 20th Century. He wrote "Generalization of Numbers" as an introduction to number theory for advanced high school students and first-year university students. The book discusses the completion of algebraic numbers and shows that complex numbers are sufficient. It also presents a useful and intuitive proof of the existence of at least one root of any polynomial with real coefficients.

Philanthropic societies funded by the Rockefeller family were prominent in the social history of the twentieth century, for their involvement in medicine and applied science. This book provides the first detailed study of their relatively brief but nonetheless influential foray into the field of mathematics.