Severe Plastic Deformation Technology

The only book to be entirely devoted to SPD processes/techniques, this book provides an insight into the theory and practice of the severe plastic technology used to refine grain structure and improve properties of metallic materials.

This book is the first to cover the engineering aspects of severe plastic deformation (SPD) technology used to refine grain structure in metallic materials. The fundamentals of both the well-known and novel SPD processes are explained and the engineering know-how required for successful implementation of these processes revealed. The principles of each SPD technique are explained and insight provided into the mechanics of material deformation and microstructural changes. The equipment used for SPD processing is described including machines and tools. The book covers the most popular SPD process of equal channel angular pressing, ECAP and its incremental version, I-ECAP. A separate chapter is devoted to tooling used in ECAP/I-ECAP. Another popular SPD process is high pressure torsion (HPT), which produces very good results in terms of refining grain structure but faces some technical challenges. A less known SPD process is cyclic extrusion compression (CEC), which is thoroughly explained as is twist extrusion (TE) which is a relatively new process that is showing good potential. Finally, an original SPD process of accumulated roll bonding (ARB), capable of refining grain structure in sheets, is discussed. The book is intended for students and researchers working in the field of refining grain structure of metals by SPD. By explaining the engineering aspects of SPD, it enables the best SPD process to be chosen for a given application thus avoiding time-consuming and wasteful trials. It also encourages metal forming researchers and material scientists to work together in order to improve existing and develop new SPD processes. Finally, this book is also for industrial engineers, who will ultimately be using the SPD technology for mass production of metals with refined grain structure and improved properties.

The novel is designed for individuals and researchers working in the field of improving feed framework of materials by SPD. By describing the technological innovation elements of SPD, it allows the best SPD process to be selected for a given application thus preventing time-consuming and inefficient tests. It also motivates steel developing researchers and content researchers to work together in order to improve current and develop new SPD procedures. Finally, this guide is also for commercial technicians, who will eventually be using the SPD technological innovation for mass manufacturing of materials with enhanced feed framework and enhanced qualities.This guide is the first to cover the technological innovation elements of serious plastic deformation (SPD) technological innovation used to improve feed framework in steel materials. The basic concepts of both the well-known and novel SPD procedures are described and the technological innovation know-how required for successful execution of these procedures exposed. The concepts of each SPD technique are described and understanding provided into the techniques of content deformation and microstructural changes.

Severe Plastic Deformation: Methods, Processing and Properties examines all severe plastic deformation techniques developed over the past two decades, exploring the appropriate severe plastic deformation method for a particular case. The book offers an overview of these methods, introduces ultrafine-grained and nano-grained metals and methods for various bulk, sheet, tubular and large size samples, reviews effective parameters to make a severe plastic deformation method better, from property (mechanical) and processing (cost, time, load, etc.) viewpoints, discusses mechanical, physical and chemical properties of UFG and NS metals, and concludes with various applications for these methods. Over the last several decades, a large number of severe plastic deformation methods have been developed for processing a wide array of metals for superior properties, making this a timely resource. Collects all severe plastic deformation methods in a unique reference Compares severe plastic deformation methods from several viewpoints, including processing and final property Classifies severe plastic deformation methods based on the sample shape and mechanics, as well as the properties achieved in the processed metal Introduces ultrafine-grained and nano-grained metals and methods for various bulk, sheet, tubular and large size samples

Material processing techniques that employ severe plastic deformation have evolved over the past decade, producing metals, alloys and composites having extraordinary properties. Variants of SPD methods are now capable of creating monolithic materials with submicron and nanocrystalline grain sizes. The resulting novel properties of these materials has led to a growing scientific and commercial interest in them. They offer the promise of bulk nanocrystalline materials for structural; applications, including nanocomposites of lightweight alloys with unprecedented strength. These materials may also enable the use of alternative metal shaping processes, such as high strain rate superplastic forming. Prospective applications for medical, automotive, aerospace and other industries are already under development.

Recent extensive activity on severe plastic deformation (SPD) as a new materials processing technology has generated vast experimental and analytical amounts of information. However, there is still a strong need for a multidisciplinary understanding of SPD. This book consists of in-depth analyses of the fundamentals and engineering of SPD on processing mechanics, the micro-mechanics of plastic deformation and the physics of the structure-properties relationship. This book bridges the gap between existing approaches, resolves certain controversies, and provides a united description of SPD at different scales.

This book discusses the processes, properties and applications of plastic deformation. The first chapter provides short notes on the grains modification induced by local plastic deformation. Chapter Two examines energy accumulation and mechanisms of plastic deformation in organic glassy polymers. Chapter Three investigates the microstructure and texture of the pure magnesium foils obtained by room temperature reverse extrusion followed by cold rolling. The final chapter discusses utilization of severe plastic deformation (SPD) to produce ultrafine grained structures using top-down approach in novel metal forming processes.

Recently, it was reported that nanostructured materials processed under high pressure by HPT and ECAP have an extraordinary combination of both high strength and high ductility, which are two desirable, but rarely co-existing properties. These findings indicate that high-pressure is a critical factor that can be employed to process nanostructured materials with superior mechanical, and possibly also physical, properties. It is the objective of this workshop to review our current knowledge, identify issues for future research, and discuss future directions on the processing and properties of nanostructured materials via SPD techniques, with a special emphasis on high-pressure effects. The 42 peer-reviewed papers in this book cover areas of high pressure effect on the nanostructure and properties of SPD-processed materials, fundamentals of nanostructured materials, development of high-pressure SPD technologies for commercializations, recent advances of SPD technologies as well as applications and future markets of SPD-processed nanostructured materials.