Solution Processed Organic Light Emitting Devices

Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Devices provides a comprehensive reference on the principles and advances in materials design, device structures, and processing technologies of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Most importantly, the book analyses the dynamics of thin-film growth from solutions such as solvent orthogonalization, coffee-ring effects, and interfacial adhesion. Exciton generation and utilization, host–guest energy transfer, and interfacial interaction in the solution-processed films are considered with the material and device design to maximize the electroluminescent performance of OLEDs.The book reviews the materials, devices, and technologies dedicated to solution-processed thin-film devices, which are not only applicable to OLEDs but may be adapted to other emerging semiconducting devices due to the similarity in methods (for instance, quantum-dot LEDs and solar cells, and perovskite-based LEDs/photovoltaics/detectors).This book is suitable for researchers in academia and industry working in the materials science and engineering, chemistry, and physics disciplines. Discusses the most relevant and emerging solution-processable materials for OLED applications Reviews device engineering to address defects, charge transport, and exciton generation in fabricated solution-processable thin films Provides the methods to grow multilayered thin films from solutions with organic semiconductors, with particular attention to new technologies to overcome interfacial mixing effects

Polymers for Light-Emitting Devices and Displays provides an in-depth overview of fabrication methods and unique properties of polymeric semiconductors, and their potential applications for LEDs including organic electronics, displays, and optoelectronics. Some of the chapter subjects include: • The newest polymeric materials and processes beyond the classical structure of PLED • Conjugated polymers and their application in the light-emitting diodes (OLEDs & PLEDs) as optoelectronic devices. • The novel work carried out on electrospun nanofibers used for LEDs. • The roles of diversified architectures, layers, components, and their structural modifications in determining efficiencies and parameters of PLEDs as high-performance devices. • Polymer liquid crystal devices (PLCs), their synthesis, and applications in various liquid crystal devices (LCs) and displays. • Reviews the state-of-art of materials and technologies to manufacture hybrid white light-emitting diodes based on inorganic light sources and organic wavelength converters.

This book presents the recent achievements towards the next generation of Light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEC). Its first part focus on the definition, history and mechanism of LEC, going then to concepts and challenges and, finally, giving the reader examples of current application of new electroluminescent materials. The chapters are written by different international groups working on LEC.

Provides first-hand insights into advanced fabrication techniques for solution processable organic electronics materials and devices The field of printable organic electronics has emerged as a technology which plays a major role in materials science research and development. Printable organic electronics soon compete with, and for specific applications can even outpace, conventional semiconductor devices in terms of performance, cost, and versatility. Printing techniques allow for large-scale fabrication of organic electronic components and functional devices for use as wearable electronics, health-care sensors, Internet of Things, monitoring of environment pollution and many others, yet-to-be-conceived applications. The first part of Solution-Processable Components for Organic Electronic Devices covers the synthesis of: soluble conjugated polymers; solution-processable nanoparticles of inorganic semiconductors; high-k nanoparticles by means of controlled radical polymerization; advanced blending techniques yielding novel materials with extraordinary properties. The book also discusses photogeneration of charge carriers in nanostructured bulk heterojunctions and charge carrier transport in multicomponent materials such as composites and nanocomposites as well as photovoltaic devices modelling. The second part of the book is devoted to organic electronic devices, such as field effect transistors, light emitting diodes, photovoltaics, photodiodes and electronic memory devices which can be produced by solution-based methods, including printing and roll-to-roll manufacturing. The book provides in-depth knowledge for experienced researchers and for those entering the field. It comprises 12 chapters focused on: ? novel organic electronics components synthesis and solution-based processing techniques ? advanced analysis of mechanisms governing charge carrier generation and transport in organic semiconductors and devices ? fabrication techniques and characterization methods of organic electronic devices Providing coverage of the state of the art of organic electronics, Solution-Processable Components for Organic Electronic Devices is an excellent book for materials scientists, applied physicists, engineering scientists, and those working in the electronics industry.

The essential resource that offers a comprehensive understanding of OLED optimizations Highly Efficient OLEDs. Materials Based on Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) offers substantial information on the working principle of OLEDs and on new types of emitting materials (organic and inorganic). As the authors explain, OLEDs that use the Singlet-Harvesting mechanism based on the molecular property of TADF work according to a new exciton harvesting principle. Thus, low-cost emitter materials, such as Cu(I) or Ag(I) complexes as well as metal-free organic molecules, have the potential to replace high-cost rare metal complexes being currently applied in OLED technology. With contributions from an international panel of experts on the topic, the text shows how the application of new TADF materials allow for the development of efficient OLED displays and lighting systems. This new mechanism is the gateway to the third-generation of luminescent materials. This important resource: Offers a state-of-the-art compilation of the latest results in the dynamically developing field of OLED materials Is edited by a pioneer in the field of OLED material technology Contains a detailed application-oriented guide to new low-cost materials for displays and lighting Puts the focus on the emerging fields of OLED technology Written for materials scientists, solid state chemists, solid state physicists, and electronics engineers, Highly Efficient OLEDs. Materials Based on Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence offers a comprehensive resource to the latest advances of OLEDs based on new TADF materials.

Since the invention of the first efficient organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by C. T. Tang and S. VanSlyke, OLEDs have attracted close interest as a promising candidate for next-generation full-color displays and future solid-state lighting sources because of a number of advantages like high brightness and contrast, high luminous efficiency, fast response time, wide viewing angle, low power consumption, and light weight. The recombination of holes and electrons under electrical excitation typically generates 25% singlet excitons and 75% triplet excitons. For traditional fluorescent OLEDs, only 25% singlet excitons can be utilized to emit light, while the other 75% triplet excitons are generally wasted through nonradiative transition. By adopting noble metal phosphorescent complexes, an internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of 100% could be achieved by utilizing both the 25% singlet excitons and 75% triplet excitons. However, these phosphors usually contain nonrenewable and highcost iridium or platinum noble metals. Most recently, unity IQE has been readily achieved through noble metal-free purely organic emitters, such as thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, hybridized local and charge-transfer state (HLCT) “hot exciton” emitters, binary- or ternary-mixed donor-acceptor exciplex emitters, and neutral p radical emitters, etc. In addition, the combination of conventional p-type hole-transport and n-type electron-transport materials in an appropriate device structure can also provide an uncommon efficiency. Both strategies are essential and attractive for high-performance and low-cost full-color displays and white OLED applications. This Research Topic mainly focus on this new generation of organic light-emitting materials and devices, including design, synthesis, and characterization of light-emitting organic molecules with tunable excited states, and their structural, electrical, and photophysical properties. Contributions relating to carrier transporting materials and corresponding device engineering are also included. Two mini reviews and thirteen original research articles by recognized academic experts in their respective fields are collected in this Research Topic, which will offer a broad perspective of noble metal-free organic light emitters, including conventional fluorescent emitters, TADF emitters, HLCT emitters, exciplex emitters, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens, and their corresponding devices. We believe this eBook should attract the attention of multidisciplinary researchers in the fields of materials science, organic synthesis, and electronic device engineering, especially for those engaged in OLED-related areas.

Chemical Solution Synthesis for Materials Design and Thin Film Device Applications presents current research on wet chemical techniques for thin-film based devices. Sections cover the quality of thin films, types of common films used in devices, various thermodynamic properties, thin film patterning, device configuration and applications. As a whole, these topics create a roadmap for developing new materials and incorporating the results in device fabrication. This book is suitable for graduate, undergraduate, doctoral students, and researchers looking for quick guidance on material synthesis and device fabrication through wet chemical routes. Provides the different wet chemical routes for materials synthesis, along with the most relevant thin film structured materials for device applications Discusses patterning and solution processing of inorganic thin films, along with solvent-based processing techniques Includes an overview of key processes and methods in thin film synthesis, processing and device fabrication, such as nucleation, lithography and solution processing