Solvent Extraction

A complete and up-to-date presentation of the fundamental theoretical principles and many applications of solvent extraction, this enhanced Solvent Extraction Principles and Practice, Second Edition includes new coverage of the recent developments in solvent extraction processes, the use of solvent extraction in analytical applications and waste re

The main challenge in modern solvent extraction separation is that most techniques are mainly empirical, specific and particular for narrow fields of practice and require a large degree of experimentation. This concise and modern book provides a complete overview of both solvent extraction separation techniques and the novel and unified competitive complexation/solvation theory. This novel and unified technique presented in the book provides a key for a preliminary quantitative prediction of suitable extraction systems without experimentation, thus saving researchers time and resources. Analyzes and compares both classical and new competitive models and techniques Offers a novel and unified competitive complexation / solvation theory that permits researchers to standardize some parameters, which decreases the need for experimentation at R&D Presents examples of applications in multiple disciplines such as chemical, biochemical, radiochemical, pharmaceutical and analytical separation Written by an outstanding scientist who is prolific in the field of separation science

Recent Advances in Liquid-liquid Extraction focuses on the applications of liquid extraction. The selection first discusses solvent extraction. Concerns include organic and inorganic separations, mass transfer process, solvent extraction economics, and coalescence in liquid-liquid systems. The book focuses on the chemistry of solvent extraction. Extraction by acidic organophosphorus compounds; extraction by phosphorus-bonded oxygen-donor solvents; extraction by high-molecular weight amines; and synergistic extraction are elaborated. The book also focuses on industrial organic processes; industrial contacting equipment; response characteristics and control of extraction processes; and calculation of contactors with longitudinal mixing. The selection presents the study of longitudinal mixing in liquid-liquid contactors. Rotating disc contactors, packed columns, vibrating plate extractors, and Oldshue-Rushton columns are described. The text also discusses heat transfer by direct liquid-liquid contact and the coalescence of liquid droplets and liquid dispersion. The selection is a vital source of data for readers interested in liquid extraction.

Solvent Extraction in Flame Spectroscopic Analysis provides an introductory discussion on the technique of solvent extraction in flame spectrometry. The book is comprised of six chapters the cover the various aspects and applications of solvent extraction. The text first covers the role of solvent extraction in flame spectrometric analysis, and then proceeds to describing the solvent suitable for flame spectrometry. Next, the book discusses the theoretical and practical aspects of the solvent extraction technique. The text also covers the application of the technique on various elements. The book will be of great use to researchers and professionals who require a good understanding of the various techniques in spectrometry.

Solvent Extraction in Biotechnology deals with the reco- very and purification of primary and secondary metabolites by solvent extraction. In the first part the reaction engineering principles: definitions, thermodynamic fundamentals, and system models, the kinetics of mass transfer between two phases without and with chemical reaction as well as extraction equipment, which are important for downstream processing in biotechnology, are considered in detail. The special part of the book describes the recovery of low-molecular metabolites: alcohols, acids and antibiotics with organic solvents, carrier-modifier-solvent systems, supercritical gases as well as with liquid membrane techniques. Several practical examples are given for the recovery of different metabolites as well as for the calculation of the extraction processes necessary for equipment design. Besides solvent extraction, novel separation techniques with liquid membrane, microemulsion and reversed micelles are also presented. This book will introduce the biochemical engineer and process engineer to the recovery of products from complex cultivation broths by modern techniques of solvent extraction and help them with process design.

This volume will capture transformational changes in both the chemistry and engineering side of solvent extraction, creating new directions and deepening our understanding of the structure and dynamics of liquid-liquid systems from the molecular- to nano- to meso- to bulk-scale. Reviews will cover advances in microfluidics, new tools for understanding the structure and dynamics of the liquid-liquid interface, ionic liquids in liquid-liquid extraction, molecular dynamics to visualize interactions in the solvent phase, liquid-liquid electrochemistry to interrogate the energetics of interfacial transport and complexation, design of new extractants, and the streamlining of process applications.

The applications of solvent extraction (SX) and liquid membranes (LM) span chemistry, metallurgy, hydrometallurgy, chemical/mineral processing, and waste treatment—making it difficult to find a single resource that encompasses fundamentals as well as advanced applications. Solvent Extraction and Liquid Membranes: Fundamentals and Applications in New Materials draws together a diverse group of internationally recognized experts to highlight key scientific and technological aspects of solvent extraction that are critical to future work in the field. The first chapters identify relevant thermodynamics, kinetics, and interfacial behavior principles and introduce methods for calculating extraction equilibria and kinetic parameters. The next chapters focus on engineering and technological aspects of various industrial processes and plant applications, including optimization and modeling tools and calculations. The final chapters examine new materials for metal extraction and separations, covering preparation and application processes for organic and inorganic sorbents, solid polymeric extractants, and solvent impregnated resins. Solvent Extraction and Liquid Membranes offers a comprehensive review of the most important principles, calculations, and procedures involved in this widely applicable separation technique. The book’s pedagogical approach will benefit students and researchers in the field as well as working scientists and engineers who wish to apply solvent extraction to their own applications.