Soviet Attack Submarines

In this highly detailed book, naval historian Edward Hampshire reveals the fascinating history of the nuclear-powered attack submarines built and operated by the Soviet Union in the Cold War, including each class of these formidable craft as they developed throughout the Cold War period. The November class, which were the Soviet Union's first nuclear submarines, had originally been designed to fire a single enormous nuclear-tipped torpedo but were eventually completed as boats firing standard torpedoes. The Alfa class were perhaps the most remarkable submarines of the Cold War: titanium-hulled (which was light and strong but extremely expensive and difficult to weld successfully), crewed with only thirty men due to considerable automation and 30% faster than any US submarines, they used a radical liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the reactor plant. The Victor class formed the backbone of the Soviet nuclear submarine fleet in the 1970s and 1980s, as hunter-killer submarines began to focus on tracking and potentially destroying NATO ballistic missile submarines. The Sierra classes were further titanium-hulled submarines and the single Mike-class submarine was an experimental type containing a number of innovations. Finally, the Akula class were being constructed as the Cold War ended, and these boats form the mainstay of the Russian nuclear attack submarine fleet today. This book explores the design, development, and deployment of each of these classes in detail, offering an unparalleled insight into the submarines which served the Soviet Union throughout the Cold War period. The text is supported by stunning illustrations, photographs and diagrams of the submarines.

In this highly detailed book, naval historian Edward Hampshire reveals the fascinating history of the nuclear-powered attack submarines built and operated by the Soviet Union in the Cold War, including each class of these formidable craft as they developed throughout the Cold War period. The November class, which were the Soviet Union's first nuclear submarines, had originally been designed to fire a single enormous nuclear-tipped torpedo but were eventually completed as boats firing standard torpedoes. The Alfa class were perhaps the most remarkable submarines of the Cold War: titanium-hulled (which was light and strong but extremely expensive and difficult to weld successfully), crewed with only thirty men due to considerable automation and 30% faster than any US submarines, they used a radical liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the reactor plant. The Victor class formed the backbone of the Soviet nuclear submarine fleet in the 1970s and 1980s, as hunter-killer submarines began to focus on tracking and potentially destroying NATO ballistic missile submarines. The Sierra classes were further titanium-hulled submarines and the single Mike-class submarine was an experimental type containing a number of innovations. Finally, the Akula class were being constructed as the Cold War ended, and these boats form the mainstay of the Russian nuclear attack submarine fleet today. This book explores the design, development, and deployment of each of these classes in detail, offering an unparalleled insight into the submarines which served the Soviet Union throughout the Cold War period. The text is supported by stunning illustrations, photographs and diagrams of the submarines.

Following the unimpressive performance of the Soviet Navy during World War Two, Soviet leadership realized that a stronger navy would be an important factor in their drive to gain recognition for their world power status. In less than a decade, the Soviet Union would develop a large naval force and would operate the largest submarine fleet in the world. By Stalin's death in 1953, their naval development program was well advanced; nine cruisers had been completed, construction had begun on two of a programmed four heavy cruisers, and construction of aircraft carriers was reportedly planned. The Soviet Navy was becoming a force which might eventually attempt to contest control of the high seas from the United States, as well as defend the USSR against any seaborne attack. This book traces the history and missions of the Soviet attack submarine force and describes the various classes of attack submarines which the Soviets built. It also discusses Soviet naval operations such as the conscription of their crews, and includes various submarine accidents at sea. It gives this chronology from two different viewpoints-that of the United States gleamed through US intelligence, and also from the viewpoint of the Soviet military. This hardcover version includes 53 figures and charts showing the various submarines including torpedo evolution, main development phases, maps, ballistic missile evolution, cruise missile comparisons, salvage and rescue, and construction numbers.

Submarines had a vital, if often unheralded, role in the superpower navies during the Cold War. Their crews carried out intelligence-collection operations, sought out and stood ready to destroy opposing submarines, and, from the early 1960s, threatened missile attacks on their adversary's homeland, providing in many respects the most survivable nuclear deterrent of the Cold War. For both East and West, the modern submarine originated in German U-boat designs obtained at the end of World War II. Although enjoying a similar technology base, by the 1990s the superpowers had created submarine fleets of radically different designs and capabilities. Written in collaboration with the former Soviet submarine design bureaus, Norman Polmar and K. J. Moore authoritatively demonstrate in this landmark study how differing submarine missions, antisubmarine priorities, levels of technical competence, and approaches to submarine design organizations and management caused the divergence.

In 2016, Russia launched the last of its planned procurement of six Project 636.3 third generation large diesel electric attack submarines, having laid the keel of the third Project 677, the second of the modified design, medium displacement fourth generation diesel electric attack submarine, the previous year, both events marking significant milestones in the rejuvenation of the Russian Federation Navy non-nuclear attack submarine fleet. This volume sets out to detail the stable of Russian designed and built third and fourth generation large/medium displacement diesel electric attack submarines in service or development in the second decade of the 21st century, commencing with the modernised Project 877 and new build Project 636/636.3 (NATO reporting name 'Kilo') designs of the third generation, leading to the fourth generation Project 677 and Amur 1650/950 designs. The evolution of Russian/Soviet submarine building is detailed, leading to the third and fourth generation designs in service in 2016. International co-operation designs are detailed, specifically the Italian-Russian S-1000 medium displacement fourth generation diesel electric submarine jointly developed by the Fincantieri Naval Vessel Business Unit in Italy and the Central Design Bureau for Marine Engineering Rubin in Russia. The various control, sensor, communications, navigation and weapons systems employed by or available for the respective Russian submarine designs are detailed. All technical information regarding the submarines, systems and weapons, has been provided by the respective design houses, developers and builders, as has the majority of the photographs and graphics used throughout the volume.

"The Hunt for Red October" meets "Blind Man's Bluff" in this chilling, true story of a rogue Soviet submarine that sank while trying to provoke a war between the U.S. and China.