Stage Invasion

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to all aspects ofbiological invasion by non-native species. Highlighting importantresearch findings associated with each stage of invasion,Invasion Ecology provides an overview of the invasionprocess from transportation patterns and causes of establishmentsuccess to ecological impacts, invader management, andpost-invasion evolution. Increasing awareness of the problems associated with invasionhas led to a rapid growth in research into the dynamics ofnon-native species and their adverse effects on native biota andhuman economies. This book provides a synthesis of this fastgrowing field of research, and is an essential text forundergraduate and graduate students in ecology and conservationmanagement.

There are many hypotheses describing the interactions involved in biological invasions, but it is largely unknown whether they are backed up by empirical evidence. This book fills that gap by developing a tool for assessing research hypotheses and applying it to twelve invasion hypotheses, using the hierarchy-of-hypotheses (HoH) approach, and mapping the connections between theory and evidence. In Part 1, an overview chapter of invasion biology is followed by an introduction to the HoH approach and short chapters by science theorists and philosophers who comment on the approach. Part 2 outlines the invasion hypotheses and their interrelationships. These include biotic resistance and island susceptibility hypotheses, disturbance hypothesis, invasional meltdown hypothesis, enemy release hypothesis, evolution of increased competitive ability and shifting defence hypotheses, tens rule, phenotypic plasticity hypothesis, Darwin's naturalization and limiting similarity hypotheses and the propagule pressure hypothesis. Part 3 provides a synthesis and suggests future directions for invasion research.

Award-winning poet Pete Bearder presents the unwritten history, science, and skill of spoken word and answers some strangely under-explored questions: What is the history of performance poetry in the UK? How does emotional contagion happen in live literature? What has spoken word got to do with hypnotism and ecstatic states? This groundbreaking book explores a thriving ecology of artistry, and how it can serve us for cultural, social and political renewal. -- Publisher.

This work covers the aetiology, symptoms and treatment of cancer in children, featuring contributions from leading experts on the subject. The edition includes several new chapters on future trends in chemotherapy, surgery, pallitive care and myeloid leukaemia.

​Penile Cancer: Diagnosis and Management provides a comprehensive overview of penile cancer for medical and surgical urologists oncologists, and other healthcare professionals. This book highlights many of the significant advances made in this field, which include a discussion of penile-sparing surgical and radiotherapeutic approaches to select primary penile tumors typically of lower stage and grade as well as advances in our understanding of the epidemiology, risk factors, and pathophysiology of penile cancer. The book also addresses many of the novel diagnostic and therapeutic surgical approaches to inguinal lymph nodes, including dynamic sentinel node biopsy and minimally invasive surgery. The authors also discuss many of the clinical pearls and surgical considerations that can optimize treatment outcomes while minimizing the morbidity and inherent risk of complications in patients undergoing an open inguinal lymph node dissection. Lastly, the volume presents a discussion of the paradigm shift in the management of bulky inguinal lymph node metastases from penile cancer consisting of neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy followed by consolidative surgical resection, which can offer an improved likelihood of survival as shown in a recent phase 3 clinical trial. Penile Cancer: Diagnosis and Management will serve as a resource for clinicians and researchers seeking an overview on the current state of knowledge in penile cancer. The editor has gathered leading worldwide experts in this field who have written a very practical and useful textbook for clinicians in an attempt to optimize patient outcomes and promote the pivotal scientific advances made in recent years.

In the United States in 1993 the American Cancer Society estimated that there were about 1,300,000 new cases of invasive cancer diagnosed. At the time of presentation about 70% of those patients represented limited local regional disease without evidences of distant dissemination. About 30% of the patients had demonstrated metastatic disease at the time of initial diagnosis or about 390,000 patients. Of those patients with local regional disease about 56% would be cured by the best treatment programs including surgery, radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy when given for cure. Therefore, of the 1,300,000 new cases of invasive cancer, about 509,000 would be cured by the best treatments available. However, about 790,000 patients will have metastatic disease as a part of initial presentation or following the completion of definitive treatment. The majority of the patients with metastatic disease will have metastases to bone as the dominant site of metastatic disease primarily from cancers of the breast and lung but other metastatic sites will be common including lung, liver, mediastinal and retro-peritoneallymph node groups as well as brain and spinal cord. It has been suggested by SMITHERS, CARLING and WINDEYER that the management of the patient with metastatic disease or recurrent disease can be a more difficult problem in management than a patient who is treated for cure.