The Bethesda System For Reporting Cervical Cytology

The Bethesda System for reporting the results of cervical cytology was developed as a uniform system of terminology, providing clear guidance for clinical management. The Bethesda System 2001 Workshop was convened to evaluate and update the 1991 Bethesda System terminology for reporting the results of cervical cytology. The New Edition has been extensively updated and revised to reflect the new Bethesda System. The new terminology reflects important advances in biological understanding of cervical neoplasia and cervical screening technology. The handbook has now been expanded to include more than 185 full color illustrations (twice the number of color images than in the 1st edition). New to the Second Edition are sections that address ancillary testing, including HPV, the inclusion of educational notes and recommendations, computerized screening, and anal cytology, as well as sample reports. In line with recent advances, the text and images address liquid-based cytology in addition to conventional cytology. In addition to its user-friendly, outline format, the inclusion of index allows the reader easier access to the information.

This book offers clear, up-to-date guidance on how to report cytologic findings in cervical, vaginal and anal samples in accordance with the 2014 Bethesda System Update. The new edition has been expanded and revised to take into account the advances and experience of the past decade. A new chapter has been added, the terminology and text have been updated, and various terminological and morphologic questions have been clarified. In addition, new images are included that reflect the experience gained with liquid-based cytology since the publication of the last edition in 2004. Among more than 300 images, some represent classic examples of an entity while others illustrate interpretative dilemmas, borderline cytomorphologic features or mimics of epithelial abnormalities. The Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology, with its user-friendly format, is a “must have” for pathologists, cytopathologists, pathology residents, cytotechnologists, and clinicians.

The Bethesda System was developed at a National Cancer Institute sponsored workshop in December 1988 to provide uniform diagnostic terminology that would facilitate communication between the laboratory and the clinician. The format of this report includes a descriptive diagnosis and an evaluation of specimen adequacy. A second workshop was held in April 1991 to evaluate the impact of The Bethesda System in actual practice and to amend and modify it where needed. One of the major recommendations of this second meeting was that precise criteria should be formulated for both the diagnostic terms and for the descriptors of specimen adequacy. That is the intended purpose of this report.

This atlas is the offspring of the “The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) State of the Science Conference,” hosted by the NCI and organized by Dr. Andrea Abati. Preparations for the conference began 18 months earlier with the designation of a steering committee and the establishment of a dedicated, p- manent web site. The meeting took place on October 22 and 23, 2007 in Bethesda, Maryland and was co-moderated by Susan J. Mandel and Edmund S. Cibas. The discussions and conclusions regarding terminology and morphologic criteria 1, 2 from the meeting were summarized in publications by Baloch et al. and form the framework for this atlas. The atlas is organized by the general categories of “Nondiagnostic,” “Benign,” “Follicular Neoplasm/Suspicious for a Follicular Neoplasm”, “Suspicious for Malignancy,” and “Malignant,” and it includes the defi- tions and morphologic criteria of these categories as set forth by Baloch et al. The majority of the conference participants also agreed on a category of “undetermined significance,” which is incorporated in this atlas (Chap. 4). It is critical that the cytopathologist communicate thyroid FNA interpretations to the referring physician in terms that are succinct, unambiguous, and helpful clinically. We recognize that the terminology used here is a flexible framework that can be modified by individual laboratories to meet the needs of their providers and the patients they serve.

A logical approach to formulating a pathologic diagnosis from the diverse array of tissue received in the surgical pathology laboratory. The authors are both prominent gynaecologic pathologists, and this book is the result of their long-running Short Course presented at the International Academy of Pathology. Illustrations show typical artefacts and distortion and explain their impact on diagnostic interpretation, and each chapter includes a section on "Clinical Queries and Reporting" that summarises the features to be discussed in the final pathology report. Here is a strongly didactic approach to one of the most frequently ordered pathological examinations. You find superb illustrations on virtually every page and fast answers to everyday questions since emphasis is placed on clinically relevant material: commonly encountered specimens, common problems and common diagnostic issues.

This handbook is a guide to cervical cytology for clinicians. Beginning with an overview of anatomy and normal cytology, the next chapter discusses sample collection and screening. The following sections discuss reporting systems, malignancy, atypical cells, carcinoma, tumours and management of cervical lesions. Interpretation of screening, differential diagnosis and treatment methods are discussed in depth. The text concludes with a chapter presenting sample cases with answers. Throughout the book, emphasis is placed on liquid-based cytology preparation, with discussion on varying viewpoints regarding interpretation. Microphotographs illustrating normal and abnormal cervical smears are included to enhance understanding. Key points Guide to cervical cytology for cytologists and gynaecologists Emphasis on liquid-based cytology preparation Includes sample cases with answers Features more than 250 microphotographs and tables

The first edition of The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology introduced a completely new paradigm for detecting bladder cancer by urine cytology. This system concentrated on defining morphological characteristics of the most clinically significant form of bladder cancer, High Grade Urothelial Carcinoma. This new approach has been widely accepted throughout the world, and has become part of the daily practice of cytology. Considering that the first edition of The Paris System (TPS) introduced a new model of urinary cytodiagnosis, verification and expansion of initial material and data were anticipated. Based on evolving knowledge and readership requests, the group of highly experienced authors have created a new edition of TPS. This second edition includes areas and issues not originally covered. A new chapter on urine cytology of the upper tract, a rarely addressed topic, has been introduced. Furthermore, the issue of cellular degeneration is discussed in the criteria of all diagnostic categories. Examples of standardized reports are included in each chapter. Most importantly, a separate chapter presents data defining the risk of malignancy (ROM) for each diagnostic category to inform clinical management. New high quality images augment those of the first edition to better illustrate diagnostic clues and potential pitfalls. In addition to chapters on diagnostic criteria, current concepts of pathogenesis of bladder cancer, specimen adequacy and preparation, and ancillary tests are covered in separate chapters. A bonus to the volume is a comprehensive history of urine as the earliest diagnostic sample of human disease, richly illustrated with artworks from major museums. Written by internationally recognized authorities, this comprehensive and evidence-based guide to urine cytology is supported by the newest data confirming the original concept and significance of diagnostic criteria defining High Grade Urothelial Carcinoma. TPS is an essential tool for anyone who is practicing urinary cytology, including cytotechnologists, pathologists-in-training and practicing pathologists. This book should find a place in every cytology laboratory throughout the world. The Concept has been endorsed by the American Society of Cytopathology, and the International Academy of Cytology.

Most women who die from cervical cancer, particularly in developing countries, are in the prime of their life. They may be raising children, caring for their family, and contributing to the social and economic life of their town or village. Their death is both a personal tragedy, and a sad and unnecessary loss to their family and their community. Unnecessary, because there is compelling evidence, as this Guide makes clear, that cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable forms of cancer, as long as it is detected early and managed effectively. Unfortunately, the majority of women in developing countries still do not have access to cervical cancer prevention programmes. The consequence is that, often, cervical cancer is not detected until it is too late to be cured. An urgent effort is required if this situation is to be corrected. This Guide is intended to help those responsible for providing services aimed at reducing the burden posed by cervical cancer for women, communities and health systems. It focuses on the knowledge and skills needed by health care providers, at different levels of care.