The Hub S Metropolis

The evolution of the Boston metropolitan area, from country villages and streetcar suburbs to exurban sprawl and “smart growth.” Boston's metropolitan landscape has been two hundred years in the making. From its proto-suburban village centers of 1800 to its far-flung, automobile-centric exurbs of today, Boston has been a national pacesetter for suburbanization. In The Hub's Metropolis, James O'Connell charts the evolution of Boston's suburban development. The city of Boston is compact and consolidated—famously, “the Hub.” Greater Boston, however, stretches over 1,736 square miles and ranks as the world's sixth largest metropolitan area. Boston suburbs began to develop after 1820, when wealthy city dwellers built country estates that were just a short carriage ride away from their homes in the city. Then, as transportation became more efficient and affordable, the map of the suburbs expanded. The Metropolitan Park Commission's park-and-parkway system, developed in the 1890s, created a template for suburbanization that represents the country's first example of regional planning. O'Connell identifies nine layers of Boston's suburban development, each of which has left its imprint on the landscape: traditional villages; country retreats; railroad suburbs; streetcar suburbs (the first electric streetcar boulevard, Beacon Street in Brookline, was designed by Frederic Law Olmsted); parkway suburbs, which emphasized public greenspace but also encouraged commuting by automobile; mill towns, with housing for workers; upscale and middle-class suburbs accessible by outer-belt highways like Route 128; exurban, McMansion-dotted sprawl; and smart growth. Still a pacesetter, Greater Boston has pioneered antisprawl initiatives that encourage compact, mixed-use development in existing neighborhoods near railroad and transit stations. O'Connell reminds us that these nine layers of suburban infrastructure are still woven into the fabric of the metropolis. Each chapter suggests sites to visit, from Waltham country estates to Cambridge triple-deckers.

Industrialization supported by industrial hubs has been widely associated with structural transformation and catch-up. But while the direct economic benefits of industrial hubs are significant, their value lies first and foremost in their contribution as incubators of industrialization, production and technological capability, and innovation. The Oxford Handbook of Industrial Hubs and Economic Development adopts an interdisciplinary approach to examine the conceptual underpinnings, review empirical evidence of regions and economies, and extract pertinent lessons for policy reasearchers and practitioners on the key drivers of success and failure for industrial hubs. This Handbook illustrates the diverse and complex nature of industrial hubs and shows how they promote industrialization, economic structural transformation, and technological catch-up. It explores the implications of emerging issues and trends such as environmental protection and sustainability, technological advancement, shifts in the global economy, and urbanization.

Dealing with an important topic for all manufacturing units, this book discusses the procedures, policies and systems required to govern and monitor the systematic and cost-effective procurement of material and to manage related activities. It deals in detail with the entire process of material management in its actual application. Key aspects focused on include: purchasing and how it works; sourcing the right material; management of inventories; international trade and materials management; and the logistics of material management.

This book aims to highlight the interrelations between maritime ports, supply chains and logistics. Inland corridors could be defined as major arteries for inland transportation from and to the maritime port. They link together one or several ports located on the maritime range with one or several major inland metropolitan areas. The efficiency of international supply chains depends not only on the smooth operations in the port but also on the efficiency of inland distribution in terms of cost, reliability, added value services for the goods, safety and finally the environment. With contributions from international experts, the book offers a transversal perspective on logistics corridor development using case studies on the Seine Axis, among others. Organized into four key sections, the book highlights the interrelations between ports and corridors using both empirical and theoretical research from various disciplines, including engineering as well as human and social sciences. Maritime Ports,Supply Chains and Logistics Corridors will be directly relevant to a wide variety of scholars and postgraduate researchers in the fields of transport studies and management, maritime logistics, supply chain management and international logistics as well as industrial engineering, geography, economics and political science.

India’s cities are in the midst of an unprecedented urban expansion. While India is acknowledged as a rising power, poised to emerge into the front rank of global economies, the pace and scale of its urbanisation calls for more effective metropolitan management if that growth is not to be constrained by gathering urban crisis. This book addresses some key issues of governance and management for India’s principal urban areas of Mumbai, Kolkata and Hyderabad. As three of the greatest Indian cities, they have evolved in recent decades into large metropolitan regions with complex, overlapping and often haphazard governance arrangements. All three cities exemplify the challenges of urbanisation and serve here as case studies to explore the five dimensions of urban governance in terms of devolution, planning, structures of delivery, urban leadership and civic participation. London, with its recent establishment of a directly elected Mayor, provides a reference point for this analysis, and signifies the extent to which urban leadership has moved to the top of the urban governance agenda. In arguing the case for reform of metropolitan governance, the book demonstrates that it would be too simplistic to imagine that London’s institutional structure can be readily transposed on to the very different political and cultural fabric of India’s urban life. Confronting India’s urban crisis with a comparative analysis that identifies the limits of policy transfer, the book will be particularly valuable to students and scholars of Politics, Governance, and Urban studies.

Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Everything has beauty, but not everyone sees it goes a famous saying by Confucius. My wish in writing this paper is to convince readers of the peculiar beauty and importance of the highly dynamic aviation landscape of the southern Chinese Pearl River Delta. Airfreight is an essential and highly sophisticated part of an economy s logistics infrastructure. A functioning infrastructure is vital for the development of an economy, in particular for its international trade. As trade is a key component in China s economic success formula, demand for an efficient infrastructure is high. Air transportation has become one of the most effective tools to explore and serve world markets. In today s highly competitive business world, just-in-time delivery and good customer service are absolutely crucial. The overall trend towards fast reliable delivery and the transformation of China s economy along with the value chain of production, have boosted demand for air transportation. Due to these developments, the air cargo market, which is still at low levels particularly in domestic transportation, is one of the fastest growing markets in China. The regional focus of this study is on the economic powerhouse of China, the Pearl River Delta (PRD) located in the southern province of Guangdong. Everyone who knows the highly industrialised landscape of the PRD would probably agree, that the region s nickname factory of the world is more than appropriate. The PRD has the highest per capita output in China and generates about one third of national exports. The Greater Pearl River Delta (GPRD) consists of the PRD and the Special Administrative Zones Hong Kong and Macao. In many respects, it is one of the most interesting economic entities of the world. Economy and infrastructure are integrated on a very high level. The GPRD features many extremes: its strong economic power, its rapid growth that has been the highest in China for many years, its population density and last but not least, its aviation landscape. Within radial distance of about 100 km, five international airports are at service, creating the highest airport density in the world. Three of these airports are among China s top five airports. The clear leader among them is Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA), which has established itself as a major hub in Asia and has been the airport with the highest international air cargo throughput of the world for many years. Its dominant [...]