The Lives Of The Muses

All loved, and were loved by, their artists, and inspired them with an intensity of emotion akin to Eros. In a brilliant, wry, and provocative book, National Book Award finalist Francine Prose explores the complex relationship between the artist and his muse. In so doing, she illuminates with great sensitivity and intelligence the elusive emotional wellsprings of the creative process.

To be a muse to a celebrated artist is surely one of the most flattering roles a person can have. But what is the life of a muse really like? In this spirited (and provocative) expose of nine women who fired the imaginations of some of the most inimitable artists and thinkers of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Francine Prose draws on photographs, diaries, correspondence, memoirs, and original works of art that reveal the complexity of these artist-muse relationships and illustrate the muse in all her guises: as inspiration, angel, equal partner and, sometimes, monster. The nine muses are: Hester Thrale (Samuel Johnson), Alice Liddell (Lewis Carroll), Elizabeth Siddal (Dante Gabriel Rossetti). Lou-Andreas-Salomé (Nietzsche, Rilke and Freud), Gala Dalí (Salvador Dalí), Lee Miller (Man Ray), Charis Weston (Edward Weston), Suzanne Farrell (George Balanchine) and Yoko Ono (John Lennon).

What sets this study apart from the vast literature on Monet is Gedo's focused, jargon-free, accessible, psychoanalytic assessment of Monet and his relationship with his first wife and mistress, Camille Doncieux, and the impact of this complex relationship on the artist's work. Using this psychobiographical approach in conducting a careful reading of primary source material and Monet's paintings, Gedo (independent scholar) does much to debunk a good deal of the mythology surrounding the artist's life at this period. She offers fresh insights into the content of many of Monet's major paintings, particularly his figurative works that feature Camille as a model or subject. So, for example, Gedo proposes that Monet's Camille (or The Woman in the Green Dress) from 1866, via its composition, "functioned as a metaphor for the uncertainty characterizing the relationship between lovers," in addition to exposing publicly Camille as Monet's mistress. As is the danger when applying psychoanalysis to the study of art history, some of Gedo's assertions and interpretations approach the level of implausibility; however, these flights of psychoanalytic fancy are few and far between. The writing is engaging, endnotes are extensive but not oppressive, and the book is sufficiently illustrated with many images in color. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Lower-level undergraduates and above; general readers. General Readers; Lower-division Undergraduates; Upper-division Undergraduates; Graduate Students; Researchers/Faculty; Professionals/Practitioners. Reviewed by D. E. Gliem.

Caroline Blackwood was born into the Guinness family in 1931, the daughter of the Fourth Marquess and Marchioness of Dufferin and Ava. Brought up on the ancestral estate in Northern Ireland, Blackwood moved easily among the Anglo-Irish aristocracy, the Soho bohemians of postwar England, and the liberal intelligentsia of 1960s New York. She was on intimate terms with some of the most celebrated artists and writers of her time. An unpredictable beauty known for her wit and her courage, she has been called a muse to genius. But her marriages to three brilliant men: the painter Lucian Freud, the composer Israel Citkowitz, and the poet Robert Lowell were as troubled as they were inspiring. During her marriage to Lucian Freud, Caroline became part of an artistic and literary group that included Francis Bacon and Cyril Connolly who was infatuated with her but eventually Freud's gambling caused irrevocable problems between them. Caroline was also in the grips of her own unfolding tragedy: a fatal attraction to alcohol that would plague the rest of her life. Upon the breakup of her first marriage, she moved to America , where she met her second and third husbands. Once regarded as the obvious successor to Aaron Copland, Israel Citkowitz had stopped composing long before he met Caroline. While he and Caroline had three children together, it was her subsequent seven year marriage to Robert Lowell that she considered her "main marriage." Her life with Lowell was probably the most difficult time of her life as she dealt with his increasingly frequent and worsening attacks of mania. And to Lowell she was not only an inspiration but_as he described in his Pulitzer-prize- winning book of verse The Dolphin, she was also "a mermaid who dines upon the bones of her winded lovers." In 1977, Robert Lowell fled London to return to his former wife Elizabeth Hardwick. He died from a heart attack in the backseat of a taxi, clutching Girl in Bed, Lucian Freud's haunting portrait of Caroline. Blackwood was an artist in her own right. Her literary talents were dark and satiric; her ten books of fiction and nonfiction betrayed an extraordinary eye for human physiognomy, attire, and behavior. Arguably her best book, Great Granny Webster described the comic terrors of her upbringing in Northern Ireland, and was shortlisted for the Booker Prize. She herself died of cancer on Valentine's Day 1996, at the age of sixty-four. Dangerous Muse is the first biography of Lady Caroline Blackwood. Drawing upon numerous interviews and unpublished letters from Blackwood's mother, Maureen Dufferin, and friends and family, including Andrew Harvey, Jonathan Raban, John Richardson, and Caroline's sister Perdita Blackwood, Nancy Schoenberger eloquently captures one of the most original and provocative figures in contemporary letters of the twentieth century.

In this brilliant, wry, and provocative book, National Book Award finalist Francine Prose explores the complex relationships between the artist and his muse. In so doing, she illuminates with great sensitivity and intelligence the elusive emotional wellsprings of the creative process. All nine women loved, and were loved by, their artists, and inspired them with an intensity of emotion akin to Eros: Hesther Thrale and Samuel Johnson; Alice Liddell and Lewis Carroll; Elizabeth Siddal and Dante Gabriel Rossetti; Lou Andreas-Salome and Friedrich Nietzsche; Rainer Maria Rilke and Sigmund Freud; Gala Dali and Salvador Dalip; Lee Miller and Man Ray; Charis Weston and Edward Weston; Suzanne Farrell and George Balanchine; and Yoko Ono and John Lennon. Illus.

'Exhilarating and fascinating' KATY HESSEL | 'Rich and detailed' CHLOË ASHBY | 'Enlightening' TABISH KHAN | 'Sheds light on an uncharted area of art history' JENNY PERY | 'An essential read' EDWARD BROOKE-HITCHING Meet the unexpected, overlooked and forgotten models of art history. Who was Picasso's 'Weeping Woman'? Why was Grace Jones covered in graffiti? How did Francis Bacon meet the burglar who became his muse? The perception of the muse is that of a passive, powerless model, at the mercy of an influential and older artist. But is this trope a romanticised myth? Far from posing silently, muses have brought emotional support, intellectual energy, career-changing creativity and practical help to artists. Muse tells the true stories of the incredible muses who have inspired art history's masterpieces. From Leonardo da Vinci's studio to the covers of Vogue, art historian, critic and writer Ruth Millington uncovers the remarkable role of muses in some of art history's most well-known and significant works. Delving into the real-life relationships that models have held with the artists who immortalised them, it will expose the influential and active part they have played and deconstruct reductive stereotypes, reframing the muse as a momentous and empowered agent of art history.

Thirty writers look back at the the people, events, and books that launched their literary lives.