The Modernization Of Public Education In The Ottoman Empire 1839 1908

This first comprehensive study on Ottoman educational reform is based on archival material and providing new information on curricular policies applied in the provinces and toward different ethnic groups.

The aim of the Ottoman educational reforms was to raise a class of educated bureaucrats as a means of administrative centralization, and a design to inculcate authoritarian and religious values among the population for the legitimization of state authority. This study, which deals with the modernization of Ottoman public education during the period of reform, is based on sources such as Ottoman archives, published documents, textbooks, and memoirs. It discusses the main factors that led to Ottoman educational reforms. The topics in this volume include the expansion of provincial education, financial policies, curricular issues, the educational ideology of the Tanzimat (1839-1876) and the Hamidian periods (1878-1908), ethnic groups in the Balkans, Anatolia and Arabia, and the process of socialization. The book particularly addresses those readers interested in the educational, social and administrative history of the late Ottoman period.

In A Social History of the Late Ottoman Women, Duygu Köksal and Anastasia Falierou bring together new research on women of different geographies and communities of the late Ottoman Empire focusing particularly on the ways in which women gained power and exercised agency.

The first comparative study of the spread of mass education around the world in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, this unique new book uses a bottom-up focus and demonstrates, to an extent not appreciated hitherto, the gulf between the intentions of the government and the reality on the ground.

Order and Compromise questions the historicity of government practices in Turkey from the late Ottoman Empire onwards. Its discussion of state-society relations reveals how political and administrative institutions are being framed by constant interactions with other social realms.

This is a study of the nature of Ottoman administration under Sultan Abdulhamid and the effects of this on the three provinces that were to form the modern state of Iraq. The author provides a general commentary on the late Ottoman provincial administration and a comprehensive picture of the nature of its interaction with provincial society. In drawing on sources of the Ottoman archives, bringing together and analyzing an abundance of complex documents, this book is a fascinating contribution to the field of Middle Eastern studies.

Following a string of military defeats at the end of the eighteenth century, Ottoman leaders realized that their classical traditions and institutions could not compete with Russia and the European states' technological and economic superiority.One of a series of nineteenth-century reform initiatives was the creation of a European-style university called darülfünun. From the Arabic words dar, meaning "house," and fünun, meaning "sciences," the darülfünun would incorporate the western sciences into deeply entrenched academic traditions and institutions in an effort to bridge the gap with Europe. The completely new institution, distinct from the existing pre-modern medreses, was modeled after the French educational system and created an infrastructure for national universities in Turkey and some of the Arab-speaking provinces. It also influenced the establishment of universities in Iran and Afghanistan. Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu's study sheds new light on an important and pioneering experiment in East-West relations, tracking the multifaceted transformation at work in Istanbul during the transition from classical to modern modes of scientific education. Out of this intellectual ferment, a new Ottoman Turkish scientific language developed, the terminology of which served as a convenient vehicle for expressing and teaching modern science throughout the Empire.

A study of the period of armed conflict following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in the Middle East.