The Resource Utilization Of Plastic Waste With Supercritical Water Treatment

The Resource Utilization of Plastic Waste with Supercritical Water Treatment discusses the types of plastic analysis, material characterization, technical principles of supercritical water treatment of waste plastics, the structure and process of the experimental platform, the selection of process parameters, and the establishment of kinetic models in professional areas of the field. Provides a clear understanding of the basic principles and processes of supercritical water treatment of waste plastics technology Enables the reader to develop a complete understanding of the experimental methods of supercritical water gasification plastics, liquefied plastics and collaborative treatments of pollutants Provides an overview of kinetic models, along with the accuracy of modeling results by comparing with experimental results

This book is the second volume in a three-volume set on Solid Waste Engineering and Management. It focuses on sustainability, single waste stream processing, material recovery, plastic waste, marine litter, sludge disposal, restaurant waste recycling, sanitary landfills, landfill leachate collection, and landfill aftercare as it pertains to solid waste management. The volumes comprehensively discuss various contemporary issues associated with solid waste pollution management, impacts on the environment and vulnerable human populations, and solutions to these problems.

Sub- and Supercritical Hydrothermal Technology: Industrial Applications offers a practical view of a variety of industrial applications and their challenges, offering a deep understanding of the application of sub- and supercritical fluids and their techno-economic viability. This book covers a wide range of applications of hydrothermal processing that result in almost zero waste, high energy efficiency, sustainable chemical processes, and minimal impact over the life cycle. These applications include processing of hazardous waste, bioproducts, coal, lipids, heavy oil and bitumen, and carbon materials. The use of hot-compressed water instead of different organic solvents, such as methanol, acetone, and hexane, is an environmentally benign, green, and sustainable option which can help to design chemical processes that support green chemistry and engineering. This book is pertinent for researchers and professionals in the fields of chemical engineering, industrial chemistry, environmental engineering, materials engineering, and manufacturing.

Advances in Biofuels Production, Optimization and Applications discusses the optimization of chemical, biochemical, thermochemical and hydrothermal processes for biofuels. With a strong focus on applications, the book bridges the gap between technological developments and prospects of commercialization. Initial chapters review efficient hydrolysis and biofuel and bio-alcohol production before reviewing key processes such as biomass gasification, syngas conversion to biofuel, and pyrolysis techniques. Several biofuel applications are presented, including those within the transport industry as well as domestic and industrial boilers. The book then finishes with a review of the circular economy, biofuel policies and ethical considerations. This will act as a systematic reference on the range of biomass conversion processes and technologies in biofuels production. It is an essential read for students, researchers and engineers interested in renewable energy, biotechnology, biofuels production and chemical engineering. Provides recent advances in the processes and technologies currently used for biofuel production Addresses the technology transfer of integrated biofuel upgrading and production at large scale Highlights policy and economics of biofuel production, biofuel value chains, and how to accomplish cost-competitive results and sustainable development Examines recent development in engines and boiler technologies for the eco-friendly applications of these biofuels in the industry and transport sectors

Plastic Waste Management Comprehensive resource on innovative and breakthrough developments in plastic waste management, covering a wide range of processing techniques and applications Plastic Waste Management offers a complete guide to the best plastic waste management practices through recycling, incineration, landfill, and other processes, discusses applications of plastic waste management including energy generation, biochemical production, construction, and food packaging, covering current challenges relating to plastic waste, explaining the sources of waste and their routes into the environment, and providing systematic coverage of plastic waste treatment methods, including mechanical processing, monomerization, blast furnace feedstock, gasification, and thermal recycling. The book also discusses different biodegradation mechanisms of plastic wastes and ecotoxicity and ecological Implications of marine plastic debris. From a cultural perspective, the book provides information regarding environmental and health implications, societal issues, and current challenges associated with plastic waste management. Written by leading experts in the field and edited by two highly qualified academics, Plastic Waste Management covers specific sample topics such as: A a roadmap towards a circular economy and environmental sustainability via effective management strategies for plastic wastes Implementation of an analytical hierarchy process for developing better waste collection systems, and chemical recycling of plastic waste for sustainable development Mechanisms, perspectives, and challenges for natural biodegradation of plastic wastes, and conversion of plastic wastes into value added materials Plastic wastes management and disposal in developing countries, and challenges and strategies for plastic waste management during and post COVID-19 pandemic Plastic Waste Management is a highly valuable resource for scientists and researchers working in the fields of environmental science, environmental engineering, and plastic engineering towards the goal of developing sustainable materials, along with graduate and postgraduate students in related programs of study, and professionals and engineers in related industries.

The use of plastic materials has seen a massive increase in recent years, and generation of plastic wastes has grown proportionately. Recycling of these wastes to reduce landfill disposal is problematic due to the wide variation in properties and chemical composition among the different types of plastics. Feedstock recycling is one of the alternatives available for consideration, and Feedstock Recycling of Plastic Wastes looks at the conversion of plastic wastes into valuable chemicals useful as fuels or raw materials. Looking at both scientific and technical aspects of the recycling developments, this book describes the alternatives available. Areas include chemical depolymerization, thermal processes, oxidation and hydrogenation. Besides conventional treatments, new technological approaches for the degradation of plastics, such as conversion under supercritical conditions and coprocessing with coal are discussed. This book is essential reading for those involved in plastic recycling, whether from an academic or industrial perspective. Consultants and government agencies will also find it immensely useful.

Supercritical Fluid Technology for Energy and Environmental Applications covers the fundamental principles involved in the preparation and characterization of supercritical fluids (SCFs) used in the energy production and other environmental applications. Energy production from diversified resources — including renewable materials — using clean processes can be accomplished using technologies like SCFs. This book is focused on critical issues scientists and engineers face in applying SCFs to energy production and environmental protection, the innovative solutions they have found, and the challenges they need to overcome. The book also covers the basics of sub- and supercritical fluids, like the thermodynamics of phase and chemical equilibria, mathematical modeling, and process calculations. A supercritical fluid is any substance at a temperature and pressure above its critical point where distinct liquid and gas phases do not exist. At this state the compound demonstrates unique properties, which can be "fine-tuned," making them suitable as organic solvents in a range of industrial and laboratory processes. This volume enables readers to select the most appropriate medium for a specific situation. It helps instructors prepare course material for graduate and postgraduate courses in the area of chemistry, chemical engineering, and environmental engineering. And it helps professional engineers learn supercritical fluid-based technologies and use them in solving the increasingly challenging environmental issues. Relates theory, chemical characteristics, and properties of the particular supercritical fluid to its various applications Covers the fundamentals of supercritical fluids, like thermodynamics of phase and chemical equilibria, mathematical modeling, and process calculations Includes the most recent applications of supercritical fluids, including energy generation, materials synthesis, and environmental protection