Three Dimensional Exploration Technology Of Tunnel Geology

This book gives a comprehensive introduction to the new geophysical detection theories, methods and technologies of tunnel engineering under complex geological conditions and environments. It mainly focuses on the application of 3D seismic technique, 3D high-power resistivity sounding, and 3D GPR, etc. There are 7 chapters in the book. Chapter 1 introduces the state of the art and developing trends of geophysical detection technologies for tunnel engineering. Chapter 2 analyzes the complex geological conditions and environments for tunnel construction and the latest geophysical detection technologies. Chapter 3 to Chapter 7 systematically elaborate on the 3D seismic techniques, 3D detection technologies for water content in tunnel surrounding rocks, 3D detection technologies for side/back slope, 3D detection technologies for shield tunneling, and 3D detection technologies for collapse treatment of tunnel construction. The book presents numerous case studies to illustrate the applications of these technologies.

This book systematically introduces the new technology used in the construction of underwater large slurry shields under complex conditions. The basic principles, scope of application, construction technology and technical points of the key technologies such as the origin and arrival of the shield, crossing the shallow soil in the middle of the river, crossing the guard, and changing the knife and opening the knife are clarified.

This book proposes the tool change methods for the excessive tool wear in the construction rules of shield tunnel construction in China. From the perspective of shield tunneling, atmospheric pressure tool change, pressure opening and tool change, and other special techniques, the tool change technologies are proposed. It highlights a number of tool-changing techniques and research and development work, including pressure-changing tools, tool-changing tools in the tool-cylinder arm, and cutter-tooth cutter inter-change since the beginning of the construction of the Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel.

This book focuses on some technical problems encountered in shield tunneling in hard–soft uneven stratum and extremely soft stratum, based on the recent shield tunneling engineering practice, and summarizes the achievements of shield tunneling in view of the technical problems from an overall and objective perspective. There are 6 chapters in this book. Chapter 1 introduces the development trend of shield tunneling method, defines classification of various stratum where shield tunneling applies, and mainly analyses the selection of shield machines and the configuration of cutters. Chapters 2 to 5 elaborates the strata characteristics and construction difficulties under various stratum conditions, puts forward adaptive selection and design keys of shield in various stratum, and emphatically analyses and summarizes the stability control technologies of shield tunnel face and driving control technology by case studies. Chapter 6 introduces the shield chamber opening technologies under hyperbaric condition, emphatically presents the basic requirements and operational preparations for the shield chamber opening, and puts forward innovative ideas of operation procedures, control points of key procedures, and safety requirements of shield chamber opening under hyperbaric condition.

Tunnel construction is expensive when compared to the construction of other engineering structures. As such, there is always the need to develop more sophisticated and effective methods of construction. There are many long and large tunnels with various purposes in the world, especially for highways, railways, water conveyance, and energy production. Tunnels can be designed effectively by means of two and three-dimensional numerical models. Ground–structure interaction is one of the significant factors acting on economic and safe design. This book presents recent data on tunnel engineering to improve the theory and practice of the construction of underground structures. It provides an overview of tunneling technology and includes chapters that address analytical and numerical methods for rock load estimation and design support systems and advances in measurement systems for underground structures. The book discusses the empirical, analytical, and numerical methods of tunneling practice worldwide.

All of us are dependent on a built environment constructed and maintained by civil and hydraulic engineers, and for those working in these fields, keeping up to date with the latest technological developments is vital for the safe and efficient design and operation of this infrastructure. This book presents the proceedings of HCET 2023, the 8th International Technical Conference on Frontiers of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering Technology, held from 25-27 September 2023 in Wuhan, China. HCET is an international conference which aims to enhance the development of hydraulic and civil engineering in China, with a focus on high-end, intelligent and green technologies. It seeks to do this by consolidating global wisdom and achievements and providing scientific support. HCET also offers an excellent opportunity for scientists, researchers and engineers from around the world to exchange their findings and discuss developments, establishing a basis for national and international collaboration. A total of 316 contributions were received for the 2023 edition, of which 187 were ultimately accepted after a rigorous review process and checks for quality and plagiarism. Topics covered include the research and development of concrete structure design and analysis; structural mechanics and structural engineering; building and future materials; hydraulic engineering; geological exploration and earthquake engineering; building technology; urban planning; road, bridge and traffic engineering; energy infrastructure; environmental engineering and advanced engineering technologies, and interdisciplinary sciences and applications. Covering a wide range of subjects related to hydraulic engineering and civil engineering technology and associated transdisciplinary sciences, the book will be of interest to all those working in the field.

Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art. Volume 3: Geological and geotechnical knowledge and requirements for project implementation contains the contributions presented in the eponymous Technical Session during the World Tunnel Congress 2019 (Naples, Italy, 3-9 May 2019). The use of underground space is continuing to grow, due to global urbanization, public demand for efficient transportation, and energy saving, production and distribution. The growing need for space at ground level, along with its continuous value increase and the challenges of energy saving and achieving sustainable development objectives, demand greater and better use of the underground space to ensure that it supports sustainable, resilient and more liveable cities. The contributions cover a wide range of topics, from geological and geotechnical key-factors for tunnel design, excavation geometry using digital mapping, real time monitoring systems, via geotechnical data standardization and management, to drone based deformation monitoring and Probabilistic Fault Displacement Hazard Analysis. The book is a valuable reference text for tunnelling specialists, owners, engineers, archaeologists, architects, artists and others involved in underground planning, design and building around the world, and for academics who are interested in underground constructions and geotechnics.

The key to the solution of geological hazards such as Karst water inrush and mud burst in tunnel lies in the accurate prediction or detection of Karst and groundwater. By means of on-site monitoring, theoretical analysis and indoor simulation experiments, the authors conduct in-depth research on the characteristics of water-bearing media and their mechanism of action, and explored the relevance of "Karst morphology", "Karst groundwater" and "fractal characteristics". An evaluation model of Karst development degree based on hydrochemical kinetic parameters and fractal index of Karst morphology is established. Based on the combination of Karst groundwater dynamics, hydrochemistry, water-rock interaction theory and fractal theory, the hydrochemical Kinetics and fractal index evaluation technique for Karst development is proposed. It provides a new theory and method for improving the accuracy of Karst and groundwater forecasting. The research results are of practical and guiding significance to the construction, Karst geological disasters prevention and management of various underground projects in Karst areas. Engineers and technicians, hydrogeological engineering geologists, and college students engaged in tunnel and underground engineering will find it valuable.