Trends In Natural Language Generation An Artificial Intelligence Perspective

This proceedings volume gives an up-to-date overview of the most recent results in the field of plant molecular response to environmental constraints, especially heat, cold, water/drought, salt or light. It centers on molecular approaches in understanding the bases of plant tolerance to physical stresses, links among different environmental stresses, and the manipulation of gene expression by recombinant DNA technology to obtain tolerant transgenic plants.

This book is a part of the Blue Book series “Research on the Development of Electronic Information Engineering Technology in China”, which explores the cutting edge of natural language processing (NLP) studies. The research objects of natural language processing are evolved from words, phrases, and sentences to text, and research directions are from language analysis, language understanding, language generation, knowledge graphs, machine translation, to deep semantic understanding, and beyond. This is in line with the development trend of applications. And for another typical NLP application machine translation, from text translation, to voice and image translation, now simultaneous interpretation, progress of technology makes the application of machine translation deeper and wider into diverse industries. This book is intended for researchers and industrial staffs who have been following the current situation and future trends of the natural language processing. Meanwhile, it also bears high value of reference for experts, scholars, and technical and engineering managers of different levels and different fields.

Authors and Participants xi I Pragmatic Aspects 1 1. Some pragmatic decision criteria in generation 3 EduardH. Hovy 2. How to appear to be conforming to the 'maxims' even if you prefer to violate them 19 Antlwny Jameson 43 3. Contextual effects on responses to misconceptions Kathleen F. McCoy 4. Generating understandable explanatory sentences 55 Domenico Parisi & Donatella Ferrante 5. Toward a plan-based theory of referring actions 63 Douglas E. Appelt Generating referring expressions and pointing gestures 71 6. Norben Reithinger II Generation of Connected Discourse 83 7. Rhetorical Structure Theory: description and construction of text structures 85 William C. Mann & Sandra A. Tlwmpson 8. Discourse strategies for describing complex physical objects 97 Cecile L. Paris & Kathleen R. McKeown 9. Strategies for generating coherent descriptions of object movements in street scenes 117 Hans-Joachim Novak 133 10. The automated news agency: SEMTEX - a text generator for German Dietmar ROsner 149 11. A connectionist approach to the generation of abstracts KOiti Hasida, Shun Ishizald & Hitoshi Isahara III Generator Design 157 159 12. Factors contributing to efficiency in natural language generation DavidD. McDonald, Marie M. Vaughan & James D. Pustejovsky 183 13. Reviewing as a component of the text generation process Masoud Yazdani A French and English syntactic component for generation 191 14. Laurence Danlos KING: a knowledge-intensive natural language generator 219 15. Paul S. Jacobs vii 231 IV Grammars and Grammatical Formalisms 233 16. The relevance of Tree Adjoining Grammar to generation Aravind K.

Automated Discourse Generation to the User-Centered Revolution: 1970-1995

One of the aims of Natural Language Processing is to facilitate .the use of computers by allowing their users to communicate in natural language. There are two important aspects to person-machine communication: understanding and generating. While natural language understanding has been a major focus of research, natural language generation is a relatively new and increasingly active field of research. This book presents an overview of the state of the art in natural language generation, describing both new results and directions for new research. The principal emphasis of natural language generation is not only to facili tate the use of computers but also to develop a computational theory of human language ability. In doing so, it is a tool for extending, clarifying and verifying theories that have been put forth in linguistics, psychology and sociology about how people communicate. A natural language generator will typically have access to a large body of knowledge from which to select information to present to users as well as numer of expressing it. Generating a text can thus be seen as a problem of ous ways decision-making under multiple constraints: constraints from the propositional knowledge at hand, from the linguistic tools available, from the communicative goals and intentions to be achieved, from the audience the text is aimed at and from the situation and past discourse. Researchers in generation try to identify the factors involved in this process and determine how best to represent the factors and their dependencies.